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Zongo E, Busuioc A, Meda RNT, Botezatu AV, Mihaila MD, Mocanu AM, Avramescu SM, Koama BK, Kam SE, Belem H, Somda FLS, Ouedraogo C, Ouedraogo GA, Dinica RM. Exploration of the Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Potential of Cassia sieberiana DC and Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh, Traditionally Used in the Treatment of Hepatitis in the Hauts-Bassins Region of Burkina Faso. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010133. [PMID: 36678629 PMCID: PMC9863482 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the supreme biological response to illness. In the Hauts-Bassins region, in traditional medicine, all parts of Cassia sieberiana and Piliostigma thonningii are used to treat hepatitis and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of their aqueous extracts. High performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array (HPLC-DAD) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analyses highlighted the presence of polyphenols and flavonoids. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were measured by various methods such as DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), TAC (total antioxidant capacity), anti-protease, anti-lipoxygenase, and membrane stabilization. The best antioxidant activity was observed in the bark (DPPH: IC50 = 13.45 ± 0.10 µg/mL) and roots (TAC = 29.68 ± 1.48 mg AAE/g DW) of Piliostigma thonningii and in the roots (ABTS: IC50 = 1.83 ± 0.34 µg/mL) of Cassia sieberiana. The best anti-inflammatory activity was observed in the bark (anti-lipoxygenase: IC50 = 13.04 ± 1.99 µg/mL) and leaves (anti-proteases: IC50 = 75.74 ± 1.07 µg/mL, membrane stabilization: IC50 = 48.32 ± 6.39 µg/mL) of Cassia sieberiana. Total polyphenols (ABTS: r = -0.679, TAC: r = 0.960) and condensed tannins (ABTS: r = -0.702, TAC: r = 0.701) were strongly correlated with antioxidant activity. Total flavonoids (anti-proteases: r = -0.729), condensed tannins (anti-proteases: r = 0.698), and vitamin C (anti-proteases: r = -0.953) were strongly correlated with anti-inflammatory activity. Total polyphenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and vitamin C could contribute to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the two studied plants. These results could validate the traditional use of these plants to treat various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliasse Zongo
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso
| | - Anna Busuioc
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (R.M.D.)
| | - Roland Nâg-Tiero Meda
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso
| | - Andreea Veronica Botezatu
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania
| | - Maria Daniela Mihaila
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Mocanu
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Soseaua Panduri, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Marius Avramescu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Soseaua Panduri, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Benjamin Kouliga Koama
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso
| | - Sami Eric Kam
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso
| | - Hadidiatou Belem
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso
| | - Franck Le Sage Somda
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso
| | - Clarisse Ouedraogo
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso
| | - Georges Anicet Ouedraogo
- Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso
| | - Rodica Mihaela Dinica
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (R.M.D.)
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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Olive Oil Polyphenols-The Role of Oleacein and Its Metabolites. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112990. [PMID: 36428559 PMCID: PMC9687571 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory potential of oleacein, the main polyphenolic compound found in olive oil, and its main metabolites were characterized by their effects on RAW 264.7 macrophages challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and by their ability to inhibit enzymes of the arachidonic acid metabolism with a key role in the synthesis of pro-inflammatory lipid mediators. Oleacein at 12.5 µM significantly decreased the amount of L-citrulline and ●NO generated by LPS-stimulated macrophages. Hydroxytyrosol, hydroxytyrosol acetate and hydroxytyrosol acetate sulfate were also able to reduce the cellular amount of ●NO, although to a lesser extent. In contrast, hydroxytyrosol glucuronide and sulfate did not show detectable effects. Oleacein was also able to inhibit the coupled PLA2 + 5-LOX enzyme system (IC50 = 16.11 µM), as well as the 5-LOX enzyme (IC50 = 45.02 µM). Although with lower activity, both hydroxytyrosol and hydroxytyrosol acetate were also capable of inhibiting these enzymes at a concentration of 100 µM. None of the other tested metabolites showed a capacity to inhibit these enzymes. In contrast, all compounds, including glucuronides and sulfate metabolites, showed a remarkable capacity to inhibit both cyclooxygenase isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2, with IC50 values lower than 3 µM. Therefore, oleacein and its metabolites have the ability to modulate ●NO- and arachidonic acid-dependent inflammatory cascades, contributing to the anti-inflammatory activity associated with olive oil polyphenols.
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Xiao W, Shen Y, Xu Y. LOX G473A induces the formation of osteoclasts in RAW264.7 cells via IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112890. [PMID: 34695437 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Formation of osteoclasts is known to be closely associated with osteoporosis progression. LOX is a key enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of collagen, which is the new mediator in osteoclast formation. However, the effect of LOXG473A on of osteoclast formation needs to be explored. Thereby, we sought to explore the effect of LOXG473A on formation of osteoclasts and its underlying mechanism. To investigate the function of LOXG473A in osteoclast formation, Raw264.7 cells were stably transfected with LOX-WT or LOX-MUT (LOXG473A). Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to detect the relative levels of osteoclast formation related genes and proteins. TRAP staining and immunofluorescence staining were used to test the ability of Raw264.7 cells to form osteoclasts and the ability of cells to form rings, respectively. Bone erosion assay was used to test bone resorptive activity. The data indicated that LOXG473A significantly enhanced the ability of osteoclasts forming, ring-forming and bone resorpting in Raw264.7 cells. Mechanically, LOXG473A upregulated the expressions of NFATC1, ACP5, CTSK, IL-6, and the proportion of p-JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3, thereby promoting the formation of osteoclasts. In conclusion, we have verified that LOXG473A induces the proliferation of osteoclasts in Raw264.7 cells via IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling, suggesting a novel strategy for studying osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Yuxia Shen
- Department of Ultrasound, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215153, China
| | - Youjia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China.
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