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Amici J, Banaudi G, Longo M, Gandolfo M, Zanon M, Francia C, Bodoardo S, Sangermano M. Efficient Biorenewable Membranes in Lithium-Oxygen Batteries. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3182. [PMID: 37571076 PMCID: PMC10420843 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium-oxygen batteries, with their very high energy density (3500 Wh kg-1), could represent a real breakthrough in the envisioned strategies towards more efficient energy storage solutions for a less and less carbonated energy mix. However, the problems associated with this technology are numerous. A first one is linked to the high reactivity of the lithium metal anode, while a second one is linked to the highly oxidative environment created by the cell's O2 saturation. Keeping in mind the necessity for greener materials in future energy storage solutions, in this work an innovative lithium protective membrane is prepared based on chitosan, a polysaccharide obtained from the deacetylation reaction of chitin. Chitosan was methacrylated through a simple, one-step reaction in water and then cross-linked by UV-induced radical polymerization. The obtained membranes were successively activated in liquid electrolyte and used as a lithium protection layer. The cells prepared with protected lithium were able to reach a higher full discharge capacity, and the chitosan's ability to slow down degradation processes was verified by post-mortem analyses. Moreover, in long cycling conditions, the protected lithium cell performed more than 40 cycles at 0.1 mA cm-2, at a fixed capacity of 0.5 mAh cm-2, retaining 100% coulombic efficiency, which is more than twice the lifespan of the bare lithium cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Amici
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, c.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy (M.L.); (M.S.)
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Niu H, Ding M, Zhang N, Guo X, Guan P, Hu X. Ionic Liquid‐Modified Silicon Nanoparticles Composite Gel Polymer Electrolyte for High‐Performance Lithium Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202201015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huizhe Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710129 P.R. China
| | - Minling Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710129 P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710054 P.R. China
| | - Xulong Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710129 P.R. China
| | - Ping Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710129 P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710129 P.R. China
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Lin W, Wang F, Wang H, Li H, Fan Y, Chan D, Chen S, Tang Y, Zhang Y. Thermal-Stable Separators: Design Principles and Strategies Towards Safe Lithium-Ion Battery Operations. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202201464. [PMID: 36254787 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are momentous energy storage devices, which have been rapidly developed due to their high energy density, long lifetime, and low self-discharge rate. However, the frequent occurrence of fire accidents in laptops, electric vehicles, and mobile phones caused by thermal runaway of the inside batteries constantly reminds us of the urgency in pursuing high-safety LIBs with high performance. To this end, this Review surveyed the state-of-the-art developments of high-temperature-resistant separators for highly safe LIBs with excellent electrochemical performance. Firstly, the basic properties of separators (e. g., thickness, porosity, pore size, wettability, mechanical strength, and thermal stability) in constructing commercialized LIBs were introduced. Secondly, the working mechanisms of advanced separators with different melting points acting in the thermal runaway stage were discussed in terms of improving battery safety. Thirdly, rational design strategies for constructing high-temperature-resistant separators for LIBs with high safety were summarized and discussed, including graft modification, blend modification, and multilayer composite modification strategies. Finally, the current obstacles and future research directions in the field of high-temperature-resistant separators were highlighted. These design ideas are expected to be applied to other types of high-temperature-resistant energy storage systems working under extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanxin Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Huibo Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Heng Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - You Fan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Dan Chan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Shuwei Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
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Fang L, Sun W, Hou W, Wang Z, Sun K. A high-safety electrolyte based on functionalized ionic liquid and polyurethane for lithium batteries. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wu C, Zeng W. Gel Electrolyte for Li Metal Battery. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200816. [PMID: 36220330 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The pursuit of high energy density enables lithium metal batteries (LMBs) to become the research hotpot again. However, the safety concerns including easy leakage and inflammability of the liquid electrolyte and the performance deterioration due to the uncontrollable Li dendrites growth in liquid electrolyte limit the further development of LMBs. Gel electrolyte, the most promising alternative for the commercial liquid electrolyte, is expected to solve the dilemma faced by the liquid electrolyte because of its higher safety, good flexibility and adaptability to the electrode and high ionic conductivity comparable to that of liquid electrolyte. Deeply understanding the characteristics and the role of the gel electrolyte in LMBs is of great importance to achieve superior electrochemical performance of LMBs. In this review, we comprehensively introduce the chemical fundamental of the gel electrolyte. On this basis, the modification strategies and the recent progress of the gel electrolyte for LMBs are systematically reviewed and particularly highlighted, which are categorized based on composition regulation, structural design and functional design. We endeavor to provide guidance for the rational design of the gel electrolyte with superior properties for LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wu
- Department of Flexible Sensing Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Industrial Surfactant, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510665, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Flexible Sensing Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Industrial Surfactant, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510665, P. R. China
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Amici J, Calderón CA, Versaci D, Luque G, Barraco D, Leiva E, Francia C, Bodoardo S. Composite polymer electrolyte with high inorganic additive contents to enable metallic lithium anode. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Amici J, Torchio C, Versaci D, Dessantis D, Marchisio A, Caldera F, Bella F, Francia C, Bodoardo S. Nanosponge-Based Composite Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Safer Li-O 2 Batteries. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13101625. [PMID: 34067902 PMCID: PMC8156716 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Li-O2 batteries represent a promising rechargeable battery candidate to answer the energy challenges our world is facing, thanks to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density. However, the poor cycling stability of the Li-O2 system and, overall, important safety issues due to the formation of Li dendrites, combined with the use of organic liquid electrolytes and O2 cross-over, inhibit their practical applications. As a solution to these various issues, we propose a composite gel polymer electrolyte consisting of a highly cross-linked polymer matrix, containing a dextrin-based nanosponge and activated with a liquid electrolyte. The polymer matrix, easily obtained by thermally activated one pot free radical polymerization in bulk, allows to limit dendrite nucleation and growth thanks to its cross-linked structure. At the same time, the nanosponge limits the O2 cross-over and avoids the formation of crystalline domains in the polymer matrix, which, combined with the liquid electrolyte, allows a good ionic conductivity at room temperature. Such a composite gel polymer electrolyte, tested in a cell containing Li metal as anode and a simple commercial gas diffusion layer, without any catalyst, as cathode demonstrates a full capacity of 5.05 mAh cm−2 as well as improved reversibility upon cycling, compared to a cell containing liquid electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Amici
- Electrochemistry Group, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so D.ca degli Abruzzi 24, 10128 Torino, Italy; (C.T.); (D.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (C.F.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Claudia Torchio
- Electrochemistry Group, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so D.ca degli Abruzzi 24, 10128 Torino, Italy; (C.T.); (D.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (C.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Daniele Versaci
- Electrochemistry Group, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so D.ca degli Abruzzi 24, 10128 Torino, Italy; (C.T.); (D.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (C.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Davide Dessantis
- Electrochemistry Group, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so D.ca degli Abruzzi 24, 10128 Torino, Italy; (C.T.); (D.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (C.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Andrea Marchisio
- Electrochemistry Group, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so D.ca degli Abruzzi 24, 10128 Torino, Italy; (C.T.); (D.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (C.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Fabrizio Caldera
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Federico Bella
- Electrochemistry Group, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so D.ca degli Abruzzi 24, 10128 Torino, Italy; (C.T.); (D.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (C.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Carlotta Francia
- Electrochemistry Group, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so D.ca degli Abruzzi 24, 10128 Torino, Italy; (C.T.); (D.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (C.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Silvia Bodoardo
- Electrochemistry Group, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so D.ca degli Abruzzi 24, 10128 Torino, Italy; (C.T.); (D.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.); (F.B.); (C.F.); (S.B.)
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Versaci D, Costanzo A, Ronchetti SM, Onida B, Amici J, Francia C, Bodoardo S. Ultrasmall SnO2 directly grown on commercial C45 carbon as lithium-ion battery anodes for long cycling performance. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fan H, Yang C, Wang X, Liu L, Wu Z, Luo J, Liu R. UV-curable PVdF-HFP-based gel electrolytes with semi-interpenetrating polymer network for dendrite-free Lithium metal batteries. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Feng J, Ao X, Lei Z, Wang J, Deng Y, Wang C. Hollow nanotubular clay composited comb-like methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate polymer as solid polymer electrolyte for lithium metal batteries. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Li RQ, Wang MX, Zhang QY, Chen JG, Wang K, Zhang XY, Shen S, Liu ZT, Liu ZW, Jiang J. Insight into the Intermolecular Interaction and Free Radical Polymerizability of Methacrylates in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E78. [PMID: 31906565 PMCID: PMC7023658 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
High pressure in situ Fourier transfer infrared/near infrared technology (HP FTIR/NIR) along with theoretical calculation of density functional theory (DFT) method was employed. The solvation behaviors and the free radical homopolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA), methacrylate acid (MAA), trifluoromethyl methacrylate (MTFMA) and trifluoromethyl methacrylate acid (TFMAA) in scCO2 were systematically investigated. Interestingly, the previously proposed mechanism of intermolecular-interaction dynamically-induced solvation effect (IDISE) of monomer in scCO2 is expected to be well verified/corroborated in view that the predicted solubility order of the monomers in scCO2 via DFT calculation is ideally consistent with that observed via HP FTIR/NIR. It is shown that MMA and MAA can be easily polymerized, while the free radical polymerizability of MTFMA is considerably poor and TFMAA cannot be polymerized via the free radical initiators. The α trifluoromethyl group (-CF3) may effectively enhance the intermolecular hydrogen bonding and restrain the diffusion of the monomer in scCO2. More importantly, the strong electron-withdrawing inductive effect of -CF3 to C=C may distinctly decrease the atomic charge of the carbon atom in the methylene (=CH2). These two factors are believed to be predominantly responsible for the significant decline of the free radical polymerizability of MTFMA and the other alkyl 2-trifluoromethacrylates in scCO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Qing Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.-Q.L.); (M.-X.W.); (Q.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.-W.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Ming-Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.-Q.L.); (M.-X.W.); (Q.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.-W.L.); (J.J.)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China;
| | - Qi-Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.-Q.L.); (M.-X.W.); (Q.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.-W.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Jian-Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.-Q.L.); (M.-X.W.); (Q.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.-W.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Kuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China;
| | - Xiao-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.-Q.L.); (M.-X.W.); (Q.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.-W.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Shukun Shen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China;
| | - Zhao-Tie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.-Q.L.); (M.-X.W.); (Q.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.-W.L.); (J.J.)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China;
| | - Zhong-Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.-Q.L.); (M.-X.W.); (Q.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.-W.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Jinqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.-Q.L.); (M.-X.W.); (Q.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.-W.L.); (J.J.)
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Fan H, Dong Q, Gao C, Jiang H, Hong B, Lai Y. Fragmenting solid electrolyte interphase by vertically aligned nanochannels of anodized aluminum oxide for stable lithium metal anode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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