Sakellaris G, Blevrakis E, Petrakis I, Dimopoulou A, Dede O, Partalis N, Alegakis A, Seremeti C, Spanaki AM, Briassoulis G. Acute coagulopathy in children with multiple trauma: a retrospective study.
J Emerg Med 2014;
47:539-45. [PMID:
25201343 DOI:
10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.06.018]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Acute coagulopathy associated with trauma has been recognized for decades and is a constituent of the "triad of death" together with hypothermia and acidosis.
STUDY OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine to what extent coagulopathy is already established upon emergency department (ED) admission and the association with the severity of injury, impaired outcome, and mortality.
METHODS
Ninety-one injured children were admitted to the ED in our hospital. Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score were used to estimate injury severity, and organ function was assessed by the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score.
RESULTS
Coagulopathy upon pediatric intensive care unit admission was present in 33 children (39.3%): 21 males and 12 females. PTS ranged from 1 to 12 (mean 8.2) in 51 children without coagulopathy and from -1 to +11 (mean 6.8) in 33 children with coagulopathy (p = 0.087). ISS and GCS ranged from 4 to 57 (mean 28) and from 3 to 11 (mean 7.3), respectively, in the coagulopathy group, whereas in the group without coagulopathy, ISS score ranged from 4 to 41 (mean 20.5; p = 0.08) and GCS from 8 to 15 (mean 12.8; p = 0.01). SOFA ranged from 0 to 10 (mean 3.4) in children without coagulopathy and from 0 to 15 (mean 5.4) in the coagulopathy group (p = 0.002). Among 33 children with coagulopathy, 7 did not survive (21%), all with parenchymal brain damage, whereas all trauma patients without coagulopathy survived (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Acute coagulopathy is present on admission to the ED and is associated with injury severity and significantly higher mortality.
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