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Kucera J, Kremser K, Bouchal P, Potesil D, Vaculovic T, Vsiansky D, Guebitz GM, Mandl M. Proteomic Insights into the Adaptation of Acidithiobacillus ferridurans to Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Residues for Enhanced Bioleaching Efficiency. J Proteome Res 2025; 24:2243-2255. [PMID: 40202717 PMCID: PMC12053936 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 11/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2025] [Indexed: 04/10/2025]
Abstract
Acidithiobacillus spp. have traditionally been utilized to extract metals from mineral ores through bioleaching. This process has recently expanded to include artificial ores, such as those derived from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) residues. Previous studies have indicated that microbial adaptation enhances bioleaching efficiency, prompting this study to identify proteins involved in the adaptation of A. ferridurans to MSWI residues. We employed data-independent acquisition-parallel accumulation serial fragmentation to determine the proteomic response of A. ferridurans DSM 583 to three distinct materials: bottom ash (BA), kettle ash (KA), and filter ash (FA), which represent typical MSWI residues. Our findings indicate that, irrespective of the residue type, a suite of membrane transporters, porins, efflux pumps, and specific electron and cation transfer proteins was notably upregulated. The upregulation of certain proteins involved in anaerobic pathways suggested the development of a spontaneous microaerobic environment, which minimally impacted the bioleaching efficiency. Additionally, the adaptation was most efficient at half the target FA concentration, marked by a significant increase in the detoxification and efflux systems required by microorganisms to tolerate high heavy metal concentrations. Given that metal recovery peaked at lower FA concentrations for most metals of interest, further adaptation at the level of protein expression may not be warranted for improved bioleaching outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Kucera
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk
University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Klemens Kremser
- University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna BOKU, Department of
Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute
of Environmental Biotechnology, Tulln and der Donau 3430, Austria
| | - Pavel Bouchal
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk
University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - David Potesil
- Proteomics
Core Facility, Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Vaculovic
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk
University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Vsiansky
- Department
of Geological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 611 37, Czech Republic
| | - Georg M. Guebitz
- University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna BOKU, Department of
Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute
of Environmental Biotechnology, Tulln and der Donau 3430, Austria
| | - Martin Mandl
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk
University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
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Magrini C, Verga F, Bassani I, Pirri CF, Abdel Azim A. A Microbial-Centric View of Mobile Phones: Enhancing the Technological Feasibility of Biotechnological Recovery of Critical Metals. Bioengineering (Basel) 2025; 12:101. [PMID: 40001621 PMCID: PMC11852156 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering12020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 01/15/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
End-of-life (EoL) mobile phones represent a valuable reservoir of critical raw materials at higher concentrations compared to primary ores. This review emphasizes the critical need to transition from single-material recovery approaches to comprehensive, holistic strategies for recycling EoL mobile phones. In response to the call for sustainable techniques with reduced energy consumption and pollutant emissions, biohydrometallurgy emerges as a promising solution. The present work intends to review the most relevant studies focusing on the exploitation of microbial consortia in bioleaching and biorecovery processes. All living organisms need macro- and micronutrients for their metabolic functionalities, including some of the elements contained in mobile phones. By exploring the interactions between microbial communities and the diverse elements found in mobile phones, this paper establishes a microbial-centric perspective by connecting each element of each layer to their role in the microbial cell system. A special focus is dedicated to the concepts of ecodesign and modularity as key requirements in electronics to potentially increase selectivity of microbial consortia in the bioleaching process. By bridging microbial science with sustainable design, this review proposes an innovative roadmap to optimize metal recovery, aligning with the principles of the circular economy and advancing scalable biotechnological solutions for electronic waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Magrini
- Politecnico di Torino, Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), 10129 Turin, Italy; (C.M.); (F.V.)
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 10144 Turin, Italy; (I.B.); (C.F.P.)
| | - Francesca Verga
- Politecnico di Torino, Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), 10129 Turin, Italy; (C.M.); (F.V.)
| | - Ilaria Bassani
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 10144 Turin, Italy; (I.B.); (C.F.P.)
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 10144 Turin, Italy; (I.B.); (C.F.P.)
- Politecnico di Torino, Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Annalisa Abdel Azim
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 10144 Turin, Italy; (I.B.); (C.F.P.)
- Politecnico di Torino, Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), 10129 Turin, Italy
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3
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Golzar-Ahmadi M, Bahaloo-Horeh N, Pourhossein F, Norouzi F, Schoenberger N, Hintersatz C, Chakankar M, Holuszko M, Kaksonen AH. Pathway to industrial application of heterotrophic organisms in critical metals recycling from e-waste. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 77:108438. [PMID: 39218325 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The transition to renewable energies and electric vehicles has triggered an unprecedented demand for metals. Sustainable development of these technologies relies on effectively managing the lifecycle of critical raw materials, including their responsible sourcing, efficient use, and recycling. Metal recycling from electronic waste (e-waste) is of paramount importance owing to ore-exceeding amounts of critical elements and high toxicity of heavy metals and organic pollutants in e-waste to the natural ecosystem and human body. Heterotrophic microbes secrete numerous metal-binding biomolecules such as organic acids, amino acids, cyanide, siderophores, peptides, and biosurfactants which can be utilized for eco-friendly and profitable metal recycling. In this review paper, we presented a critical review of heterotrophic organisms in biomining, and current barriers hampering the industrial application of organic acid bioleaching and biocyanide leaching. We also discussed how these challenges can be surmounted with simple methods (e.g., culture media optimization, separation of microbial growth and metal extraction process) and state-of-the-art biological approaches (e.g., artificial microbial community, synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, advanced fermentation strategies, and biofilm engineering). Lastly, we showcased emerging technologies (e.g., artificially synthesized peptides, siderophores, and biosurfactants) derived from heterotrophs with the potential for inexpensive, low-impact, selective and advanced metal recovery from bioleaching solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Golzar-Ahmadi
- Norman B. Keevil Institute of Mining Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Fatemeh Pourhossein
- Research Centre for Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Forough Norouzi
- Norman B. Keevil Institute of Mining Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nora Schoenberger
- Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Hintersatz
- Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mital Chakankar
- Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Holuszko
- Norman B. Keevil Institute of Mining Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Anna H Kaksonen
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Environment, Western Australia, Australia.
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4
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Tezyapar Kara I, Huntington VE, Simmons N, Wagland ST, Coulon F. Extracting metal ions from basic oxygen steelmaking dust by using bio-hydrometallurgy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32437. [PMID: 38933961 PMCID: PMC11200337 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to optimise metal extraction from secondary hazardous sources, such as basic oxygen steelmaking dust (BOS-D). Initially, three batch systems approaches, including bioleaching using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, chemical leaching using choline chloride-ethylene glycol (ChCl-EG) and a combined approach were compared. Then, scaling up was evaluated through a semi-continuous bioleaching column system with varied leachate recirculation over 21 days, focusing on Y, Ce, Nd, Li, Co, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Al. Bioleaching outperformed the control experiments within 3 days in the batch, demonstrating the key role of A. ferrooxidans. Chemical leaching conducted with a solid concentration of 12.5 % (w/v) successfully dissolved over 50 % of all metals within 2 h. For rare earth elements (REE), both bioleaching and hybrid leaching outperformed chemical leaching. However, considering factors such as process duration, overall efficiency, and ease of extraction, chemical leaching was the most effective method. Leachate recirculation reached a plateau after 11 days, resulting in extraction efficiency of 39 % when semi-continuous column set-up was used. Interestingly, variations in recirculation rates did not influence the extraction efficiency. Overall, this study emphasizes the considerable potential of bioleaching for metal recovery, but also highlights the need for further studies for enhancing permeability for percolation methods and optimisation, particularly in parameters such as aeration rate, when transitioning to larger scale systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Tezyapar Kara
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, MK430AL, UK
| | | | - Nuannat Simmons
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, MK430AL, UK
| | - Stuart T. Wagland
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, MK430AL, UK
| | - Frederic Coulon
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, MK430AL, UK
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5
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Kara IT, Simmons N, Wagland ST, Coulon F. Unlocking the hidden value of industrial by-products: Optimisation of bioleaching to extract metals from basic oxygen steelmaking dust and goethite. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 343:140244. [PMID: 37758076 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the potential of bioleaching to extract valuable metals from industrial by-products, specifically basic oxygen steelmaking dust (BOS-D) and goethite was investigated. These materials are typically discarded due to their high zinc content and lack of efficient regeneration processes. By using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, successful bioleaching of various metals, including heavy metals, critical metals, and rare earth elements was achieved. The Taguchi orthogonal array design was used to optimise the bioleaching process, considering four variables at three different levels. After 14 days, the highest metal extraction for the BOS-D (11.2 mg Zn/g, 3.2 mg Mn/g, 1.6 mg Al/g, 0.0013 mg Y/g, and 0.0026 mg Ce/g) was achieved at 1% solid concentration, 1% energy source concentration, 1% inoculum concentration, and pH 1.5. For goethite, the optimal conditions were 1% solid concentration, 4% energy source concentration, 10% inoculum concentration, and pH 2 resulting in a extraction of 26.6 mg Zn/g, 2.1 mg/g Mn, 1.8 mg Al/g, 0.01 mg Co/g, 0.0022 mg Y/g. These findings are significant, as they demonstrate the potential to extract valuable metals from previously discarded industrial by-products. The extraction of such metals can have substantial economic and environmental implications, while simultaneously reducing waste in the metallurgical industry. Furthermore, the preservation of initial concentration of iron in both BOS-D and goethite residues represents a significant step towards implementing more sustainable industrial practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Tezyapar Kara
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Nuannat Simmons
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Stuart T Wagland
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Frederic Coulon
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK.
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6
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Naseri T, Beiki V, Mousavi SM, Farnaud S. A comprehensive review of bioleaching optimization by statistical approaches: recycling mechanisms, factors affecting, challenges, and sustainability. RSC Adv 2023; 13:23570-23589. [PMID: 37555097 PMCID: PMC10404936 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03498d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A serious environmental problem is associated with the accumulation of solid waste on the Earth. Researchers are encouraged to find an efficient and sustainable method to recover highly profitable heavy metals and precious and base metals. Bioleaching is a green method of recovering valuable metals from solid waste. Optimizing the variables and conditions of the bioleaching process is crucial to achieving maximum metal recovery most cost-effectively. The conventional optimization method (one factor at a time) is well-studied. However, it has some drawbacks, such as the necessity of more experiments, the need to spend more time, and the inability to illuminate the synergistic effect of the variables. Optimization studies are increasingly utilizing response surface methodology (RSM) because it provides details about the interaction effects of variables with fewer experiments. This review discusses the application of RSM for bioleaching experiments from other solid wastes. It discusses the Central Composite and Box-Behnken designs as the most commonly used designs for optimizing bioleaching methods. The most influential factors for increasing the heavy metal recovery rate in applying RSM using the bioleaching process are recognized, and some suggestions are made for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Naseri
- Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran +98-21-82884931 +98-21-82884917
| | - Vahid Beiki
- Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran +98-21-82884931 +98-21-82884917
| | - Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran +98-21-82884931 +98-21-82884917
- Modares Environmental Research Institute, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | - Sebastien Farnaud
- CSELS, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University Coventry UK
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7
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Saldaña M, Jeldres M, Galleguillos Madrid FM, Gallegos S, Salazar I, Robles P, Toro N. Bioleaching Modeling-A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103812. [PMID: 37241440 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The leaching of minerals is one of the main unit operations in the metal dissolution process, and in turn it is a process that generates fewer environmental liabilities compared to pyrometallurgical processes. As an alternative to conventional leaching methods, the use of microorganisms in mineral treatment processes has become widespread in recent decades, due to advantages such as the non-production of emissions or pollution, energy savings, low process costs, products compatible with the environment, and increases in the benefit of low-grade mining deposits. The purpose of this work is to introduce the theoretical foundations associated with modeling the process of bioleaching, mainly the modeling of mineral recovery rates. The different models are collected from models based on conventional leaching dynamics modeling, based on the shrinking core model, where the oxidation process is controlled by diffusion, chemically, or by film diffusion until bioleaching models based on statistical analysis are presented, such as the surface response methodology or the application of machine learning algorithms. Although bioleaching modeling (independent of modeling techniques) of industrial (or large-scale mined) minerals is a fairly developed area, bioleaching modeling applied to rare earth elements is a field with great growth potential in the coming years, as in general bioleaching has the potential to be a more sustainable and environmentally friendly mining method than traditional mining methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Saldaña
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Arturo Prat University, Iquique 1110939, Chile
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Procesos de Minerales, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
| | - Matías Jeldres
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Procesos de Minerales, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
| | | | - Sandra Gallegos
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Arturo Prat University, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Iván Salazar
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile
| | - Pedro Robles
- Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Norman Toro
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Arturo Prat University, Iquique 1110939, Chile
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Srichandan H, Singh PK, Parhi PK, Mohanty P, Adhya TK, Pattnaik R, Mishra S, Hota PK. Environmental remediation using metals and inorganic and organic materials: a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2022; 40:197-226. [PMID: 35895918 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2022.2065871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, environmental pollution has been an alarming concern. This is increasing day-in-and-day-out, especially in the Asia-Pacific region due to the increasing population, urbanization, industrialization and inappropriate waste management measures. Pollution abatement is the need of the hour to sustain the biosphere in general and the human life in particular. A range of physical, chemical and biological strategies are commonly employed to remove pollutants from the contained water, soil and air. Physical, chemical or physicochemical remediation processes are commonly employed owing to their high efficiency, stability, recyclable property and low procurement cost as compared to metals, inorganic and organic materials. Materials of the later type include biocomposites, thin films, modified (bio)polymers, nanoparticles, nanofilters, sorbent like activated charcoal, and carbon nanotubes and nanosensors. Remediation mechanism largely follows sorption, degradation, oxidation, reduction, catalytic conversion, detection and microbial toxicity principles. This review details the mechanisms of action by these various remediating entities, their successful applications in pollution abatement, drawbacks and future prospects.HighlightsEnvironmental remediation using metals, inorganic and organic materials are discussed extensively.Major remediating approaches, viz., physical, physicochemical and chemical are elaborated citing latest references.The significance of biocomposites, biopolymers, polymers, thin films, nanoparticles, nanofilters, nanosensors and sorbents in remediation are highlighted.Pollutant removal from water, air and soil has been precisely discussed.A note on drawbacks, improvement and future prospects of remediating agents is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haragobinda Srichandan
- Bioenergy Lab, BDTC, School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Puneet Kumar Singh
- Bioenergy Lab, BDTC, School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Pratikhya Mohanty
- Bioenergy Lab, BDTC, School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Adhya
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Ritesh Pattnaik
- Bioenergy Lab, BDTC, School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Snehasish Mishra
- Bioenergy Lab, BDTC, School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Hota
- Department of Chemistry, Odapada Panchayat Samiti Mahavidyalaya, Dhenkanal,India
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Abstract
The spent automobile catalysts (SAC) is the major secondary source of palladium and the production of SAC is increasing rapidly over years. The price of palladium keeps rising over the years, which demonstrates its preciousness and urgent industrial demand. Recovering palladium from the spent automobile catalysts benefits a lot from economic and environmental protection aspects. This review aims to provide some new considerations of recovering palladium from the spent automotive catalysts by summarizing and discussing both hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical methods. The processes of pretreatment, leaching/extraction, and separation/recovery of palladium from the spent catalysts are introduced, and related reaction mechanisms and process flows are given, especially detailed for hydrometallurgical methods. Hydrometallurgical methods such as chloride leaching with oxidants possess a high selectivity of palladium and low consumption of energy, and are cost-effective and flexible for different volume feeds compared with pyrometallurgical methods. The recovery ratios of palladium and other platinum-group metals should be the focus of competition since their prices have been rapidly increased over the years, and hence more efficient extractants with high selectivity of palladium even in the complexed leachate should be proposed in the future.
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Bioleaching and Selective Precipitation for Metal Recovery from Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreasing ore grades and an increasing consumption of metals has led to a shortage of important primary raw materials. Therefore, the urban mining of different deposits and anthropogenic stocks is of increasing interest. Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag is produced in huge quantities with the so-called Linz-Donawitz process and contains up to 5.2, 0.9, 0.1, and 0.07% of Mn, Al, Cr, and V, respectively. In the present study, sulfur-oxidizing Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and iron- and sulfur-oxidizing Acidithiobacillus ferridurans were applied in batch and stirred tank experiments to investigate the biological extraction of metals from BOF slag. In the batch experiments, up to 96.6, 52.8, 41.6, and 29.3% of Cr, Al, Mn, and V, respectively, were recovered. The stirred tank experiments, with increasing slag concentrations from 10 to 75 g/L, resulted in higher extraction efficiencies for A. ferridurans and lower acid consumption. Selective metal precipitation was performed at pH values ranging between 2.5 and 5.0 to study the recovery of Mn, Al, Cr, and V from the biolixiviant. Selective precipitation of V and Cr was achieved at pH 4.0 from A. thiooxidans biolixiviant, while Fe and V could be selectively recovered from A. ferridurans biolixiviant at pH 3.0. This work revealed the potential of BOF slag as an artificial ore for urban mining and demonstrated that combining bioleaching and selective precipitation is an effective method for sustainable metal recovery.
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11
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Srichandan H, Mishra S, Singh PK, Blight K, Singh S. Sequential-Anaerobic and Sequential-Aerobic Bioleaching of Metals (Ni, Mo, Al and V) from Spent Petroleum Catalyst in Stirred Tank Batch Reactor: A Comparative Study. Indian J Microbiol 2022; 62:70-78. [PMID: 35068606 PMCID: PMC8758881 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-021-00978-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Spent petroleum catalyst as a repository of several toxic metals is recommended for metal removal before safe disposal. To evaluate an effective biotechnological approach for metal removal, a comparative study between sequential-aerobic and sequential-anaerobic bioleaching processes was conducted for the removal of metals from crushed-acetone-pretreated spent petroleum catalyst. The SEM-EDX and XPS analysis confirmed the presence of Ni, Al, Mo and V in their oxidic and sulphidic forms in spent catalyst. The bioleaching experiments were performed in stirred tank batch reactors (2.5 L), temperature 30 °C, pH 1.4 and stirring speed 250 rpm for the period of 160 h. Sulfuric acid acted as lechant for both sequential-aerobic (Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans oxidised sulfur to sulfuric acid aerobically) and sequential-anaerobic (Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans oxidised sulphur to sulfuric acid coupled with the ferric reduction to ferrous anaerobically) bioleaching studies. The higher Ni and V extractions compared to Al and Mo for all the studies were due to increased solubility of Ni and V, and supported by XPS which showed marginal signs of Ni and V peaks in leach residues compared to feed spent catalyst. At the end (320 h), sequential-aerobic bioleaching was resulted to 99% Ni, 65% Al, 90% Mo and 99% V extraction quite more effective than sequential-anaerobic bioleaching (88% Ni, 28% Al, 33% Mo and 77% V) and sequential-control leaching (94% Ni, 20% Al, 40% Mo and 57% V). Although anaerobic bioleaching a possible approach, aerobic condition was found to be more suitable for sulfuric acid generation by A. ferrooxidans and high yield. So aerobic bioleaching is recommended to be favourable approach compared to anaerobic counterpart for future study and extrapolation. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-021-00978-8.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Snehasish Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT (Deemed University), Patia, Bhubaneswar, 751024 India
| | - Puneet Kumar Singh
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT (Deemed University), Patia, Bhubaneswar, 751024 India
| | - Kyle Blight
- Chemistry Department, Murdoch University, South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
| | - Sradhanjali Singh
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, 44020 Nagpur, India
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12
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Zhao B, Wang C, Bian H. A "Wastes-Treat-Wastes" Technology: Role and Potential of Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalysts Assisted Pyrolysis of Discarded Car Tires. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2732. [PMID: 34451271 PMCID: PMC8400092 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Spent fluid catalytic cracking catalysts (FCC catalysts) produced by the petrochemical industry are considered to be environmentally hazardous waste, and precious metals and heavy metals deposited on the surface make them difficult to treat. Even so, these catalysts retain some of their activity. The pyrolysis of waste tires is considered to be one of the most effective ways to solve the fossil fuel resource crisis, and this study attempts to catalyze the pyrolysis of waste tires using spent catalysts to increase the value of both types of waste. FCC catalysts reduced the activation energy (E) of waste tire pyrolysis. When the catalyst dosage was 30 wt.%, the E of tread rubber decreased from 238.87 kJ/mol to 181.24 kJ/mol, which was a 19.94% reduction. The E of the inner liner decreased from 288.03 kJ/mol to 209.12 kJ/mol, a 27.4% reduction. The spent catalyst was more effective in reducing the E and solid yield of the inner liner made of synthetic rubber. It should be emphasized that an appropriate increase in the heating rate can fully exert the selectivity of the catalyst. The catalyst could also be effectively used twice, and the optimum ratio of catalyst/waste tires was about 1/4.5. Compared with specially prepared catalysts, it is more cost-effective to use such wastes as a catalyst for waste tire pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baishun Zhao
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing and School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chuansheng Wang
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;
| | - Huiguang Bian
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;
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Recovery of nickel and molybdate from ammoniacal leach liquor of spent hydrodesulfurization catalyst using LIX84 extraction. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Golzar-Ahmadi M, Mousavi SM. Extraction of valuable metals from discarded AMOLED displays in smartphones using Bacillus foraminis as an alkali-tolerant strain. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 131:226-236. [PMID: 34171827 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the alarming rate of e-waste generation, resource recovery from secondary metal sources is essential for sustainable resource utilization and to prevent the release of potentially toxic elements into the environment. In the current study, the first-time extraction of Ag, Mo, and Cu from active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) screens of discarded smartphones have been achieved using organic acids produced by Bacillus foraminis cultured on a modified Horikoshi medium. The influences of initial pH, inoculation size, and pulp density on the bioleaching process were evaluated over six-day experiment. Maximum extraction of Ag, Mo, and Cu (100, 56.8, and 41.4%) at optimal values of three investigated factors was obtained over a 12-day bioleaching experiment. A diverse assemblage of organic acid was produced in the optimized bioleaching condition, including tartaric (12.1 mM), formic (49.8 mM), acetic (21.5 mM), lactic (78.5 mM), citric (2.7 mM), and propionic (69.6 mM) acid. The contact angle analysis highlighted more hydrophobicity of powder after the bioleaching. FTIR and CHNO data also confirmed the role of bioleaching in the powder wettability alteration. The sequential extraction method revealed high mobility of In, Fe, Co, Cu, Cr, and Mo and low mobility of Ag. The results exhibited high tolerance of alkali-tolerant bacteria to potentially toxic elements and its superior performance in the bioleaching of discarded mobile screens at high pulp density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Golzar-Ahmadi
- Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Modares Environmental Research Institute, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Pathak A, Kothari R, Vinoba M, Habibi N, Tyagi VV. Fungal bioleaching of metals from refinery spent catalysts: A critical review of current research, challenges, and future directions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 280:111789. [PMID: 33370668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum refining operations such as hydroprocessing and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) generate huge quantities of spent catalysts containing toxic and valuable metals (Ni, V, Mo, Co, W, Al, etc.), the management of which is a serious environmental issue. Besides environmental concerns, the different metals present in the spent catalysts are also a valuable commodity to modern industries. Therefore, these spent catalysts also provide an opportunity to use it as a source of value to the refiners. In recent years, a biotechnological based leaching process 'bioleaching' has emerged as a promising eco-friendly technique for the extraction of metals from these refinery spent catalysts. Among various bioleaching agents such as archean, bacterial, or fungi, the process mediated by the fungi (Aspergillus niger, Penicillium simplicissimum, and many others) is gaining attention owing to the high metal extraction ability of the various fungal produced metabolites (organic acids) under moderately acidic conditions. Furthermore, the ability of these fungi to withstand wide process conditions (pH, spent catalyst concentration, substrate types, etc.), high metal toxicity and use of low-cost organic substrate make them an ideal candidate for bioleaching. In this review article, we shed light on the role and mechanisms of fungi involved in extracting different metals from spent hydroprocessing and FCC catalysts. Key process parameters that affect the efficiency of fungal based bioleaching are discussed. The techno-economic challenges associated with the process are elaborated, and the needed future research directions to promote its commercial applications are highlighted. Based on our analysis, it can be argued that the fungi bioleaching has potential, however, some challenges (slower kinetics, and health and safety) should be addressed before the process can be scaled up for the commercial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Pathak
- Petroleum Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait.
| | - Richa Kothari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Samba, 181143, (J&K), India; Department of Environmental Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Mari Vinoba
- Petroleum Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
| | - Nazima Habibi
- Environment & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
| | - V V Tyagi
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Kakryal, Katra, J&K, 182320, India; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 80200, Saudi Arabia
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Srichandan H, Mohapatra RK, Singh PK, Mishra S, Parhi PK, Naik K. Column bioleaching applications, process development, mechanism, parametric effect and modelling: A review. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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17
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Qiu C, Bi Y, Zheng J, Wang D, Wang C, Liu N, Wang S, Sun L. Effect of ozonation treatment on the chemical speciation distributions of heavy metals in sewage sludge and subsequent bioleaching process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:19946-19954. [PMID: 32232754 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08539-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effect of ozonation treatment on the chemical form distributions of heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) in sewage sludge (SS) and bioleaching efficiency was investigated. The results showed that the portions of heavy metals present in the oxidizable fraction decreased in the ozonized sewage sludge (OSS). Meanwhile, the proportions of most heavy metals in the reducible fraction were increased (Cr, Ni, Cu, As, and Pb) or remained constant (Mn and Cd) after ozonation treatment. Slight increase of the heavy metals (except As) in the residual fraction was also found. The OSS showed lower final pH value after bioleaching and faster increase of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) during bioleaching process. As a result, the bioleaching rate of all the heavy metals was improved, and the solubilization efficiency of Cr, Ni, Zn, As, and Pb was increased in OSS. The comparisons of the chemical fractions in the bioleached SS and OSS indicated that the higher solubilization in OSS might be mainly due to the decrease of the oxidizable fraction and increase of the unstable fraction of these heavy metals after ozonation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Qiu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jinjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Bi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxin Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jinjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jinjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Nannan Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jinjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaopo Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jinjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Sun
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jinjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqueous Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
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Rivas-Castillo AM, Rojas-Avelizapa NG. Enfoques microbiológicos para el tratamiento de catalizadores agotados. TIP REVISTA ESPECIALIZADA EN CIENCIAS QUÍMICO-BIOLÓGICAS 2020. [DOI: 10.22201/fesz.23958723e.2020.0.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Los catalizadores, homogéneos o heterogéneos, son ampliamente utilizados para una gran variedad de procesos industriales, con el fin de producir combustibles limpios y muchos otros productos valiosos, siendo los catalizadores agotados provenientes del hidroprocesamiento los mayores residuos sólidos de la industria de la refinería y la contribución principal a la generación de catalizadores agotados. Debido a su naturaleza peligrosa, el tratamiento y la recuperación de metales de este tipo de residuos han ganado cada vez más importancia, debido al agotamiento de los recursos naturales y a la contaminación ambiental. Aunque ya existen técnicas disponibles para estos fines, éstas generan grandes volúmenes de desechos potencialmente peligrosos y producen emisiones de gases nocivos. Por lo tanto, las técnicas biotecnológicas pueden representar una alternativa promisoria para el biotratamiento y la recuperación de metales contenidos en los catalizadores agotados. Con este fin, se han analizado diversos microorganismos, que comprenden bacterias, arqueobacterias y hongos, capacitados para facilitar la eliminación de losmetales contenidos en estoscatalizadores. En estarevisión se presenta un amplio escenario sobre los avances con respecto al manejo de los catalizadores agotados y su tratamiento tradicional, seguido de una descripción detallada sobre los enfoques microbiológicos reportados hasta la actualidad.
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