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Sumii Y, Shibata N. Current State of Microflow Trifluoromethylation Reactions. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300117. [PMID: 37309300 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The trifluoromethyl group is a powerful structural motif in drugs and polymers; thus, developing trifluoromethylation reactions is an important area of research in organic chemistry. Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in developing new methods for the trifluoromethylation of organic molecules, ranging from nucleophilic and electrophilic approaches to transition-metal catalysis, photocatalysis, and electrolytic reactions. While these reactions were initially developed in batch systems, more recent microflow versions are highly attractive for industrial applications owing to their scalability, safety, and time efficiency. In this review, we discuss the current state of microflow trifluoromethylation. Approaches for microflow trifluoromethylation based on different trifluoromethylation reagents are described, including continuous flow, flow photochemical, microfluidic electrochemical reactions, and large-scale microflow reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Sumii
- Department of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
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2
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Tagami K, Ofuji Y, Kanbara T, Yajima T. Metal-free visible-light-induced hydroxy-perfluoroalkylation of conjugated olefins using enamine catalyst. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32790-32795. [PMID: 36425182 PMCID: PMC9667149 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06679c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a simple and sustainable method for the hydroxy-perfluoroalkylation of electron-deficient conjugated olefins and styrenes. In this protcol, in situ generated enamine forms electron-donor-accepter (EDA) complexes with perfluoroalkyl iodide, and reaction proceed with visible-light irradiation. Tertiary amine also interacts with perfluoroalkyl iodide via halogen-bonding, promoting the perfluoroalkyl radical generation. This reaction does not require any transition-metal or photoredox catalyst, and gaseous oxygen is used as the green hydroxy source. Moreover, various commercially available substrates and perfluoroalkyl iodides were tolerated, affording the desired hydroxy-perfluoroalkylated products in good to moderate yields (>50 examples, up to 90%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Koto Tagami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8610 Japan
| | - Yu Ofuji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8610 Japan
| | - Tadashi Kanbara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8610 Japan
| | - Tomoko Yajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8610 Japan
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3
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Allylic substitution reactions with fluorinated nucleophiles. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Fang CZ, Zhang BB, Li B, Wang ZX, Chen XY. Water facilitated photolysis of perfluoroalkyl iodides via halogen bonding. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00056c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for the efficient water facilitated photolysis of perfluoroalkyl iodide has been established for the synthesis of various perfluoroalkylated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Zhen Fang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baolin Li
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Helmecke L, Spittler M, Baumgarten K, Czekelius C. Metal-Free Activation of C–I Bonds and Perfluoroalkylation of Alkenes with Visible Light Using Phosphine Catalysts. Org Lett 2019; 21:7823-7827. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Helmecke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Spittler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Baumgarten
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Constantin Czekelius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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6
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Tian PP, Xiao HQ, Wang L, Yu Y, Huang Y. Nucleophilic fluoroalkylation of terminal vinyl triflones with SO2CF3 as a removable activating group. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Ligand-free trifluoromethylation of iodoarenes by use of 2-Aryl-2-trifluoromethylbenzimidazoline as new trifluoromethylating reagent. J Fluor Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Trifonov AL, Levin VV, Struchkova MI, Dilman AD. Difluoromethylation of Carboxylic Acids via the Addition of Difluorinated Phosphorus Ylide to Acyl Chlorides. Org Lett 2017; 19:5304-5307. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey L. Trifonov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
- D.
Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Higher Chemical College, Miusskaya sq. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vitalij V. Levin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina I. Struchkova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander D. Dilman
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
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Yajima T, Ikegami M. Metal-Free Visible-Light Radical Iodoperfluoroalkylation of Terminal Alkenes and Alkynes. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Yajima
- Department of Chemistry; Ochanomizu University; 2-1-1 Otuska, Bunkyo-ku 112-8610 Tokyo Japan
| | - Mako Ikegami
- Department of Chemistry; Ochanomizu University; 2-1-1 Otuska, Bunkyo-ku 112-8610 Tokyo Japan
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Honda K, Harris TV, Hatanaka M, Morokuma K, Mikami K. Computational S
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2‐Type Mechanism for the Difluoromethylation of Lithium Enolate with Fluoroform through Bimetallic C−F Bond Dual Activation. Chemistry 2016; 22:8796-800. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Honda
- Department of Applied Chemistry Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Travis V. Harris
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8103 Japan
- Department of Chemistry University of Puget Sound Tacoma Washington 98416 USA
| | - Miho Hatanaka
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8103 Japan
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering Kinki University Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Keiji Morokuma
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8103 Japan
| | - Koichi Mikami
- Department of Applied Chemistry Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
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Yoshimura A, Nomoto A, Uchida M, Kusano H, Saeki T, Ogawa A. Highly selective photoinduced perfluoroalkylation of vinylsilanes and its application to synthesis of water-shedding polysilanes. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2424-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Jin G, Zhang X, Fu D, Dai W, Cao S. Mild and metal-free trifluoromethylation and pentafluoroethylation of gem-difluoroalkenes with TMSCF3 and TMSCF2CF3. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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He L, Natte K, Rabeah J, Taeschler C, Neumann H, Brückner A, Beller M. Heterogeneous Platinum-Catalyzed CH Perfluoroalkylation of Arenes and Heteroarenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:4320-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201411066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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He L, Natte K, Rabeah J, Taeschler C, Neumann H, Brückner A, Beller M. Heterogeneous Platinum-Catalyzed CH Perfluoroalkylation of Arenes and Heteroarenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201411066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Advances in metal-assisted non-electrophilic fluoroalkylation reactions of organic compounds. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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16
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Sun J, Peng X, Guo H. Photoinduced additive-free trifluoromethylation of aromatic aldehydes with TMSCF3. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Alonso C, Martínez de Marigorta E, Rubiales G, Palacios F. Carbon trifluoromethylation reactions of hydrocarbon derivatives and heteroarenes. Chem Rev 2015; 115:1847-935. [PMID: 25635524 DOI: 10.1021/cr500368h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 779] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Alonso
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I - Centro de Investigación Lascaray, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad del País Vasco , Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
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Duda B, Lentz D. Simultaneous introduction of trifluoromethyl and λ6-pentafluorosulfanyl substituents using F5S–CC–CF3 as a dienophile. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:5625-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00610d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
SF5–CC–CF3 as a powerful dienophile in Diels–Alder reactions, provides the corresponding products in up to quantitative yields and allows the introduction of the pentafluorosulfanyl group and trifluoromethyl group at the 1,2 position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blazej Duda
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Dieter Lentz
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
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Ni C, Hu M, Hu J. Good partnership between sulfur and fluorine: sulfur-based fluorination and fluoroalkylation reagents for organic synthesis. Chem Rev 2014; 115:765-825. [PMID: 25144886 DOI: 10.1021/cr5002386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 917] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfa Ni
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai City, Shanghai 200032, China
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