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Molnarova L, Halesova T, Tomesova D, Vaclavikova M, Bosakova Z. Monitoring Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Healthcare Effluent Wastewater Samples and the Effectiveness of Drug Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants Using the UHPLC-MS/MS Method. Molecules 2024; 29:1480. [PMID: 38611760 PMCID: PMC11013191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A multi-residue UHPLC-MS/MS analytical method, previously developed for monitoring 52 pharmaceuticals in drinking water, was used to analyse these pharmaceuticals in wastewater originating from healthcare facilities in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, the methodology was expanded to include the evaluation of the effectiveness of drug removal in Czech wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Of the 18 wastewater samples analysed by the validated UHPLC-MS/MS, each sample contained at least one quantifiable analyte. This study reveals the prevalence of several different drugs; mean concentrations of 702 μg L-1 of iomeprol, 48.8 μg L-1 of iopromide, 29.9 μg L-1 of gabapentin, 42.0 μg L-1 of caffeine and 82.5 μg L-1 of paracetamol were present. An analysis of 20 samples from ten WWTPs revealed different removal efficiencies for different analytes. Paracetamol was present in the inflow samples of all ten WWTPs and its removal efficiency was 100%. Analytes such as caffeine, ketoprofen, naproxen or atenolol showed high removal efficiencies exceeding 80%. On the other hand, pharmaceuticals like furosemide, metoprolol, iomeprol, zolpidem and tramadol showed lower removal efficiencies. Four pharmaceuticals exhibited higher concentrations in WWTP effluents than in the influents, resulting in negative removal efficiencies: warfarin at -9.5%, indomethacin at -53%, trimethoprim at -54% and metronidazole at -110%. These comprehensive findings contribute valuable insights to the pharmaceutical landscape of wastewater from healthcare facilities and the varied removal efficiencies of Czech WWTPs, which together with the already published literature, gives a more complete picture of the burden on the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Molnarova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Tatana Halesova
- ALS Czech Republic, Na Harfe 223/9, 190 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.H.); (D.T.); (M.V.)
| | - Daniela Tomesova
- ALS Czech Republic, Na Harfe 223/9, 190 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.H.); (D.T.); (M.V.)
| | - Marta Vaclavikova
- ALS Czech Republic, Na Harfe 223/9, 190 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.H.); (D.T.); (M.V.)
| | - Zuzana Bosakova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Hosseinzadeh M, Wang T, Morales-Caselles C, Callejas S, Eljarrat E, Porte C. Comparative toxicity of beach mesoplastics from South Spain: An in vitro approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141494. [PMID: 38368959 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Plastics, particularly mesoplastics, dominate beach debris and act as carriers of hazardous chemicals, either initially present in plastics or absorbed from the surrounding environment. In this study, mesoplastics were collected from five beaches in the southern region of Spain to investigate their potential impact on marine life. In vitro assays employing fish liver cells (PLHC-1) were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of methanolic extracts derived from intact mesoplastics and after simulated photodegradation. LC-MS analysis of the methanolic extracts revealed the presence of organophosphate esters, phthalates, and phthalate alternatives. The extracts from photodegraded plastics generally showed higher cytotoxicity, ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and genotoxicity (micronuclei formation) than those from intact mesoplastics. All the extracts induced EROD activity in PLHC-1 cells, indicating the presence of significant amounts of CYP1A inducers in beach mesoplastics. Thus, mesoplastics contain chemicals able to induce cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in PLHC-1 cells, and further photodegradation of mesoplastics facilitates the release of additional chemicals, increasing the overall toxicity. This work also highlights the usefulness of cell-based assays to better define the risks of plastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboubeh Hosseinzadeh
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics Towards a Circular Economy- Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Morales-Caselles
- Departamento de Biología, University of Cadiz, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Sandra Callejas
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ethel Eljarrat
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics Towards a Circular Economy- Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cinta Porte
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics Towards a Circular Economy- Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Nielsen EB, Stavridis K, Iversen N, Roslev P. Effect of vacuum UV and UV-C treatment on degradation and ecotoxicity of tire wear microrubber leachates. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2024; 89:347-356. [PMID: 39219134 PMCID: wst_2024_003 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Tire wear microrubber particles (TWMP) are a major source of environmental contamination. Degradation of TWMP is slow and leachates contain toxic constituents including heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organic additives. Few studies have addressed methods to mitigate the potential ecotoxicity of TWMP leachates. This study investigated the effects of UV-C (254 nm) and combined UV-C and vacuum UV (185 nm) treatment (VUV-UV-C) of TWMP leachates on degradation and ecotoxicity. VUV-UV-C treatment mitigated dissolved zinc and degraded the TWMP constituents fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene by up to 90%, and the additives benzothiazole and phthalates by up to 70%. The potential ecotoxicity and genotoxicity of TWMP constituents were examined before and after UV treatment in bioassays with Escherichia coli, the luminescent bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri, the microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata and the crustacean Daphia magna. VUV-UV-C treatment decreased the potential ecotoxicity up to five-fold as indicated by changes in median effective concentrations (EC50). This was likely due to the formation of less toxic and less bioavailable transformation products. The VUV-UV-C treatment did not require the addition of oxidants or catalysts, and the study indicated a potential of VUV-UV-C as an advanced oxidation process to mitigate toxic compounds in TWMP leachates from urban or industrial sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Bock Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark E-mail:
| | | | - Niels Iversen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Peter Roslev
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Yang B, Cui H, Gao J, Cao J, Klobučar G, Li M. Using a Battery of Bioassays to Assess the Toxicity of Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents in Industrial Parks. TOXICS 2023; 11:702. [PMID: 37624206 PMCID: PMC10457805 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11080702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Bioassays, as an addition to physico-chemical water quality evaluation, can provide information on the toxic effects of pollutants present in the water. In this study, a broad evaluation of environmental health risks from industrial wastewater along the Yangtze River, China, was conducted using a battery of bioassays. Toxicity tests showed that the wastewater treatment processes were effective at lowering acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, HepG2 cells' cytotoxicity, the estrogenic effect in T47D-Kbluc cells, DNA damage of Euglena gracilis and the mutagenicity of Salmonella typhimurium in the analyzed wastewater samples. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were identified as potential major toxic chemicals of concern in the wastewater samples of W, J and T wastewater treatment plants; thus, the potential harm of PAHs to aquatic organisms has been investigated. Based on the health risk assessment model, the risk index of wastewater from the industrial parks along the Yangtze River was below one, indicating that the PAHs were less harmful to human health through skin contact or respiratory exposure. Overall, the biological toxicity tests used in this study provide a good basis for the health risk assessment of industrial wastewater and a scientific reference for the optimization and operation of the treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haiyan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Göran Klobučar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Ezzariai A, An-Nori A, El Fels L, Riboul D, Merlina G, Barret M, Lacroix MZ, El Mejahed K, El Gharous M, Bousquet-Melou A, Kouisni L, Patureau D, Pinelli E, Hafidi M. Combining sequential extraction and 3D fluorescence to investigate the behavior of antibiotic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during solar drying of sewage sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 298:134293. [PMID: 35307387 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Solar drying and liming are commonly used for sludge treatment, but little is known about their efficiency on antibiotics and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) removal. This study aimed to investigate the removal of antibiotics and PAHs during solar drying of Limed Sludge (LS) and Non-Limed Sludge (NLS). Thus, organic matter fractionation and 3D fluorescence were used to assess the accessibility and the complexity of organic matter. 2 experiments have been conducted using LS and NLS for 45 days of drying in a pilot scale tunnel. Physicochemical results indicated significant decrease of water content (90%) for both sludge samples within 15 days of drying. For both treatments, the removal of total organic carbon and total nitrogen was low and similar for both treatments. Through this study, it has been confirmed that liming and drying contributed to a strong modification of the organic matter quality with an increase of its accessibility. On the other hand, drying alone increased the less accessible compartments, while the presence of lime affected the interconnexion between the organic matter pools. 3D fluorescence confirmed the obtained results and indicated that LS leads to obtaining more simple molecules in the most accessible compartments, while NLS leads to obtaining more complex molecules in the less accessible compartments. In addition, solar radiations and leaching may contribute to the significant removal (p < 0.01) of roxithromycin, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo(g, h, i) perylene in the presence of lime. Furthermore, the evolution of organic matter pools in terms of accessibility and complexity may drive the bioavailability of these pollutants, leading to their significant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Ezzariai
- African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Laayoune, Morocco
| | - Amal An-Nori
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agrosciences and Environment (CNRST Labeled Research Unit N° 4), Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, BP 2390, Marrakesh, Morocco; Agricultural Innovation and Technology Transfer Center (AITTC), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Loubna El Fels
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agrosciences and Environment (CNRST Labeled Research Unit N° 4), Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, BP 2390, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - David Riboul
- EcoLab, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Georges Merlina
- EcoLab, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Maialen Barret
- EcoLab, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Khalil El Mejahed
- Agricultural Innovation and Technology Transfer Center (AITTC), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El Gharous
- Agricultural Innovation and Technology Transfer Center (AITTC), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, Morocco
| | | | - Lamfeddal Kouisni
- African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Laayoune, Morocco
| | - Dominique Patureau
- INRAE, Univ Montpellier, LBE, 102 Avenue des étangs, 11100, Narbonne, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- EcoLab, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Mohamed Hafidi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agrosciences and Environment (CNRST Labeled Research Unit N° 4), Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, BP 2390, Marrakesh, Morocco; Agrobiosciences Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco.
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Mikulčić H, Baleta J, Wang X, Duić N, Dewil R. Sustainable development in period of climate crisis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 303:114271. [PMID: 34902657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing process of climate change has shown that sustainable development of humankind is a necessity. Existing resources need to be used in a form of a circular economy, and no more in a linear economy as has been the case until now. Resources need to be better managed to meet the needs of future generations. Therefore, energy, water and environment systems need to be integrated in order to slow down their overexploitation. This paper discusses some of the latest developments in three main areas of sustainability, i.e., energy, water and environment, that emerged from the four "Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems" (SDEWES) Conferences that took place in 2020. The purpose of this review introduction article is to provide a brief introduction to the field and the articles included in this Virtual Special Issue. As such, it acts as an editorial paper for the virtual special issue of the Journal of Environmental Management, dedicated to the SDEWES 2020 conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrvoje Mikulčić
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Ivana Lučića 5, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jakov Baleta
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Metallurgy, Aleja narodnih heroja 3, 44000, Sisak, Croatia.
| | - Xuebin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China.
| | - Neven Duić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Ivana Lučića 5, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Raf Dewil
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, Jan De Nayerlaan 5, 2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
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