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Fan L, Han X, Li L, Liu H, Ge T, Wang X, Wang Q, Du H, Su L, Yao X, Wang X. Indoor air quality of urban public transportation stations in China: Based on air quality evaluation indexes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119440. [PMID: 37939468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Indoor air quality (IAQ) of urban public transportation stations (UPTS) has adverse health impacts on the station employees and commuters. However, there is a lack of comprehensively evaluations of IAQ in waiting rooms of UPTS. Therefore, it is crucial to select appropriate air quality indexes (including fuzzy synthetic index (B), comprehensive index (P), I1 index, and indoor air quality index (IAQI)) to assess air quality and potential health risks. Our study is a subsample of the CPPEHS 2019 study, which included 224 UPTS in 126 cities of China. We found that P index showed an excellent air quality rate of 95.96% in the railway stations and 83.19% in the inter-city bus stations. The P index was correlated with UPTS usage years, useable area, and per passenger useable area. Furthermore, waiting rooms in UPTS with good (OR = 1.9187, 95% CI: 1.1204, 3.2859) and bad (OR = 2.0854, 95% CI: 1.2182, 3.5698) air quality evaluated by P index had a higher risk of rhinitis compared to those with excellent air quality. Similarly, UPTS with good (OR = 2.2202, 95% CI: 1.3427, 3.6711), bad (OR = 1.7897, 95% CI: 1.0807, 2.9637), and serious (OR = 1.7478, 95% CI: 1.0098, 3.0250) air quality evaluated by P index were associated with a higher risk of pharyngitis. These findings suggested that P index is the optimal index for assessing air quality in UPTS, while IAQI may exaggerate indoor air pollution and the B index may underestimate it. Overall, this study aims to identify and evaluate the more suitable air quality index (P) in nationwide UPTS, providing valuable insights for control of IAQ and guiding the air quality management and standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fan
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Xu Han
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Li Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Hang Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tanxi Ge
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xinqi Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Qin Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Hang Du
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Liqin Su
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Yao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xianliang Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Al-Khatib IA, Al-Jabari M, Al-Oqaili M. Assessment of Bacteriological Quality and Physiochemical Parameters of Domestic Water Sources in Jenin Governorate: A Case Study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 2023:8000728. [PMID: 37470053 PMCID: PMC10353905 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8000728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Water quality of drinking water is a concern in Palestine due to possible pollution sources. There is a demand for investigating the quality of municipal water supply. This study aimed to assess the quality of domestic water in Jenin Governorate located in the north of the West Bank. The methodology of this research was based on field sampling and laboratory standard testing. The tested parameters included (1) physicochemical parameters of electrical conductivity, turbidity, total hardness, salinity, pH, and total alkalinity, (2) chemical contents including the contents of nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, chloride, sodium, potassium, aluminum, and fluoride, and (3) biological contents including total coliforms and fecal coliforms. The water quality parameters were compared with the acceptable limits set by local and international standards. The findings confirm that most of the values of the investigated parameters are within the acceptable standard limits. No pollution of heavy metals is detectable. On the other hand, there are limited pollution contents in terms of the total dissolved solid (TDS), total hardness, and calcium. Furthermore, the biological parameters indicate that there are low to very high risks in a fraction of the water quality samples in terms of total coliforms and fecal coliforms. This is believed to be due to the presence of septic tanks in the neighborhoods of the sampling locations. For these cases, biological disinfection treatments are recommended before human use with an essential need for the construction of urban sewer systems. Furthermore, water treatment for harness removal may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issam A. Al-Khatib
- Institute of Environmental and Water Studies, Birzeit University, Birzeit, State of Palestine
| | - Maher Al-Jabari
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, West Bank, State of Palestine
| | - Mahmoud Al-Oqaili
- Universal Institute of Applied and Health Research, Nablus, State of Palestine
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Ardila A, Rodriguez MJ, Pelletier G. Spatiotemporal optimization of water quality degradation monitoring in water distribution systems supplied by surface sources: A chronological and critical review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 337:117734. [PMID: 36996548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Drinking water may undergo spatiotemporal changes in quality as it leaves the treatment plant and enters the distribution system. This variability means that not all consumers receive water of the same quality. Monitoring water quality in distribution networks makes it possible to verify the compliance of current regulations and reduce consumption risks associated with water quality degradation. An inaccurate interpretation of the spatiotemporal variability of water quality affects the selection of monitoring locations and the sampling frequency, which may conceal problems with the water quality and increase consumers' risk. This paper presents a chronological and critical review of the literature on the evolution, benefits and limitations of methodologies for the optimization of water quality degradation monitoring in water distribution systems supplied by surface sources. This review compares the different methodologies and examines the types of approaches, optimization objectives, variables, and types of spatial and temporal analysis, as well as the main advantages and limitations. A cost-benefit analysis was conducted to assess applicability in different-sized municipalities (small, medium and large). Future research recommendations for optimal water quality monitoring in distribution networks are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Ardila
- Graduate School of Land Planning and Regional Development, Faculty of Planning, Architecture, Art and Design, Université Laval, CA, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Manuel J Rodriguez
- Graduate School of Land Planning and Regional Development, Faculty of Planning, Architecture, Art and Design, Université Laval, CA, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Geneviève Pelletier
- Department of Civil and Water Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Université Laval, CA, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Zhu R, Fang Y. Application of a Water Supply-Demand Balance Model to Set Priorities for Improvements in Water Supply Systems: A Case Study from the Koshi River Basin, Nepal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031606. [PMID: 35162628 PMCID: PMC8835526 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Water scarcity is one of the leading challenges for sustainable development in the context of climate change, particularly for agriculturally reliant countries. Inadequate water supplies tend to generate environmental and health issues. Improvements in water supply systems should give priority to the region with the most severe mismatch between water supply and demand. To set priorities for the improvement of water supply systems, this study proposed a water supply-demand balance model to quantify the water supply-demand gap in the Koshi River basin and compared it with the traditional water vulnerability model. The results suggested that (1) the water supply-demand balance model had good applicability to the Koshi River basin and was superior to traditional models in identifying the region with the most severe mismatch; (2) the shortage of agricultural water was much more serious than that of domestic water in the basin; (3) the largest supply-demand gap of domestic water was in Tarai and that of agricultural water was in the hill areas; and (4) Four districts, including Lalitpur, Mahottari, Makwanpur, and Solukhumbu, were found to be the most water-stressed regions and priority should be given to them. Based on these findings, the priority setting in the improvement of water supply systems and adaptation strategies for mitigating water stress from the perspectives of the government, communities, and households were presented. It helps design water supply systems that match heterogeneous demands and optimize systems operation. Targeted improvements in water supply systems can make limited funds available to benefit more residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhu
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiping Fang
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences, CAS-HEC, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Correspondence:
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Khan MH, Nafees M, Muhammad N, Ullah U, Hussain R, Bilal M. Assessment of Drinking Water Sources for Water Quality, Human Health Risks, and Pollution Sources: A Case Study of the District Bajaur, Pakistan. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 80:41-54. [PMID: 33386942 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-020-00801-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The focus of the present study was to assess the quality of different drinking water sources, impacts of poor water quality on human health, and to apportion pollution source(s) of the district Bajaur, Pakistan. Drinking water samples (n = 331) were randomly collected from springs, hand pumps, open wells, and tube wells and analyzed for physicochemical parameters including toxic elements, and bacteriological contamination (i.e., Escherichia coli). Furthermore, a questionnaire survey was conducted to record the cases of waterborne diseases in the study area. The results showed that total suspended solids and bacteriological contamination exceeded the permissible limits of the WHO in all four of the water sources. Among the potentially toxic elements, Cd, Pb, and Mn were above the permissible limits of the WHO in some samples. The hazard index for spring water was found to exceed the toxicity level (i.e., HI > 1) set by US EPA for both adults and children, while the sources from hand pumps, open wells, and tube wells were within the safe limit. The order for the overall safety level for water quality in the study area was tube wells > open wells > hand pumps > springs. The pollution source apportionment statistics revealed that both geogenic and anthropogenic activities are the sources of drinking water contamination. The results of the questionnaire survey indicated that reports of waterborne diseases were highest in respondents who took their drinking water from springs, whereas reports of diseases were moderate in respondents taking their water from open wells and hand pumps and lowest in respondents taking their water from tube wells. Based on the findings of the study, the tube well source of water is recommended for drinking water purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haya Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Nafees
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Muhammad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan.
- Department of Environmental Science, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, 29050, Pakistan.
| | - Ubaid Ullah
- Department of Geography, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Rahib Hussain
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan.
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Quality reassessment using water quality indices and hydrochemistry of groundwater from the Basement Complex section of Kaduna Basin, NW Nigeria. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03536-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Scheili A, Delpla I, Rodriguez MJ. Development of a drinking water quality index based on a participatory procedure using mixed multicriteria methods. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:558. [PMID: 32740690 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08516-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to propose and apply a novel approach to develop a drinking water quality index that enables water managers to routinely identify the vulnerabilities in a distribution system (DS) while taking into account the priorities of water managers and operators. Here, we propose an innovative approach based on the participation of eight researchers and water managers. The input from these participants was included through a combination of the Delphi and MACBETH (Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical-Based Evaluation Technique) methods, which were applied to an index developed using fuzzy logic. The index was then validated by conducting sensitivity and comparative analyses on a database from field sampling campaigns conducted in various small municipal DSs in two Canadian provinces: Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador. Finally, the drinking water quality index was applied to a database of the DS in Quebec City, Canada. Sensitivity and comparative analyses revealed that the developed index could allow for the characterization of water sample quality and could prove useful for prioritizing interventions in the DS. The index was also useful for representing the spatial variability of water quality, and provided nuanced information about water quality, especially when the water quality parameter values complied with guidelines and regulations. These results provide a transferable and integrated approach for developing customized drinking water quality indices. This study will help pave the way for water quality managers to better prevent episodes of possible water quality deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Scheili
- WaterShed Monitoring, 686 Grande-Allée Est, 3e étage, Québec, Québec, G1R 2K5, Canada.
- École supérieure d'aménagement du territoire et de développement régional (ESAD), Université Laval, Pavillon F-A. Savard, 2325, rue des Bibliothèques, local 1612, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Ianis Delpla
- École supérieure d'aménagement du territoire et de développement régional (ESAD), Université Laval, Pavillon F-A. Savard, 2325, rue des Bibliothèques, local 1612, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Manuel J Rodriguez
- École supérieure d'aménagement du territoire et de développement régional (ESAD), Université Laval, Pavillon F-A. Savard, 2325, rue des Bibliothèques, local 1612, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
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