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Mostafa GAE, El-Tohamy MF, Ali EA, Al-Salahi R, Attwa MW, AlRabiah H. Ionophore-Based Polymeric Sensors for Potentiometric Assay of the Anticancer Drug Gemcitabine in Pharmaceutical Formulation: A Comparative Study. Molecules 2023; 28:7552. [PMID: 38005274 PMCID: PMC10673180 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat various malignancies, including breast and bladder cancer. In the current study, three innovative selective gemcitabine hydrochloride sensors are developed using 4-tert-butylcalix-[8]-arene (sensor 1), β-cyclodextrin (sensor 2), and γ-cyclodextrin (sensor 3) as ionophores. The three sensors were prepared by incorporating the ionophores with o-nitrophenyl octyl ether as plasticizer and potassium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl) borate as ionic additive into a polyvinyl chloride polymer matrix. These sensors are considered environmentally friendly systems in the analytical research. The linear responses of gemcitabine hydrochloride were in the concentration range of 6.0 × 10-6 to 1.0 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 9.0 × 10-6 to 1.0 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 8.0 × 10-6 to 1.0 × 10-2 mol L-1 for sensors 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Over the pH range of 6-9, fast-Nernst slopes of 52 ± 0.6, 56 ± 0.3, and 55 ± 0.8 mV/decade were found in the same order with correlation regressions of 0.998, 0.999, and 0.998, respectively. The lower limits of detection for the prepared sensors were 2.5 × 10-6, 2.2 × 10-6, and 2.7 × 10-6 mol L-1. The sensors showed high selectivity and sensitivity for gemcitabine. Validation of the sensors was carried out in accordance with the requirements established by the IUPAC, while being inexpensive and easy to use in drug formulation. A statistical analysis of the methods in comparison with the official method showed that there was no significant difference in accuracy or precision between them. It was shown that the new sensors could selectively and accurately find gemcitabine hydrochloride in bulk powder, pharmaceutical formulations, and quality control tests. The ionophore-based sensor shows several advantages over conventional PVC membrane sensor sensors regrading the lower limit of detection, and higher selectivity towards the target ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal A. E. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (R.A.-S.); (M.W.A.)
| | - Maha F. El-Tohamy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Essam A. Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (R.A.-S.); (M.W.A.)
| | - Rashad Al-Salahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (R.A.-S.); (M.W.A.)
| | - Mohamed W. Attwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (R.A.-S.); (M.W.A.)
| | - Haitham AlRabiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (R.A.-S.); (M.W.A.)
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Draz ME, Saad AS, El Sherbiny D, Wahba MEK. Experimentally designed potentiometric sensor for green real-time and direct assay of hazardous bromate in bakery products. Food Chem 2023; 406:135042. [PMID: 36463604 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Bakeries add extra potassium bromate to the dough to make homogeneous, elastic, fluffy bread. Bromate causes renal damage and cancer. FAO/WHO stated that bromate residues shouldn't be in baked products. A potentiometric sensor's membrane recipe was optimized for sensitive and selective bromate assay. We planned a custom experimental design of 21 sensors that included numerical and categorical factors (NPPE: PVC, matrix%, membrane thickness, and ionophore type). We defined sensor performance outcomes (Nernstian slope, quantification limit, correlation coefficient, response time and selectivity), and each sensor's outcome was determined. The computer software developed a predictive model for each outcome and the desirability function suggested the optimum sensor recipe. The sensor achieved a slope of -63.54 mV/decade and detection limit of 2 × 10-6 mol/L. The greenness profile was evaluated by the National Environmental Approach Index protocol. The developed sensor represents a reliable, fast, in-site tool for the assay of bromate in bakery products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed E Draz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, 35712 Gamasa, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Saad
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt; Medicinal Chemistry Department, PharmD Program, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934 Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Dina El Sherbiny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, 35712 Gamasa, Egypt; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mary E K Wahba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, 35712 Gamasa, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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El-Yazbi A, Sabry S, Moneeb M, Gammal F, Essam HM. Economic Electrochemical Sensors for the Determination of Eszopiclone in Pharmaceutical Formulation with Greenness Profile Assessment. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gassoumi B, Echabaane M, Ben Mohamed FE, Nouar L, Madi F, Karayel A, Ghalla H, Castro ME, Melendez FJ, Özkınalı S, Rouis A, Ben Chaabane R. Azo-methoxy-calix[4]arene complexes with metal cations for chemical sensor applications: Characterization, QTAIM analyses and dispersion-corrected DFT- computations. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 264:120242. [PMID: 34358783 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the structures, quantum chemical descriptors, morphologic characterization of the azo-methoxy-calix[4]arene were investigated. The analyses and interpretation of the theoretical and the experimental IR spectroscopy results for the corresponding compounds was performed. The complexation of the azo-methoxy-calix[4]arene with Zn2+,Hg2+ , Cu2+ , Co2+, Ni2+ , Pb2+ and Cd2+metal cations has been calculated by the dispersion corrected density functional theory (DFT-D3). The values of the interaction energies show that the specific molecule is more selective to the Cu2+ cation. The study of the reactivity parameters confirms that the azo-methoxy-calix[4]arene molecule is more reactive and sensitive to the Cu2+ cation than that Co2+ and Cd2+. In addition, the investigation of the electrophilic and nucleophilic sites has been studied by the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analysis. The Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis of the azo-methoxy-calix[4]arene-Cu2+ interaction have been used to understand the Cu⋯hydrogen-bond donors formed between the cation and the specific compound. The Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) via Non covalent Interaction (NCI) analysis was carried out to demonstrate the nature, the type and the strength of the interaction formed between the Cu2+ cation and the two symmetrical ligands and the cavity. Finally, the chemical sensor properties based on the Si/SiO2/Si3N4/Azo-methoxy-calix[4]arene for detection of Cu2+ cation were studied. Sensing performances are determined with a linear range from 10-5.2 to 10-2.2 M. The Si/SiO2/Si3N4/azo-methoxy-calix[4]arene structure is a promoter to have a good performance sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gassoumi
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Interfaces (LIMA), University of Monastir, Faculty of Science of Monastir,Avenue of Environnment, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - M Echabaane
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Interfaces (LIMA), University of Monastir, Faculty of Science of Monastir,Avenue of Environnment, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia; NANOMISENE Lab, LR16CRMN01, Centre for Research on Microelectronics and Nanotechnology CRMN of Technopark of Sousse, B.P. 334, Sahloul, 4034 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - F E Ben Mohamed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences of AlMikhwah, Al-BAHA University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - L Nouar
- Computational Chemistry and Nanostructures Laboratory, Department of Science matter, faculty of mathematics, computer science and material sciences, University on May 08, 1945, Guelma, Algeria.
| | - F Madi
- Computational Chemistry and Nanostructures Laboratory, Department of Science matter, faculty of mathematics, computer science and material sciences, University on May 08, 1945, Guelma, Algeria
| | - A Karayel
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey
| | - H Ghalla
- Quantum and Statistical Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University of Monastir, 5079 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - M E Castro
- Centro de Química del Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 18 sur y Av. San, Claudio, Col. San Manuel Puebla C. P. 72570 Mexico
| | - F J Melendez
- Lab. de Química Teórica, Centro de Investigación, Depto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Edif. FCQ10, 22 Sur y San Claudio, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. San Manuel, C.P 72570. Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - S Özkınalı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey
| | - A Rouis
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Interfaces (LIMA), University of Monastir, Faculty of Science of Monastir,Avenue of Environnment, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - R Ben Chaabane
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Interfaces (LIMA), University of Monastir, Faculty of Science of Monastir,Avenue of Environnment, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia.
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