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Yang Y, Zhou T, Cheng M, Xie M, Shi N, Liu T, Huang Z, Zhao Y, Huang Q, Liu Z, Li B. Recent advances in organic waste pyrolysis and gasification in a CO 2 environment to value-added products. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120666. [PMID: 38490005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The persistent combustion of fossil fuels has resulted in a widespread greenhouse effect attributable to the continual elevation of carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere. Recent research indicates that utilizing CO2 as a pyrolysis gasification medium diminishes CO2 emissions and concurrently augments the value of the resultant pyrolysis gasification products. This paper reviews recent advancements in the pyrolysis gasification of organic solid wastes under a CO2 atmosphere. Meanwhile, the mechanisms of CO2 influence in the pyrolysis and gasification processes were also discussed. In comparison to noble gases, CO2 exhibits reactivity with char at≥710 °C, resulting in additional mass loss of the sample. In addition, CO2 was able to increase the specific surface area and stability of biochar and reduce biooil toxicity by lowering the content of cyclic compounds in the biooil, while CO2 was able to react with GPRs with some volatile products (e.g., light hydrocarbons) to increase biogas yield. Finally, CO2 also prevents catalyst deactivation by reducing secondary coke formation. We also recommend directing future attention toward utilizing unpurified CO2 in pyrolysis and gasification. This review aims to expand the utilization of CO2 and advocate for applying pyrolysis gasification products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Yang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Tao Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Mingqian Cheng
- Yunnan Land Resources Vocational College, Kunming 652501, China.
| | - Ming Xie
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Nan Shi
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Tingting Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Zechun Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Youcai Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Qifei Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Zewei Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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Chai S, Kang BS, Valizadeh B, Valizadeh S, Hong J, Jae J, Andrew Lin KY, Khan MA, Jeon BH, Park YK, Seo MW. Fractional condensation of bio-oil vapors from pyrolysis of various sawdust wastes in a bench-scale bubbling fluidized bed reactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141121. [PMID: 38185423 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The use of lignocellulosic waste as an energy source for substituting fossil fuels has attracted lots of attention, and pyrolysis has been established as an effective technology for this purpose. However, the utilization of bio-oil derived from non-catalytic pyrolysis faces certain constraints, making it impractical for direct application in advanced sectors. This study has focused on overcoming these challenges by employing fractional condensation of pyrolytic vapors at distinct temperatures. The potential of five types of sawdust for producing high-quality bio-oil through pyrolysis conducted with a bench-scale bubbling fluidized bed reactor was investigated for the first time. The highest yield of bio-oil (61.94 wt%) was produced using sample 3 (damaged timber). Remarkably, phenolic compounds were majorly gathered in the 1st and 2nd condensers at temperatures of 200 °C and 150 °C, respectively, attributing to their higher boiling points. Whereas, carboxylic acid, ketones, and furans were mainly collected in the 3rd (-5 °C) and 4th (-20 °C) condensers, having high water content in the range of 35.33%-65.09%. The separation of acidic nature compounds such as acetic acid in the 3rd and 4th was evidenced by its low pH in the range of 4-5, while the pH of liquid collected in the 1st and 2nd condensers exhibited higher pH (6-7). The well-separated bio-oil derived from biomass pyrolysis facilitates its wide usage in various applications, proposing a unique approach toward carbon neutrality. In particular, achieving efficient separation of phenolic compounds in bio-oil is important, as these compounds can undergo further upgrading to generate hydrocarbons and diesel fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhyeong Chai
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Sung Kang
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Behzad Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Soheil Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Hong
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Jae
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Environmental Engineering & Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung Won Seo
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Santos MF, Bresciani AE, Ferreira NL, Bassani GS, Alves RMB. Carbon dioxide conversion via reverse water-gas shift reaction: Reactor design. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118822. [PMID: 37597369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction converts carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) to syngas, which is used to produce various high-added-value chemicals. This process has attracted great interest from researchers as a way of mitigating the potential environmental impacts of this greenhouse gas, with emphasis on global warming. This work aims to model and simulate an industrial catalytic reactor using kinetic data for the RWGS reaction. The simulation was carried out in Aspen Plus® v10. The thermodynamic analysis showed that the appropriate conditions for the reaction are feed molar ratio (H2/CO2) of 0.8:1, 750 °C, and 20 bar. The RWGS process proceeds in a multi-tubular fixed bed reactor with 36.26% CO2 conversion and 96.41% CO selectivity, at residence times in the order of 2.7 s. These results are at near-equilibrium CO2 conversion with higher CO selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magno F Santos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Butantã, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio E Bresciani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Butantã, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Newton L Ferreira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Butantã, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel S Bassani
- Repsol Sinopec Brazil, Praia de Botafogo, 300, Botafogo, 22250-040, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
| | - Rita M B Alves
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Butantã, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Egg-Shell-Type MgAl2O4 Pellet Catalyst for Steam Methane Reforming Reaction Activity: Effect of Pellet Preparation Temperature. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12121500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A pellet catalyst was prepared to be used in a large-scale steam methane reformer. Hydrotalcite powder (MG30) was used as a precursor to prepare MgAl2O4 pellet supports at different calcination temperatures. Ni-supported catalysts with egg-shell-type distribution were prepared on these pellet supports: Ni/sup-x (where x is the calcination temperature of the support with x = 1273, 1373, and 1473 K). Among them, Ni/sup-1473, which experienced the highest calcination temperature (1473 K), showed the highest methane conversion and lowest weight loss owing to carbon deposition. As a result, when the calcination temperature increased, the egg-shell thickness decreased, and the reducibility of the catalyst was enhanced. Although a small amount of Ni (3.5 wt%) was used, the egg-shell-type catalyst had superior catalytic activity and coke resistance. Therefore, the egg-shell-type catalyst using Ni as the active material and MgAl2O4 calcined at high temperature as the support is expected to be appropriate for large-scale industrial steam methane reforming reactions.
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