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Juntha S, Tungsawat P, Wongwatanasanti N, Suksaphar W, Lertnantapanya S. Evaluation of Setting Time, Flowability, Film Thickness, and Radiopacity of Experimental Monocalcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers. Int J Dent 2024; 2024:8541653. [PMID: 38681823 PMCID: PMC11055647 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8541653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a formulation of premixed calcium silicate-based sealer (CSBS) with monocalcium silicate (Mono-CS) as the main component. Its properties were compared with those of a control group (iRoot SP) according to ISO 6876/2012 standards for root canal sealers. Materials and Methods The CSBS formulation consisted of two components (powder and liquid). The powder was a mixture of Mono-CS, a radiopacifier, and a thickening agent, and the liquid components were nonaqueous liquid agent and setting accelerator. Three formulation groups with different powder-liquid ratios were prepared: group A, 2 : 1; group B, 3 : 1; and group C, 2 : 1, which also contained calcium chloride as a setting accelerator. The setting time, flow rate, film thickness, and radiopacity of the three CSBS groups and the control group were evaluated and compared. Each test was repeated five times for each group. Results The minimum values of setting time (i.e., working time, initial setting time, and final setting time) were ranked in order of significance as group B, the control group, group C, and group A. The control group had the lowest film thickness at 20 μm, with a nonsignificant difference to group C. The flow rates in group A, group C, and the control group were >20 mm. Furthermore, the experimental groups showed a similar amount of radiopacity as the control group (p > 0.05). Conclusion Mono-CS and calcium chloride can be used in the formulation of root canal sealers, and their properties, including working time, initial setting time, final setting time, flow rate, film thickness, and radiopacity, are consistent with those of iRoot SP and ISO 6876/2012 standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Juntha
- College of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Pakit Tungsawat
- College of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | | | - Warattama Suksaphar
- College of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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Radwanski M, Rozpedek-Kaminska W, Galita G, Siwecka N, Sokolowski J, Majsterek I, Özcan M, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of bioceramic root canal sealers compared to conventional resin-based sealer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4124. [PMID: 38374199 PMCID: PMC10876547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54726-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of calcium-silicate based sealers and comparing them with a gold standard-an epoxy-based sealant. Two experimental cell lines were used, gingival fibroblasts (hGF) and monocyte/macrophage peripheral blood cell line (SC). The cytotoxicity (XTT assay) and genotoxicity (comet assay) were evaluated both after 24-h and 48-h incubation. Additionally, after 48-h incubation, the cell apoptosis and cell cycle progression was detected. BioRoot Flow induced a significant decrease in hGF cells viability compared to the negative control groups both after 24-h (p < 0.001) and 48-h incubation (p < 0.01). In group with SC cells, after 24-h incubation significant increase in cells viability was detected for AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer in comparison to negative control (p < 0.05). BioRoot Flow and BioRoot RCS can be considered potentially genotoxic for the hGF cells after 48-h incubation (> 20% DNA damage). BioRoot Flow and BioRoot RCS, may have potential genotoxic effects and induce apoptosis in hGF cells which may irritate periapical tissues, resulting in a delayed healing. The findings of the study would be useful in selection of an appropriate sealant for root canal filling without causing cytotoxicity and genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Grzegorz Galita
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Natalia Siwecka
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sokolowski
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Majsterek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders and Dental Biomaterials, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213, Lodz, Poland.
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Hamdy TM, Galal MM, Ismail AG, Saber S. Physicochemical properties of AH plus bioceramic sealer, Bio-C Sealer, and ADseal root canal sealer. Head Face Med 2024; 20:2. [PMID: 38172921 PMCID: PMC10765876 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-023-00403-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of two newly introduced premixed calcium silicate-based root canal sealers (AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer and Bio-C Sealer) compared to a resin-based root canal sealer (ADseal root canal sealer). METHODS Solubility, pH analysis, calcium ion release, and film thickness of each sealer were evaluated following ISO guidelines. The data were examined using the two-way ANOVA test. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination was performed to investigate the crystalline phase of each type of sealer. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis was done for the chemical elemental analysis of each sealer. RESULTS The least film thickness, highest alkalinity, and highest calcium ion release were all displayed by AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer. High solubility, high alkalinity, intermediate calcium ion release, and intermediate film thickness were all displayed by Bio-C Sealer. While ADseal root canal sealer displayed the greatest film thickness, least solubility, alkalinity, and calcium ion release. CONCLUSIONS Both AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer and Bio-C Sealer represented adequate properties to be considered a good sealer that could be used as a potential alternative to resin-based root canal sealers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer M Hamdy
- Restorative and Dental Materials Department, Oral and Dental Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Dokki, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Manar M Galal
- Restorative and Dental Materials Department, Oral and Dental Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Dokki, 12622, Egypt
| | - Amira Galal Ismail
- Restorative and Dental Materials Department, Oral and Dental Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Dokki, 12622, Egypt
| | - Shehabeldin Saber
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, 11841, Egypt
- Center for Innovative Dental Sciences, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, 11841, Egypt
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Al-Sabawi NA, Al-Jubori SH. Physical-chemical properties and acellular bioactivity of newly prepared nano-tricalcium silicate-58s bioactive glass-based endodontic sealer. J Oral Biosci 2023; 65:305-315. [PMID: 37716424 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the physiochemical properties and apatite-forming ability of a newly prepared nano-tricalcium silicate-58s bioactive glass-based endodontic sealer (C3S-BG-P) and compare its results with the Nishika BG canal sealer and BioRoot™ RCS. METHODS The physicochemical properties (setting time, flow, solubility, film thickness, and radiopacity) of C3S-BG-P, Nishika BG canal sealer, and BioRoot™ RCS were evaluated in accordance with ANSI/ADA 57/2000 (reaffirmed 2012) and ISO 6876:2012 for root canal sealing materials. The in vitro apatite-forming ability was evaluated after 28 days of immersion of disc-shaped specimens in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) using field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. RESULTS The results of physiochemical tests indicated that all the tested sealers complied with the ADA and ISO standards; however, the solubility of the BioRoot did not meet the two standards. C3S-BG-P revealed significantly superior properties in all physicochemical tests compared to Nishika and BioRoot; however, the solubility of Nishika was significantly lower than that of C3S-BG-P. Furthermore, all tested sealers exhibited apatite precipitation on their surfaces after 28 days of immersion in PBS. CONCLUSIONS C3S-BG-P had superior physicochemical properties, which mitigated the disadvantages of calcium silicate-based sealers. Moreover, it exhibited apatite precipitation after immersion in PBS. Further in vivo studies utilizing animal models or clinical studies are necessary to support the rationale of the newly developed sealer for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal A Al-Sabawi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
| | - Sawsan Hameed Al-Jubori
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
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Xue K, Hu G, Wu L, Han H, Sun Y, Gan K, Zhu J, Du T. The bioceramic sealer iRoot SP promotes osteogenic differentiation of human stem cells from apical papilla via miR-141-3p/SPAG9/MAPK signalling pathway. Int Endod J 2023; 56:1241-1253. [PMID: 37357722 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM The premixed bioceramic sealer iRoot SP that is widely used clinically has been reported to kill bacterial biofilms and promote osteogenic differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla (hSCAPs). Although miR-141-3p has been substantiated to be involved in the osteogenic process, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR-141-3p in osteogenic differentiation and underlying mechanisms of iRoot SP-treated hSCAPs. METHODOLOGY hSCAPs were extracted from tissue blocks with enzyme digestion and identified by using immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and alizarin red staining. The mRNA expression level of miR-141-3p in hSCPAs after culture with iRoot SP was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay. SPAG9 was identified as a downstream target gene of miR-141-3p by dual-luciferase report assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and activity detection, alizarin red staining, calcium concentration assay, qRT-PCR and western blot were used to estimate osteogenic differentiation ability and involved protein expression levels of the osteogenic makers and signalling pathway-related factors in iRoot SP-treated hSCAPs. Data were analysed by one-way anova and post hoc Tukey's test to determine any statistical differences between the experimental groups and the control group. p < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Expression of miR-141-3p was reduced in iRoot SP-treated hSCAPs with the increased exposure time up to 7 days, and the western blot and qRT-PCR results revealed that the osteogenic markers osteocalcin (OCN), osterix (OSX), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) were inversely correlated with miR-141-3p. The negative regulatory relationship between miR-141-3p and SPAG9/ mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signalling axis was validated in this in vitro experiments. CONCLUSIONS The bioceramic sealer iRoot SP promoted osteogenic differentiation of hSCAPs by inhibiting miR-141-3p following down-regulated SPAG9 expression, and activated MAPK pathway. These findings proposed a novel therapeutic impact of bioceramic sealer iRoot SP inducing bone regeneration in refractory periapical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyang Xue
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guang Hu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Laidi Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Han
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuhui Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kang Gan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Juanfang Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tianfeng Du
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Radwanski M, Leski M, Puszkarz AK, Sokolowski J, Hardan L, Bourgi R, Sauro S, Lukomska-Szymanska M. A Micro-CT Analysis of Initial and Long-Term Pores Volume and Porosity of Bioactive Endodontic Sealers. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102403. [PMID: 36289666 PMCID: PMC9599172 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of the porosities within the interface of root canals obturated with endodontics materials is extremely important for the long-term success of endodontic treatments. The aim of this study was to compare initial and long-term volume of pores (total, open, closed) and porosity (total, regional) of three bioactive endodontic sealers: GuttaFlow Bioseal, Total Fill BC Sealer, and BioRoot RCS. Root canals were obturated with three “bioactive” sealers using the single-cone technique. The volume of open and closed pores and porosity were calculated using a micro-computed tomography (MCT) method. The measurements were performed after 7 days (initial) and after 6 months (long-term) of incubation. Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. The total volume of pores remained unchanged after the 6-month storage. GuttaFlow Bioseal exhibited significantly higher long-term volume in open pores than Total Fill BC Sealer. The total porosity in all the tested sealers presented no statistically significant change after the 6-month storage, except for BioRoot RCS. The total porosity values of this latter material significantly increased after long-term incubation, especially in the apical region. In conclusion, the use of bioactive sealers with excessive tendency to create porosities both in shorth- and long-term periods of storage may compromise the long-term success of endodontic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Radwanski
- Department of Endodontics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Michal Leski
- Department of Endodontics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Adam K. Puszkarz
- Institute of Material Science of Textiles and Polymer Composites, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Żeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sokolowski
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Departamento de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera C/Del Pozo ss/n, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | - Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-605-721-200 or +48-426-757-429
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Attavar S, Kauravi S, Singh G. Influence of dentin moisture conditions on the wetting action of different endodontic sealers using Rame-Hart goniometer: An in vitro study. J Int Oral Health 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_110_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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