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Cheng H, Wu B, Wang S, Wei M, Wang C. Nitrogen application and osmotic stress antagonistically affect wheat seed germination and seedling growth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:1289-1300. [PMID: 33689505 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1895715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition (AtNiDe) and drought stress (DS) have strongly affected plant growth. However, previous research has primarily focused on the effects of AtNiDe with various levels and DS on plant growth (especially seed germination and seedling growth). This study aimed to evaluate the single and combined effects of AtNiDe with four types (compounds: NH4-N, NO3-N, CO(NH2)2-N, and a mixture of the three types of N) and DS (three levels: control, low, and high) on wheat seed germination and seedling growth. The AtNiDe treatment increased wheat seed germination and seedling growth. Mixed N exerted a greater positive effect on wheat seed germination and seedling growth than single N forms. Organic N also had a greater positive effect on wheat seed germination and seedling growth than reduced inorganic N. The DS treatment decreased wheat seed germination and seedling growth. The AtNiDe treatment alleviated the adverse effects of DS on wheat seed germination and seedling growth. Mixed N had the greatest effect on alleviating the adverse effects of DS on wheat seed germination and seedling growth. Thus, AtNiDe and DS antagonistically affected wheat seed germination and seedling growth. NOVELTY STATEMENT This study assessed the single and combined effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition with four types and drought stress at three levels on wheat seed germination and seedling growth. Generally, nitrogen and drought antagonistically affected wheat seed germination and seedling growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Cheng
- Institute of Environment and Ecology and School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Bingde Wu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology and School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology and School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mei Wei
- Institute of Environment and Ecology and School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Congyan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology and School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Cheng H, Wu B, Yu Y, Wang S, Wei M, Wang C, Du D. The allelopathy of horseweed with different invasion degrees in three provinces along the Yangtze River in China. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:483-495. [PMID: 33854278 PMCID: PMC7981341 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-00962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The effect of allelopathy from invasive alien plants (IAPs) on native species is one of the main factors for their adaptation and diffusion. IAPs can have different degrees of invasion under natural succession and are distributed in numerous regions. Seed germination and seedling growth (SGe-SGr) play a crucial role in population recruitment. Thus, it is critical to illustrate the differences in the allelopathy caused by an IAP with different degrees of invasion in numerous regions on SGe-SGr of native species to describe the primary force behind their adaptation and diffusion. This study assessed the allelopathy of the notorious IAP horseweed (Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.) on SGe-SGr of the native lettuce species (Lactuca sativa L.) under different degrees of invasion (light degree of invasion and heavy degree of invasion) in three provinces (Jiangsu, Anhui, and Hubei) along the Yangtze River in China. The allelopathy of horseweed leaf extract on lettuce SGe-SGr remarkably increased with the increased degree of invasion, which may be due to the buildup of allelochemicals generated by horseweed with a heavy degree of invasion compared with a light degree of invasion. A high concentration of horseweed leaf extract resulted in noticeably stronger allelopathy on lettuce SGe-SGr compared to the extract with a low concentration. There are noticeable differences in the allelopathy of the extract of horseweed leaves from different provinces on lettuce SGe-SGr with the following order i.e. Jiangsu > Hubei > Anhui. This may be due to the high latitudes for the three sampling sites in Jiangsu compared with the latitudes for the collection sites in Hubei and Anhui. There are certain differences in the environments among the three provinces. Thus, the allelopathy of horseweed on SGe-SGr of lettuce may have a greater negative impact in Jiangsu compared to the other two provinces. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-00962-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Cheng
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
| | - Bingde Wu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, 657000 China
| | - Youli Yu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
| | - Shu Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
| | - Mei Wei
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
| | - Congyan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
| | - Daolin Du
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
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Wei M, Wang S, Wu B, Cheng H, Wang C. Heavy metal pollution improves allelopathic effects of Canada goldenrod on lettuce germination. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:832-838. [PMID: 32335983 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of heavy metals have been released into the environment. Thus, the allelopathic effects of invasive alien species on the germination performance of co-occurring indigenous species may be altered or even heightened with the rapid growth in heavy metal pollution. This study evaluated the impacts of Canada goldenrod (Solidago canadensis L.) leaf extracts at concentrations of 0, 10 or 20 gl 1 on the germination of lettuce under different forms of heavy metal pollution (Cu2+ , Pb2+ or a combination of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ; 35 mgl 1) during incubation in Petri dishes for 10 days. Goldenrod leaf extracts (high concentration) reduced growth of aboveground and belowground parts of lettuce as well as competition for light and soil nutrients. However, low concentrations of goldenrod leaf extracts dramatically improved growth of lettuce roots, competition for light, soil nutrient availability, leaf photosynthetic area and growth competitiveness. The combination of goldenrod leaf extracts and heavy metal pollution was synergistic on most lettuce germination parameters, probably because high concentrations of goldenrod leaf extracts together with heavy metal pollution had a synergistic negative impact on lettuce germination. Consequently, increased levels of heavy metal pollution may favour invasion of invasive alien species while largely suppressing germination of indigenous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wei
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - S Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - B Wu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - H Cheng
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - C Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Wei M, Wang S, Wu B, Cheng H, Wang C. Combined allelopathy of Canada goldenrod and horseweed on the seed germination and seedling growth performance of lettuce. LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11355-020-00421-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ayi Q, Zeng B, Liu J, Shi S, Niu H, Lin F, Zhang Y. Seed sojourn and fast viability loss constrain seedling production of a prominent riparian protection plant Salix variegata Franch. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37312. [PMID: 27881868 PMCID: PMC5121584 DOI: 10.1038/srep37312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Salix variegata Franch, a prominent plant applied in riparian shelter vegetation in Three Gorges reservoir region of China, produces many seeds every year but generates only a few or no seedlings. Whether the low seedling production of S. variegata is caused by seed sterility or by rapid loss of seed viability remains unknown. We investigated the sojourn time of mature seeds in capsules produced in early, mid, and late reproductive season and the germinability of mature seeds fresh or stored after different period of time. The sojourn time of seeds in capsules was 2.89, 3.95, and 4.72 days in early, mid, and late reproductive season, respectively. The maximal germination percentage of non-stored fresh seeds produced in early, mid, and late reproductive season was 93.33%, 78.67%, and 40%, respectively, which indicates mature seeds were not sterile. The longest viability-retaining time of seeds produced in early, mid, and late reproductive season was only 8, 16, 16 days, respectively, indicating that mature seeds of S. variegata lost viability very rapidly. Mature seeds possessed good viability, but their rapid viability loss caused the low seedling production and hampered the population growth of S. variegata in the riparian area of Three Gorges reservoir region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Ayi
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Shaohua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Hangang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Feng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yeyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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