Prevalence of depression and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in eastern Sudan.
BMC Psychiatry 2021;
21:336. [PMID:
34229659 PMCID:
PMC8259025 DOI:
10.1186/s12888-021-03357-1]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a global health threat and burden. It is associated with medical and psychological complications, especially depression. Depression among patients with DM may affect the general prognosis. Hence, we conducted a cross-sectional study in Gadarif, eastern Sudan to evaluate the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among patients with type 2 DM (T2DM).
METHODS
We performed a cross-sectional study. Data on anthropometric parameters, demographic characteristics and blood glucose levels were collected via questionnaire. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).
RESULTS
Three hundred and fifty patients with T2DM were enrolled in the study and 205 (58.6%) were women. The median (interquartile range) age and duration of diabetes were 56.0 (14.0) years and 8 (8) years, respectively. The prevalence of depression in patients with T2DM was 35.6%. Logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between depression and rural residence (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20-3.72), non-employee (AOR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.34-4.00), co-morbidity (AOR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.43-3.86) and obesity AOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.48-4.18).
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of depression is high among Sudanese patients with T2DM. Rural residence, unemployment, co-morbidity and obesity are significant risk factors for developing depression among patients with T2DM.
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