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Zhu Y, Chen X, Zou Y, Su L, Yan X, Zhu X, Hou Y, Liu M, Jiang W, Zou C, Chen X, Xu Z. Ze-Qi-Tang formula inhibits MDSCs glycolysis through the down-regulation of p21/Hif1α/Glut1 signal in psoriatic-like mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155544. [PMID: 38810554 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that affects the quality of life and mental health of approximately 150 million people worldwide. Ze-Qi-Tang (ZQT) is a classic compound used in China for lung disease; however, its mechanism of action in psoriasis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of the ZQT formula on psoriasis and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Peripheral blood samples were collected from patients with psoriasis and healthy individuals. Flow cytometry was used to detect changes in the proportions of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and other immune cells. Psoriasis was induced in mice by the daily application of imiquimod. ZQT was administered separately or in combination with anti-Gr1 antibody to deplete MDSC. The glycolysis levels of the MDSCs were detected using a Seahorse analyzer. The p21/Hif1α/Glut1 pathway was identified and validated by mRNA sequence, RT-qPCR, WB, IF, and the application of p21 inhibitor UC2288. RESULTS The number of MDSCs was significantly increased in patients with psoriasis, with the increased expression of p21, Hif1α, and Glut1 in MDSCs. ZQT significantly alleviated psoriasis-like skin lesions in mice. ZQT formula significantly reduced the number of MDSCs in psoriatic-like mice and enhanced their suppressive capacity for T cells. The efficacy of ZQT in alleviating psoriatic dermatitis is compromised by MDSC depletion. ZQT decreased the expressions of p21, Hif1α, and Glut1-induced glycolysis in MDSCs, thereby inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation. CONCLUSION These suggest that ZQT alleviates IMQ-induced psoriatic dermatitis, by inhibiting p21/Hif1α/Glut1-induced glycolysis in MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzhuangzhuang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health Identification and Assessment, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd., Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, 1278 Baode Rd., Jingan District, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Yimeng Zou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health Identification and Assessment, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd., Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lin Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health Identification and Assessment, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd., Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xuewei Yan
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health Identification and Assessment, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd., Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yifei Hou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mingxi Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health Identification and Assessment, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd., Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wencheng Jiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, 1278 Baode Rd., Jingan District, Shanghai, 200443, China.
| | - Chunpu Zou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health Identification and Assessment, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd., Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health Identification and Assessment, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd., Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zihang Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health Identification and Assessment, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd., Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Zhang J, Zhuang Z, Guo M, Wu K, Yang Q, Min X, Cui W, Xu F. Ze-Qi decoction inhibits non-small cell lung cancer growth and metastasis by modulating the PI3K/Akt/p53 signaling pathway. J Tradit Complement Med 2023; 13:417-429. [PMID: 37693094 PMCID: PMC10491987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Ze-Qi decoction (ZQD) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula commonly applied to treat lung cancer in China. This study aimed to assess the effective ingredients and molecular mechanisms of ZQD in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on network pharmacology combined with experimental validation. Methods Network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and molecular docking analyses were conducted to explore the mechanism of ZQD for treating NSCLC, which was further confirmed by animal experiments. Results In total, 117 bioactive ingredients and 499 target proteins of ZQD were identified. Network pharmacology revealed 7 core active ingredients and 74 core target proteins. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that the PI3K/Akt and p53 signaling pathways may be crucial in NSCLC treatment. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the seven crucial bioactive ingredients complexed with PI3K, Akt, and p53. The animal experiment results validated that ZQD treatment promoted cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, thereby inhibiting NSCLC growth and metastasis. Furthermore, ZQD treatment caused a significant increase in p53 and Bax, while leading to a distinct reduction in p-PI3K (Tyr317), p-Akt (Ser473), VEGFA, CD31, MMP2, MMP9, Bcl2, and CDK2. Conclusions ZQD inhibited the growth and metastasis of NSCLC subcutaneous tumors in C57BL/6J mice via the PI3K/Akt/p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtao Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Zifan Zhuang
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Minghao Guo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Qingfeng Yang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xin Min
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wenqiang Cui
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
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Bai F, Huang Z, Luo J, Qiu Y, Huang S, Huang C, Liu T, Zhang H, Wang D. Bibliometric and visual analysis in the field of traditional Chinese medicine in cancer from 2002 to 2022. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1164425. [PMID: 37469862 PMCID: PMC10352617 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1164425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used as a complementary treatment for cancer patients, but there has been no quantitative comprehensive analysis of TCM's efficacy. The purpose of this paper is to explore the current status and hotspots of TCM in cancer research from 2002 to 2022 and to provide a reference for future research. Methods: We retrieved articles published between 2002 and 2022 from the Web of Science database and analyzed them using R software, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace software. Results: A total of 7,129 articles were included in this study. The publication rate of TCM cancer research increased steadily from 2002 to 2022, with a rapid increase from 2010 to 2021. China was the country with the most published articles, followed by the United States, Republic of Korea, Germany, and Japan. China was also the country with the most international collaborations, and China Medical University and Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were the most representative cooperation centers. The Journal of Ethnopharmacology was the most published and cited journal. Apoptosis, expression, in vitro, activation, and other related keywords were commonly used in these articles. Breast cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, and lung cancer were the most studied cancer types in TCM research. Pathway-related apoptosis, anti-inflammation, and oxidative stress were the hotspots and trends of TCM's anti-cancer mechanism. Metabolomics combined with network pharmacology was the main research method. Conclusion: Traditional Chinese medicine as an anti-cancer drug has received increasing attention from researchers worldwide, and it is expected to be a hotspot for developing new anti-cancer drugs in the future. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the current status and hotspots of TCM cancer research, which could serve as a valuable reference for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Facheng Bai
- Pharmacy Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhenguang Huang
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shuwen Huang
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chenglong Huang
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Taotao Liu
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Li JX, Han ZX, Cheng X, Zhang FL, Zhang JY, Su ZJ, Li BP, Jiang ZR, Li RZ, Xie Y, Yan PY, Tang L, Yang JS. Combinational study with network pharmacology, molecular docking and preliminary experiments on exploring common mechanisms underlying the effects of weijing decoction on various pulmonary diseases. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15631. [PMID: 37153415 PMCID: PMC10160751 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective 'Homotherapy for heteropathy' is a theory by which different diseases with similar pathogenesis can be treated with one Chinese formula. We aimed to explore the key components and core targets of Weijing decoction (WJD) in treating various lung diseases, namely, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute lung injury (ALI), pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary tuberculosis and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), via network pharmacology, molecular docking and some experiments. Significance This is the first study on the mechanism of WJD in treating various lung diseases by 'homotherapy for heteropathy'. This study is helpful for the transformation of TCM formula and development of new drugs. Methods Active components and therapeutic targets of WJD were obtained via TCMSP and UniProt databases. Targets of the six pulmonary diseases were harvested from the GeneCards TTD, DisGeNet, UniProt and OMIM databases. Drug-disease intersection targets, corresponding Venn diagrams, herb-component-target networks and protein-protein interaction networks were established. Furthermore, GO biological function and KEGG enrichment analysis were completed. Moreover, the binding activity between main compounds and core targets was measured through molecular docking. Finally, the xenograft NSCLC mouse model was established. Immune responses were evaluated by flow cytometry and mRNA expression levels of critical targets were measured by real-time PCR. Results JUN, CASP3 and PTGS2 were the most critical targets in six pulmonary diseases. The active compounds beta-sitosterol, tricin and stigmasterol stably bound to many active sites on target proteins. WJD had extensive pharmacological regulation, involving pathways related to cancer, inflammation, infection, hypoxia, immunity and so on. Conclusions Effects of WJD against various lung diseases involve lots of compounds, targets and pathways. These findings will facilitate further research as well as clinical application of WJD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Li
- Macau University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macao, China
| | - Zhong-Xiao Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Feng-Lin Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing-Yi Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zi-Jie Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Biao-Ping Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhi-Rui Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Run-Ze Li
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pei-Yu Yan
- Macau University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macao, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ling Tang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Jia-Shun Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan 528244, China
- Corresponding author.
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Li J, Huang HY, Lin YCD, Zuo H, Tang Y, Huang HD. Cinnamomi ramulus inhibits cancer cells growth by inducing G2/M arrest. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1121799. [PMID: 37007025 PMCID: PMC10063822 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1121799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction:Cinnamomi ramulus (CR) is one of the most widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with anti-cancer effects. Analyzing transcriptomic responses of different human cell lines to TCM treatment is a promising approach to understand the unbiased mechanism of TCM.Methods: This study treated ten cancer cell lines with different CR concentrations, followed by mRNA sequencing. Differential expression (DE) analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were utilized to analyze transcriptomic data. Finally, the in silico screening results were verified by in vitro experiments.Results: Both DE and GSEA analysis suggested the Cell cycle pathway was the most perturbated pathway by CR across these cell lines. By analyzing the clinical significance and prognosis of G2/M related genes (PLK1, CDK1, CCNB1, and CCNB2) in various cancer tissues, we found that they were up-regulated in most cancer types, and their down-regulation showed better overall survival rates in cancer patients. Finally, in vitro experiments validation on A549, Hep G2, and HeLa cells suggested that CR can inhibit cell growth by suppressing the PLK1/CDK1/ Cyclin B axis.Discussion: This is the first study to apply transcriptomic analysis to investigate the cancer cell growth inhibition of CR on various human cancer cell lines. The core effect of CR on ten cancer cell lines is to induce G2/M arrest by inhibiting the PLK1/CDK1/Cyclin B axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hsi-Yuan Huang
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang-Chi-Dung Lin
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Huali Zuo
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Tang
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Hsien-Da Huang,
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Shao N, Xiao Y, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Wang S, Bao S. Modified Sijunzi Decoction Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Attenuating AKT/GSK3β Pathway in vitro and in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:821567. [PMID: 35111070 PMCID: PMC8802809 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.821567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Modified Sijunzi Decoction (MSJZD) is an empirical prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and has been corroborated to be effective in multiple human diseases, but its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is enigmatic. Here we mainly analyze the function and mechanism of MSJZD in NSCLC. In this study, we used a method that coupled ultra-performance liquid chromatography to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) to investigate the major constituents in MSJZD with positive and negative ion modes. Additionally, in in vitro experiments, the effects of serum-containing MSJZD on the biological behavior of NSCLC cells induced by TGF-β1 were assessed by cell function experiments. Then, the influences of serum-containing MSJZD on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers were examined by immunofluorescence and western blot assays. Also, the AKT/GSK3β pathway and apoptosis-related markers were estimated by western blotting. Tumor xenografts were generated by subcutaneously injecting A549 cells into BALB/c nude mice to determine the effects of MSJZD in vivo. We first analyzed the composition of MSJZD. In positive ion mode, 47 kinds of components were identified. In negative ion mode, 45 kinds of components were identified. We also found that TGF-β1 contributed to inducing cell morphological changes and EMT progression. In vitro, surprisingly, cell proliferation, migration as well as invasion in NSCLC cells induced by TGF-β1, could be weakened by serum-containing MSJZD, and apoptosis was intensified. Moreover, serum-containing MSJZD weakened EMT passage and AKT/GSK3β pathway activation and induced apoptosis-related markers in NSCLC cells triggered by TGF-β1. In vivo, we discovered that MSJZD attenuated the tumor growth, promoted histopathological damage, and induced apoptosis in A549 tumor-bearing mice. Importantly, MSJZD has also restrained the development of EMT, AKT/GSK3β pathway, and TGF-β1 expression levels in nude mice. These findings demonstrated that MSJZD significantly weakened NSCLC progression by modulating EMT and AKT/GSK3β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niu Shao
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Zhu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenglong Wang
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Suzhen Bao
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Liu D, Lin S, Li Y, Zhou T, Hu K, Li Q. Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification to Explore the Potential Mechanism of Yin-Huo-Tang for Lung Adenocarcinoma Recurrence. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:375-395. [PMID: 35210754 PMCID: PMC8860994 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s343149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Yin-Huo-Tang (YHT) is a classic traditional Chinese prescription, used to prevent lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) relapse by “nourishing yin and clearing heat”. In this study, the mechanism of YHT in LUAD recurrence was investigated. Methods Firstly, the bioactive compounds and targets of YHT, as well as related targets of LUAD recurrence, were collected from public databases. The protein–protein interaction network, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed to find the pivotal compounds, hub genes, functional annotation and main pathways. Subsequently, RNA sequencing of recurrent tumor tissues from Lewis lung carcinoma mice treated with YHT was used to explore the main pathways. At the same time, pathways screened by network pharmacology and RNA sequencing analysis were considered the most important pathways. Finally, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry was used to validate the pivotal active ingredients. Molecular docking technology was performed to validate the binding association between the hub genes and the pivotal active ingredients. PCR and WB analysis were used to validate the main pathways. Results There were 128 active compounds and 419 targets interacting with YHT and LUAD recurrence. Network analysis identified 4 pivotal compounds, 28 hub genes and 30 main pathways. Sphingolipid signaling pathway was the common main pathway in network pharmacology and RNA sequencing results. The hub gene related to the sphingolipid signaling pathway was S1PR5. Qualitative phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of 3 pivotal compounds, namely stigmasterol, nootkatone and ergotamine. The molecular docking verified that the pivotal compounds could good affinity with S1PR5. The PCR and WB analysis verified YHT suppressed Lewis lung cancer cells proliferation and migration by inhibiting the sphingolipid signaling pathway. Conclusion The potential mechanism and therapeutic effect of YHT against the recurrence of LUAD may be ascribed to inhibition of the sphingolipid signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianna Liu
- Oncology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shicheng Lin
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Oncology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaiwen Hu
- Oncology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100071, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Kaiwen Hu; Quanwang Li, Email ;
| | - Quanwang Li
- Oncology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100071, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang M, Yu H, Hu J, Zhao Z, Liu L, Yang G, Wang T, Han G, Song S. Therapeutic carrier based on solanesol and hyaluronate for synergistic tumor treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:20-28. [PMID: 34998870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The administration of nanodrugs can lead to metabolism related systemic toxicity due to the use of inert carriers in large quantities. Carrier materials that offer therapeutic effects are therefore a promising means of addressing this limitation. Herein, a hyaluronate-based nanocarrier was prepared from hyaluronic acid (HA) and solanesol. Solanesyl thiosalicylate (STS) derived from solanesol has certain antitumor effects and was used to modify HA. The conjugate (HA-STS) self-assembled into nanoparticles acting as a drug carrier. The synthesis of the conjugates was confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded into the HA-STS nanoparticles with a relatively high content of 6.0%. pH-sensitive drug release behavior was achieved by introducing a hydroazone bond between STS and HA. A cytotoxicity assay indicated that the blank nanoparticles had an antitumor effect, which was enhanced by loading with an additional drug. Moreover, in vivo antitumor experiments indicated that the HA-STS-DOX showed superior tumor inhibition compared with free DOX, as well as lower cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, demonstrating the advantages of the bioactive drug vehicles in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Huimin Yu
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jinglu Hu
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhao
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Gaomin Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Tingli Wang
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Guang Han
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Shiyong Song
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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Liu H, Deng M, Zhu Y, Wu D, Tong X, Li L, Wang L, Xu F, Wang T. Establishment of an oligoasthenospermia mouse model based on TAp73 gene suppression. Animal Model Exp Med 2021; 4:351-358. [PMID: 34977486 PMCID: PMC8690982 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oligoasthenospermia is one of the main causes of male infertility. Researchers usually use chemical drugs to directly damage germ cells to prepare oligoasthenospermia models, which disregards the adhesion and migration between spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells. TAp73 is a critical regulator of the adhesin of germ cell; thus, we sought to explore a novel oligoasthenospermia model based on TAp73 gene suppression. Methods Mice in the Pifithrin-α group were injected intraperitoneally with 2.5 mg/kg Pifithrin-α (TAp73 inhibitor) daily for 30 consecutive days. Reproductive hormone levels and epididymal sperm quality, as well as the network morphology of Sertoli cells were tested. Results Sperm density, motility, and the relative protein and mRNA expression of TAp73 and Nectin 2 were obviously decreased in the Pifithrin-α group compared with the normal control group. No significant distinction was observed in the relative mRNA and protein expression of ZO-1. Furthermore, the tight junctions (TJs) and apical ectoplasmic specialization (ES) were destroyed in the Pifithrin-α group. Conclusion The above results indicate that we successfully established a new oligoasthenospermia mouse model. This study provides a foundation for further exploration of the roles of TAp73 genes during spermatogenesis and provides new research objects for further oligospermia research and future drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Juan Liu
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Meng‐Yun Deng
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Yan‐Yan Zhu
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - De‐Ling Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medical FormulaSchool of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Xiao‐Hui Tong
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Li Li
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Fei Xu
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Tong‐Sheng Wang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medical FormulaSchool of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
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"Yiqi Huayu, Wenyang Lishui" Prescription (YHWLP) Improves the Symptoms of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Induced Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease by Inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6636426. [PMID: 34737781 PMCID: PMC8563114 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6636426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic pulmonary heart disease (CPHD) is a common type of heart disease. In China, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the main causes of CPHD. At present, there is no specific therapy for COPD-induced CPHD, so it is of great importance to identify a new therapy for CPHD. Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of "Yiqi Huayu, Wenyang Lishui" prescription (YHWLP) on CPHD symptoms. Methods Eighty patients with COPD-induced CPHD were randomly divided into the control group and the YHWLP group, both involving treatment for 3 months. Both groups were treated with Western medicine, and the YHWLP group was also treated with YHWLP. The changes (relative to baseline) in the symptoms, pulmonary arterial pressure, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen (Fbg), D-dimer (D-D), and ratio of phosphorylated (p)-myosin-binding subunit (MBS)/total (t)-MBS in peripheral blood (which indirectly indicates the activation/inhibition of RhoA/ROCK signaling) were compared between the two groups. Results YHWLP plus Western medicine was superior to Western medicine alone at reducing symptoms, pulmonary arterial pressure, PT, aPTT, Fbg, D-D, and p-MBS/t-MBS. Conclusion YHWLP can relieve CPHD by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway, which means YHWLP is a potential treatment for CPHD.
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Wu Q, Li D, Sun T, Liu J, Ou H, Zheng L, Hou X, Li W, Fan F. Bai-He-Gu-Jin-Tang formula suppresses lung cancer via AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin and induces autophagy via the AMPK/mTORC1/ULK1 signaling pathway. J Cancer 2021; 12:6576-6587. [PMID: 34659548 PMCID: PMC8489124 DOI: 10.7150/jca.62779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Bai-He-Gu-Jin-Tang (BHGJT) is a classic Chinese formula used to treat lung cancer, while the underlying molecular mechanism remains obscure. The aim of the study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of BHGJT on lung cancer and demonstrate the potential for synergistic treatment combining BHGJT with conventional therapy. Methods: Cell viability assay, colony formation assay and EdU assay were used to determine the in vitro effects of BHGJT, and a subcutaneous xenograft model was used to evaluate the in vivo effect. Cell cycle analysis, apoptosis rate analysis, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining, Western blot assays and network pharmacology-based analysis were used to explore the underlying mechanisms. Results: We found that BHGJT inhibited cell proliferation via a dose-dependent pathway and obviously hindered tumor growth in vivo in lung cancer. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were pronouncedly induced by BHGJT via dysregulation of the cell cycle regulators CDK4 and Cyclin D1 and dysregulation of apoptosis-associated proteins, such as cleaved caspase 3/9 and the BCL-2 family. Based on a network pharmacology-based analysis and experimental evidence, we demonstrated that the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathways were responsible for BHGJT-induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Additionally, autophagy was induced by BHGJT via the AMPK/mTORC1/ULK1 signaling pathway, and blocking autophagy with either chloroquine or a ULK1 inhibitor increased the killing efficiency of BHGJT in lung cancer cells. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the BHGJT formula efficiently inhibits lung cancer growth and represents a potential complementary and alternative treatment for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quhui Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Da Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Taoli Sun
- Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Huiping Ou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xuyang Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Wenqun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Fuyuan Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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12
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Luo Y, Fu X, Han B, Zhang F, Yuan L, Men H, Zhang S, Tian S, Dong B, Meng M. The Apoptosis Mechanism of Epirubicin Combined with BCG on Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1571-1581. [PMID: 32357825 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200502004002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of our study was to explore the combination effect of epirubicin and Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) and its mechanism. BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is a threat to human health worldwide. Commonly used chemotherapy drugs and biotherapy have significant therapeutic effects on bladder cancer, but the mechanism and combined effects are still unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-cancer effect of epirubicin combined with BCG on human bladder cancer cells, our studies were carried out. METHODS The viability of human bladder cancer cells with epirubicin and/or BCG treatments was examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle phase were determined by flow cytometry analysis. Pre-apoptosis factors of caspase-3, p53, B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X protein (Bax) and anti-apoptosis factor of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) were detected by western blot. RESULTS The viability of human bladder cancer with epirubicin or BCG treatment was decreased and the viability with epirubicin combined with BCG treatment was decreased more, which were determined by CCK-8 assay. Both epirubicin and BCG increased the apoptosis rate of human bladder cancer and arrested more cells into G0/G1 phase, which were tested by flow cytometry. The expression of caspase-3, p53 and Bax was increased and the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased with epirubicin treatment on human bladder cells, which were analyzed by western blot. The expression of caspase-3 and p53 was increased with BCG treatment, which was examined by western blot. CONCLUSION Epirubicin induced apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells by up-regulating the expression of proapoptotic factors (caspase-3, p53 and Bax) and down-regulating the expression of anti-apoptotic factor (Bcl-2). BCG promoted apoptosis of human bladder cancer cells by up-regulating the expression of caspase-3 and p53. BCG plays a potential role at the time of the combination of epirubicin and BCG on bladder cancer cells in early stage. Both epirubicin and BCG affected cell cycle distribution via arresting more bladder cancer cells at G0/G1 phase, which ultimately led bladder cancer proliferation in vitro and promoted apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Luo
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyi Fu
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Han
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fafu Zhang
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lihong Yuan
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Shulin Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Sujuan Tian
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Dong
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Minjie Meng
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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13
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Yan QX, Pan Y, Huang HL, Zhao H. Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products in Lung Cancer. INT J PHARMACOL 2021. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2021.251.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Ze-Qi-Tang Formula Induces Granulocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Apoptosis via STAT3/S100A9/Bcl-2/Caspase-3 Signaling to Prolong the Survival of Mice with Orthotopic Lung Cancer. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:8856326. [PMID: 33867859 PMCID: PMC8035014 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8856326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the most common malignancy with the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. In our previous study, we found that a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula Ze-Qi-Tang (ZQT), which has been used in the treatment of respiratory diseases for thousands of years, could directly inhibit the growth of human NSCLC cells via the p53 signaling pathway. In this study, we explored the immunomodulatory functions of ZQT. We found that ZQT significantly prolonged the survival of orthotopic lung cancer model mice by modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). ZQT remarkably reduced the number of MDSCs (especially G-MDSCs) and inhibited their immunosuppressive activity by inducing apoptosis in these cells via the STAT3/S100A9/Bcl-2/caspase-3 signaling pathway. When G-MDSCs were depleted, the survival promotion effect of ZQT and its inhibitory effect on lung luminescence signal disappeared in tumor-bearing mice. This is the first study to illustrate the immunomodulatory effect of ZQT in NSCLC and the underlying molecular mechanism.
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15
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Huo B, Song Y, Tan B, Li J, Zhang J, Zhang F, Chang L. TMT-based proteomics analysis of the effects of Qianjinweijing Tang on lung cancer. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5116. [PMID: 33724505 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Qianjinweijing Tang (QJWJ) is a classic traditional Chinese formula that is often used in the treatment of treat lung cancer (LC). However, the underlying cellular mechanisms of the anticancer effects of QJWJ remain unclear. Cell viability was determined by MTS assay and levels of apoptosis measured by flow cytometry. Animal experiments were conducted to determine the effects of QJWJ on tumor growth in vivo. We used a proteomics approach to study the effects of QJWJ on LC cells and applied bioinformatics analysis to identify differentially expressed proteins that were validated by western blotting. QJWJ inhibited the proliferation of LC cells and induced apoptosis. The tumor growth delay effects of QJWJ were confirmed in vivo. We identified 104 differentially expressed proteins following QJWJ treatments of which 45 proteins were upregulated and 59 were downregulated. The levels of differentially expressed proteins were validated by western blotting. Our study indicated that QJWJ has anticancer effects in vivo and in vitro and that these effects are mediated by modulating the expression of tumor-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Huo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Yanru Song
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Bibo Tan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Fengbin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology Pharmacology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Liang Chang
- HeBei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
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Li M, Shang H, Wang T, Yang SQ, Li L. Huanglian decoction suppresses the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by reducing CCNB1 expression. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:939-958. [PMID: 33776365 PMCID: PMC7968131 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i10.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in human populations worldwide. Huanglian decoction is one of the most important Chinese medicine formulas, with the potential to treat cancer.
AIM To investigate the role and mechanism of Huanglian decoction on HCC cells.
METHODS To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we downloaded gene expression profile data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE45436) databases. We obtained phytochemicals of the four herbs of Huanglian decoction from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. We also established a regulatory network of DEGs and drug target genes and subsequently analyzed key genes using bioinformatics approaches. Furthermore, we conducted in vitro experiments to explore the effect of Huanglian decoction and to verify the predictions. In particular, the CCNB1 gene was knocked down to verify the primary target of this decoction. Through the identification of the expression levels of key proteins, we determined the primary mechanism of Huanglian decoction in HCC.
RESULTS Based on the results of the network pharmacological analysis, we revealed 5 bioactive compounds in Huanglian decoction that act on HCC. In addition, a protein-protein interaction network analysis of the target genes of these five compounds as well as expression and prognosis analyses were performed in tumors. CCNB1 was confirmed to be the primary gene that may be highly expressed in tumors and was significantly associated with a worse prognosis. We also noted that CCNB1 may serve as an independent prognostic indicator in HCC. Moreover, in vitro experiments demonstrated that Huanglian decoction significantly inhibited the growth, migration, and invasiveness of HCC cells and induced cell apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest. Further analysis showed that the decoction may inhibit the growth of HCC cells by downregulating the CCNB1 expression level. After Huanglian decoction treatment, the expression levels of Bax, caspase 3, caspase 9, p21 and p53 in HCC cells were increased, while the expression of CDK1 and CCNB1 was significantly decreased. The p53 signaling pathway was also found to play an important role in this process.
CONCLUSION Huanglian decoction has a significant inhibitory effect on HCC cells. CCNB1 is a potential therapeutic target in HCC. Further analysis showed that Huanglian decoction can inhibit HCC cell growth by downregulating the expression of CCNB1 to activate the p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255036, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hua Shang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255036, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255036, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shui-Qing Yang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin px806, New Zealand
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17
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Ke W, Zhao X, Lu Z. Foeniculum vulgare seed extract induces apoptosis in lung cancer cells partly through the down-regulation of Bcl-2. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111213. [PMID: 33395604 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The factors behind the pathogenesis of lung cancer are not clear, and treatment failure is generally caused by drug resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. Development of new therapeutic agents to overcome drug-resistance remains a challenge clinically. Various extracts of Foeniculum vulgare have shown promising anticancer activity; however, effects on lung cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms of action are not clear. In the present study, we found that the ethanol extract of Foeniculum vulgare seeds (EEFS) significantly reduced lung cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. EEFS decreased the viability of and triggered apoptosis in the lung cancer cell lines NCI-H446 and NCI-H661. EEFS induced apoptosis mainly through inhibition of Bcl-2 protein expression, reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, and release of Cytochrome C. Moreover, EEFS significantly inhibited colony formation and cell migration in lung cancer cells. EEFS also effectively inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors derived from NCI-446 cells by reducing Bcl-2 protein expression and inducing apoptosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that EEFS exerts anti-lung cancer activity by targeting the Bcl-2 protein and may have potential as a therapeutic drug for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Ke
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, LN, China
| | - Xiangxuan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, LN, China.
| | - Zaiming Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, LN, China.
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18
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Li Z, Feiyue Z, Gaofeng L. Traditional Chinese medicine and lung cancer--From theory to practice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111381. [PMID: 33601147 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With the continuous breakthroughs in molecular biology and biochemistry, we have constantly made great progress in the treatment of lung cancer. There is no doubt that standard treatment (such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy) has greatly improved the prognosis of lung cancer populations. In particular, the immunotherapy has brought more and more good news to countless lung cancer patients. In contrast to these standard treatments, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) rarely has a profound and comprehensive overview in the field of lung cancer. This article will summarize the latest progress of TCM in lung cancer which is mainly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from theory to clinical practice, which would carry forward the sophisticated TCM and promote the development of modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Li
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Department of Thoracic Tumor Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Zhang Feiyue
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Department of Thoracic Tumor Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Li Gaofeng
- Department of Thoracic Tumor Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming 650118, China.
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19
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Fan Y, Ma Z, Zhao L, Wang W, Gao M, Jia X, Ouyang H, He J. Anti-tumor activities and mechanisms of Traditional Chinese medicines formulas: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110820. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Yao C, Su L, Zhang F, Zhu X, Zhu Y, Wei L, Jiao X, Hou Y, Chen X, Wang W, Wang J, Zhu X, Zou C, Zhu S, Xu Z. Thevebioside, the active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine, promotes ubiquitin-mediated SRC-3 degradation to induce NSCLC cells apoptosis. Cancer Lett 2020; 493:167-177. [PMID: 32829007 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for more than 85% of lung cancer with high incidence and mortality. Accumulating studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its active ingredients have good anti-tumor activity. However, the anti-tumor effect of Thevebioside (THB), an active ingredient from TCM, is still unknown in NSCLC. In this study, to our best knowledge, it was the first time to report the underlying mechanism of its tumor-suppressive activity in NSCLC based on our previous high-throughput screening data. We further demonstrated that THB effectively inhibited the proliferation of NSCLC cells (A549 and H460) by inducing cellular apoptosis rather than cell cycle arrest. Notably, it was demonstrated that SRC-3 was significantly down-regulated after THB treatment dependent on ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation, which subsequently inhibited the IGF-1R-PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and promoted apoptosis via both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Collectively, THB exerted inhibitory effect on tumor growth of NSCLC through inhibiting SRC-3 mediated IGF-1R-PI3K-AKT signaling by ubiquitination to induce cellular apoptosis with minimal toxicity no matter in vitro or vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lin Su
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yangzhuangzhuang Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Luyao Wei
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaoning Jiao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yifei Hou
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wantao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiandan Zhu
- Experimental Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chunpu Zou
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Shiguo Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zihang Xu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Ma WP, Hu SM, Xu YL, Li HH, Ma XQ, Wei BH, Li FY, Guan HS, Yu GL, Liu M, Liu HB. Haimufang decoction, a Chinese medicine formula for lung cancer, arrests cell cycle, stimulates apoptosis in NCI-H1975 cells, and induces M1 polarization in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:243. [PMID: 32758223 PMCID: PMC7404932 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer has the highest morbidity and mortality in the world and novel treatment strategies are still needed. Haimufang decoction (HMF) is a patented clinical prescription of traditional Chinese medicine for lung cancer treatment. HMF is composed of four herbs and has been applied clinically in advanced cancer patients. However, its therapeutic mechanisms are still unclear. This study aims to elucidate the possible mechanisms of HMF for the treatment of lung cancer. METHODS 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide assay was applied for evaluating the proliferative effect of HMF in lung cancer cells and monocyte macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Flow cytometer was used to detect the effects of HMF on cell cycle and apoptosis, and western blotting was employed to explore the potential apoptotic mechanisms of HMF on lung cancer cells. For immunomodulatory effect, co-culture system was used to detect the activation of macrophage RAW264.7 cells when treated with HMF, and neutral red assay was used to measure the effect of HMF on the phagocytosis of the activated macrophages. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometer, and immunofluorescence staining method were employed for the investigation on the underlying mechanisms of the immunomodulatory effect on RAW264.7 induced by HMF. RESULTS HMF inhibited the proliferation, induced S phase cell cycle arrest, and stimulated apoptosis in lung cancer NCI-H1975 cells, while had negligible cytotoxicity on macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, HMF could activate macrophage RAW264.7 cells and promote the inhibition activity of RAW264.7 cells against lung cancer cells. And also, HMF activated macrophages and increased their phagocytic activity in a concentration-dependent manner. HMF increased the expression of macrophage activation marker CD40, the level of nitric oxide, the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, as well as M1 macrophages cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin 12 p70, and interleukin 6. Further investigation showed that HMF induced M1 but not M2 phenotype polarization in RAW264.7 cells. CONCLUSIONS HMF can mainly exert anticancer activity via (1) cytotoxicity to human lung cancer cells by proliferation inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis induction; and also via (2) immunomodulation via macrophage cells activation and M1 phenotype polarization induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shu-Man Hu
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yan-Lai Xu
- Naval Secret Service Nursing Center of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Bao-Hong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Fu-Yu Li
- Naval Secret Service Nursing Center of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Shi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Guang-Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Hong-Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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22
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Electrochemical CYFRA21-1 DNA sensor with PCR-like sensitivity based on AgNPs and cascade polymerization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:4155-4163. [PMID: 32306069 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02652-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a new method of CYFRA21-1 DNA (tDNA) detection based on electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (e-ATRP) and surface-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (SI-RAFT) cascade polymerization and AgNP deposition is proposed. Firstly, the peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe is captured on a gold electrode by Au-S bonds for specific recognition of tDNA. After hybridization, PNA/DNA strands provide high-density phosphate groups for the subsequent ATRP initiator by the identified carboxylate-Zr4+-phosphate chemistry. Then, a large number of monomers are successfully grafted from the DNA through the e-ATRP reaction. After that, the chain transfer agent of SI-RAFT and methacrylic acid (MAA) are connected by recognized carboxylate-Zr4+-carboxylate chemistry. Subsequently, through SI-RAFT, the resulting polymer introduces numerous aldehyde groups, which could deposit many AgNPs on tDNA through silver mirror reaction, causing significant amplification of the electrochemical signal. Under optimal conditions, this designed method exhibits a low detection limit of 0.487 aM. Moreover, the method enables us to detect DNA at the level of PCR-like and shows high selectivity and strong anti-interference ability in the presence of serum. It suggests that this new sensing signal amplification technology exhibits excellent potential of application in the early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Graphical abstract Electrochemical detection principle for CYFRA21-1 DNA based on e-ATRP and SI-RAFT signal amplification technology.
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23
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Ma H, Bai X, Sun X, Li B, Zhu M, Dai Y, Huo Q, Li HM, Wu CZ. Anti-cancer effects of methanol-ethyl acetate partitioned fraction from Magnolia grandiflora in human non-small cell lung cancer H1975 cells. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2020; 52:175-183. [PMID: 32291605 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09828-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes nearly 85% of all cases of lung cancer. Drug resistance, dose-limiting toxicity, and metastasis in NSCLC eventually reduce the efficacy of chemotherapeutics. In this study, we have shown that the methanol-ethyl acetate partitioned fraction from Magnolia grandiflora L. seeds (MEM) exhibit potential anti-cancer activities against NSCLC H1975 cells in vivo and in vitro. MEM significantly inhibited the proliferation of H1975 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Further, MEM exhibited potent anti-tumor efficacy and low toxicity in nude mice bearing H1975 tumors. Our study also showed that MEM could induce cellular apoptosis in H1975 cells by down-regulating the protein expression levels of Akt and p-Akt-473, and by increasing the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. Also, MEM significantly inhibited metastasis-related cell invasion and migration of H1975 cells, which associated with the down-regulation of HIF-1α, MMP-2, and MMP-9 protein expression levels. Thus, our data shows that MEM may be an effective fraction of M. grandiflora in NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 233030, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiangjian Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 233030, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaolong Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 233030, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Bohan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 233030, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Meilin Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 233030, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yiqun Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 233030, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Qiang Huo
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 233030, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Hong-Mei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 233030, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Cheng-Zhu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 233030, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
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24
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Chinese Herbal Formulas Miao-Yi-Ai-Tang Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration of Lung Cancer Cells through Targeting β-Catenin/AXIN and Presents Synergistic Effect with Cisplatin Suppressing Lung Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2761850. [PMID: 32051824 PMCID: PMC6995313 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2761850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective Lung cancer is one of the major causes of cancer deaths worldwide, and the five-year survival still remains low despite the improvement of screening, prevention, and treatment methods. Chinese herbal medicines have been widely used for tumor prevention and treatment. Miao-Yi-Ai-Tang (Miao) is a novel herbal formulation and shows a potential anticancer effect. Materials and Methods. Human Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell was used for study in vitro. After treatments by Miao and Cisplatin (DDP), the invasion, migration, proliferation, and apoptosis of cells were detected by transwell, wound healing, CCK-8, and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression of β-catenin, AXIN, and c-myc was detected by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry staining. Western blotting was applied for measuring the protein expression of β-catenin, AXIN, and c-myc was detected by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry staining. Western blotting was applied for measuring the protein expression of Results We found that Miao could inhibit invasion, migration, and proliferation and promote apoptosis of human lung cancer cells. Meanwhile, Miao and DDP presented synergy regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of lung cancer cells. The percentage of lung cancer cells in S and G2 stages was increased markedly by Miao. Besides, the expression of c-myc, AXIN, and β-catenin, AXIN, and c-myc was detected by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry staining. Western blotting was applied for measuring the protein expression of Conclusions Chinese herbal formulas Miao could suppress lung cancer through targeting the β-catenin/AXIN signaling pathway. Therefore, our findings may provide a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer.β-catenin, AXIN, and c-myc was detected by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry staining. Western blotting was applied for measuring the protein expression of
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Tang JM, Fan WT, Chu PY, Wu DL, Cao FD, Zhang Y. Sonochemical Synthesis of Two New Nanostructured La(III) Coordination Polymers: Inducing Tongue Cancer Cell Apoptosis and ROS Accumulation by Targeting FHIT. J CLUST SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-019-01636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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26
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Wang Y, Xu C, Xu B, Li L, Li W, Wang W, Wu M. Xiaoai Jiedu Recipe Inhibits Proliferation and Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Blocking the P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7538-7546. [PMID: 31590176 PMCID: PMC6792514 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. Its major histopathological subtype is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Xiaoai Jiedu recipe (XJR) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula that can suppress growth and invasion of tumor cells. Here, we assessed the antitumor effect of XJR on NSCLC explored the underlying mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three concentrations of XJR (low, middle, and high) were used to treat A549 cells. Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assay were used to measure proliferation of A549 cells. Apoptosis was evaluated by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis-associated proteins was measured by Western blot analysis. Transwell and scratch wound healing assay were used to assess invasion and migration, respectively, of A549 cells. The expression of p38 MAPK pathway-associated proteins were measured using Western blot analysis. RESULTS XJR suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis of A549 cells, especially in the high-dose group. The expression of Bcl-2 was reduced with increasing expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9. Invasion and migration abilities of A549 cells were inhibited after XJR treatment. XJR treatment decreased the expression levels of phosphorylated p38 (p-p38), p-ERK, and p-JNK in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that XJR can inhibit proliferation, invasion, and migration, and induce apoptosis of NSCLC by blocking the p38 MAPK pathway, which shows the potential of XJR as a new treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Wang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Endoscopic Center of Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Chunhua Xu
- Endoscopic Center of Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Bin Xu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Oncology, The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Wenting Li
- Institute of Oncology, The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Wang
- Endoscopic Center of Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Mianhua Wu
- Institute of Oncology, The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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