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Zheng J, Wang XG, Sun Y, Wang YX, Sha HQ, He XS, Sun XJ. Natural and anthropogenic dissolved organic matter in landfill leachate: Composition, transformation, and their coexistence characteristics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133081. [PMID: 38016321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
A large number of natural and anthropogenic wastes were landfilled, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were formed during landfill. However, the composition, transformation, and coexistence characteristics of natural and anthropogenic DOM in leachate remain unclear. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, size exclusion chromatography, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectrum were employed to clarify comprehensively the abovementioned question. The results showed that natural DOM in young leachate constituted mainly straight-chain organic acids, protein substances, and building blocks of humic substances (BB). Straight-chain organic acids vanished in old leachates, and the concentration of protein substances and BB decreased from 44% to 26% and from 47% to 12%, respectively, while CHON and CHONS were degraded to CHO and CHOS during the process. As to anthropogenic DOM, its types and relative content in leachate increased during landfill, and aromatic acids, terpenes, halogenated organics, indoles, and phenols became the main organic components in old leachate. Compared to natural DOM, anthropogenic DOM was degraded slowly and accumulated in leachate, and some of the natural DOM facilitated the dechlorination of dichlorinated organic compounds. This study demonstrates that landfill led to an increase in humic substances and halogenated organic compounds in old leachate, which was intensified with concentrated leachate recirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Xian-Ge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yu-Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hao-Qun Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiao-Song He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Xiao-Jie Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
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Liu Y, Li J, Parakhonskiy BV, Hoogenboom R, Skirtach A, De Neve S. Labelling of micro- and nanoplastics for environmental studies: state-of-the-art and future challenges. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132785. [PMID: 37856963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Studying microplastics and nanoplastics (MNP) in environmental matrices is extremely challenging, and recent developments in labelling techniques may hold much promise to further our knowledge in this field. Here, we reviewed MNP labelling techniques and applications to provide the first systematic and in-depth insight into MNP labelling. We classified all labelling techniques for MNP into four main types (fluorescent, metal, stable isotope and radioisotope) and discussed per type the synthesis methods, detection methods, influencing factors, and the current and future applications and challenges. Direct labelling of environmental MNP with fluorescent dyes and metals enables simple visualisation and selective detection of MNP to improve detection efficiency. However, it is still an open question how to avoid co-labelling of non-plastic (i.e. non-target, matrix) materials. Labelling of MNP that are intentionally added in the environment may allow semi-automatic detection of MNP particles with high accuracy and sensitivity during studies on e.g. transport and degradation. The detection limit of labelled MNP largely depends on particle size and the type of matrix. Fluorescent labelling allows efficient detection of microplastics, whereas metal labelling is preferred for nanoplastics research due to a potentially higher sensitivity. A major challenge for fluorescent and metal labelling is to develop techniques that do not alter the inherent MNP properties or only do so minimally, in particular the surface properties. Stable and radioactive isotope labelling (13C and 14C, but also 15N, 2H) of the polymer itself allows to preserve inherent MNP properties, but have been largely ignored. Overall, labelling of MNP holds great promise for advancing our fundamental understanding of the behaviour of plastics, notably the smallest fractions, in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Andre Skirtach
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Neve
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Rapid Identification of Optimized Process Parameters Via RSM for the Production of Valuable Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Multiphase Catalytic Pyrolysis of Mixed Waste Plastics. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-023-07630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Huang Z, Zhang S, Wang H, Liu R, Cheng C, Shuai S, Hu Y, Zeng Y, Yu X, He G, Fu W, Burov VE, Poilov VZ. Recovery of wolframite from tungsten mine tailings by the combination of shaking table and flotation with a novel "crab" structure sebacoyl hydroxamic acid. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 317:115372. [PMID: 35617862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tailings ponds for gangue mineral storage are widely recognized as a dangerous source of toxic minerals and heavy metal-bearing solution. Therefore, recovering valuable minerals and critical elements from tailings is an important means to protect the environment in an economic way. Wolframite tailings usually contain a considerable amount of tungsten resources, but the presence of high content of kaolinite sludge makes it very difficult to recycle wolframite. Herein, a novel sebacoyl hydroxamic acid (SHA) was synthesized and introduced as a novel wolframite collector to effectively utilize wolframite tailings, and its collection performance was compared with that of benzohydroxamic acid (BHA). Micro-flotation tests showed that SHA could still obtain 80% wolframite recovery in the presence of kaolinite slimes. Bench-scale flotation tests indicated that SHA can effectively recover wolframite concentrate with 55.64% WO3 grade and 75.28% WO3 recovery from wolframite tailings by the combined shaking table-flotation process. Polarized light microscope observations showed that SHA could promote the formation of hydrophobic agglomerates of wolframite particles. These results show that SHA can be used as an efficient collector for disposing of wolframite tailings, and provide an important reference for the development of efficient and comprehensive utilization of tailings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Huang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 34100, China.
| | - Shiyong Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 34100, China
| | - Hongling Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Rukuan Liu
- Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 34100, China
| | - Shuyi Shuai
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 34100, China
| | - Yajing Hu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 34100, China
| | - Yuhui Zeng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 34100, China
| | - Xinyang Yu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 34100, China
| | - Guichun He
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 34100, China
| | - Weng Fu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Vladimir E Burov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, 614990, Russia
| | - Vladimir Z Poilov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, 614990, Russia.
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Is the presence of Cu(II) and p-benzoquinone a challenge for the removal of microplastics from landfill leachate? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158395. [PMID: 36049677 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A large number of plastic wastes generated eventually end up in landfills. The leachate from landfills has become a potential destination for microplastics (MPs). Many researchers have turned their attention to the distribution of MPs in landfill leachate. However, rare researchers mentioned that the efficient removal of MPs in landfill leachate was hard to realized. In this work, we analyzed MPs distribution and composition in leachate from a municipal landfill. Subsequently, to understand the causes of hydrophilization of MPs in leachate, we investigated the flotation percentage of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polystyrene (PS) MPs when exposure to p-benzoquinone and Cu2+. We conducted experiments on factors including the concentration of pollutants, pH, and interaction time. Meanwhile, the adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and synergistic effects of p-benzoquinone and Cu2+ were further investigated. The order of the strength of the hydrophilic effect of contaminants on MPs in leachate was p-benzoquinone + Cu2+ > p-benzoquinone > Cu2+. The physisorption and chemisorption of p-benzoquinone and Cu2+ on the MPs surface, respectively, resulted in the hydrophilization of the MPs surface. The order of hydrophilization and the adsorption capacity for pollutants of the three MPs were consistent: PVC > > PET ≈ PS. We proposed a feasible scheme with the oleic acid to restore the hydrophobicity of MPs, which could increase the removal rate of MPs by 87.37 %. This work revealed the hydrophilization effects of pollutants on MPs and proposed a novel insight into the MPs removal from landfill leachate.
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Wang Z, Jiang H, Zhang Y, Bian K, Wang H, Wang C. Stepwise flotation separation of WEEE plastics by polymeric aluminum chloride towards source control of microplastics. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 149:1-10. [PMID: 35689973 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mismanagement of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) resulted in numerous discarded plastics in the natural environment, and these waste plastics might experience aging, breaking, and migration, which becomes a crucial microplastic source. Sustainable management of WEEE plastics presents a considerable opportunity for resource recovery and microplastic pollution prevention. Flotation separation is a significant process of mechanical recycling, while most flotation methods can only deal with binary plastic mixtures. In this work, an advanced, stepwise, and sustainable flotation method was advocated to separate multi-plastics by polymeric aluminum chloride (PAC) modification. The abundant hydrophilic groups and environmental friendliness of PAC prompted us to further investigate the wetting effect. PAC had varied hydrophilization effects on acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polystyrene (PS) surfaces, but polyethylene terephthalate (PET) retained hydrophobicity. Treatment conditions, including PAC dosage, temperature, time, and pH were optimized. 100% of PET could be purified after primary separation, and the purities of ABS and PS could reach 100% and 97.4% after secondary separation, respectively. The strength of the interaction was determined by the different surface potentials and functional groups. In PAC solution, long-chain molecules or ions might interact with plastic surfaces electrostatically, and Al3+ could bridge long-chain molecules and plastic surfaces, thereby strengthening the polymer hydrophilicity. We further improved the PAC treatment process, and the reuse of PAC reduced modifier usage to 84.4 g/ton waste plastics, which was cost-effective in industrial applications. A preliminary evaluation of the energy consumption and environmental impact indicated that PAC treatment was superior to other modification methods. This work is an initial attempt at the stepwise separation of waste plastic and shows promising prospects for recycling plastic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan, PR China
| | - Hongru Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan, PR China
| | - Yingshuang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan, PR China
| | - Kai Bian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan, PR China.
| | - Chongqing Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
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