Ecological footprints and sustainable environmental management: A critical view of China's economy

Financial health and economic growth responsiveness as solution to environmental degradation in Pakistan

This study analyses the impact of GDP per capita, domestic credit, savings, and population on the environment in Pakistan from 1995 to 2019. The country has consistently been ranked eighth, fifth, and eight as an environmentally vulnerable nation from 1998 to 2017, 1999 to 2018, and 2000 to 2019, respectively. Therefore, the study explores the role of environmental awareness as a potential strategy for making peace with nature. Findings of the ARDL bounds testing approach confirm the long-run cointegration among variables of concern. In further assessment, the study determines that increased per capita income is detrimental to environmental quality in the long run. However, in the short run, it shows a favourable impact. On the other hand, domestic credit worsens the environment in the long and short runs. However, savings are positively insignificant in this regard. Furthermore, the total population significantly harms the environment in the long and short run. Fortunately, environmental awareness has emerged as a key solution to environmental degradation in Pakistan. Findings show that an increase in the dissemination of environmental awareness through the Internet, mobile, and landline phones, as well as by increasing education expenditures, mitigates the populations' detrimental impact on the environment and improves environmental quality in the long run.

Determinants of fishing grounds footprint: Evidence from dynamic spatial Durbin model

Despite a growing literature on fishing grounds footprint, there is no study analyzing fishing footprint regarding spatial effects between neighboring countries. Thus, we explored whether the fishing grounds footprint of 156 countries is spatially correlated. For this purpose, we applied the dynamic spatial Durbin model to examine the direct and indirect effects of GDP per capita, biological capacity, trade openness, population, and urbanization on fishing grounds footprint in the short-term and the long-term during 2001-2021. The results revealed that: (1) there exists a positive and significant spatial dependence in fishing grounds footprint between countries; (2) inverted U-shaped environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis is valid in the short-term and the long-term; (3) fishing grounds footprint is negatively influenced by biocapacity and urbanization in neighboring countries, while population directly increases the fishing footprint. Finally, some suggestions were put forward to reduce fishing grounds footprint and to achieve a sustainable fisheries environment.