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Payne DR, Vinson J, Powers J, McDaniel BT, Sevier C, Marshall C, Sell S. Effect of Weighted Blanket Versus Traditional Practices on Anxiety and Pain in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. AORN J 2024; 119:429-439. [PMID: 38804725 DOI: 10.1002/aorn.14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Perioperative anxiety is common in surgical patients and linked to poor outcomes. This multicenter randomized controlled trial assessed the effect of the use of a warm weighted blanket on presurgical anxiety and pain, as well as postsurgical restlessness, nausea, and vomiting. Levels of anxiety and pain were measured in adult patients using a 100-point visual analog scale before elective surgery. Patients received either a warm weighted blanket (n = 74) or a traditional sheet or nonweighted blanket (n = 74). Patients in the intervention group had significantly lower preoperative anxiety scores (mean [SD] = 26.28 [25.75]) compared to the control group (mean [SD] = 38.73 [30.55], P = .008). However, the intervention had no significant effect on presurgical pain or postsurgical nausea, vomiting, or restlessness. These results suggest that weighted blankets reduce preoperative anxiety in adult patients.
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Song R, Tao G, Guo F, Ma H, Zhang J, Wang Y. The change of attention network functions and physiological adaptation during high-altitude hypoxia and reoxygenation. Physiol Behav 2023; 268:114240. [PMID: 37201691 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have not reached a definitive conclusion regarding the effect of high-altitude hypoxia and reoxygenation on attention. To clarify the influence of altitude and exposure time on attention and the relations between physiological activity and attention, we conducted a longitudinal study to track attention network functions in 26 college students. The scores on the attention network test and physiological data, including heart rate, percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), blood pressure, and vital capacity in pulmonary function measurement, were collected at five time-points: two weeks before arriving at high altitude (baseline), within 3 days after arriving at high altitude (HA3), 21 days after arriving at high altitude (HA21), 7 days after returning to sea level (POST7) and 30 days after returning to sea level (POST30). The alerting scores at POST30 were significantly higher than those at baseline, HA3 and HA21; the orienting scores at HA3 were lower than those at POST7 and POST30; the executive control scores at POST7 were significantly lower than those at baseline, HA3, HA21, and POST30; and the executive control scores at HA3 were significantly higher than those at POST30. The change in SpO2 during high-altitude acclimatization (from HA3 to HA21) was positively correlated with the orienting score at HA21. Vital capacity changes during acute deacclimatization positively correlated with orienting scores at POST7. Attention network functions at the behavioral level did not decline after acute hypoxia exposure compared with baseline. Attention network functions after returning to sea level were improved compared with those during acute hypoxia; additionally, alerting and executive function scores were improved compared with those at baseline. Thus, the speed of physiological adaptation could facilitate the recovery of orienting function during acclimatization and deacclimatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Getong Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fumei Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hailin Ma
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University/South China Normal University, Guangzhou/Tibet, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- Institute of Brain Diseases and Cognition, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Experiences of Using Weighted Blankets among Children with ADHD and Sleeping Difficulties. Occup Ther Int 2023; 2023:1945290. [PMID: 36824380 PMCID: PMC9943603 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1945290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sleeping difficulties are common in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A sleep intervention with weighted blankets was designed to increase current understanding of using weighted blankets to target children's individual needs in connection with sleep and daytime functioning. Aim To explore how children with ADHD and sleeping difficulties experience the use of weighted blankets. Methods An explorative qualitative design in which 26 children with ADHD and sleeping difficulties, 6-15 years old, were interviewed about a sleep intervention with weighted blankets. Four categories emerged from qualitative content analysis. Results Children's experiences revealed that the use of weighted blankets 1) requires a commitment, by adjusting according to needs and preferences and adapting to the environment; 2) improves emotional regulation by feeling calm and feeling safe; 3) changes sleeping patterns by creating new routines for sleep and improving sleep quality; and 4) promotes everyday participation by promoting daily function and balancing activity and sleep. Conclusions Using weighted blankets promoted children's management of daily life with ADHD and sleeping difficulties. Occupational therapists can improve the assessment and delivery of weighted blankets tailored to individual needs based on increased knowledge from the children themselves.
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Hjort Telhede E, Arvidsson S, Karlsson S, Ivarsson A. Weighted Blankets' Effect on the Health of Older People Living in Nursing Homes. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:geriatrics7040079. [PMID: 36005255 PMCID: PMC9408528 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7040079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: An increasingly aging population is a global phenomenon. While considered a positive step forward, vulnerability to age-related health problems increases along with the ageing population. The aim of the study was to investigate weighted blankets’ effect on health regarding quality of life (QoL), sleep, nutrition, cognition, activities of daily living ADL and medication in older people living in nursing homes. Methods: In total, 110 older people were involved in an intervention with weighted blankets, and 68 older people completed the intervention. Measures before and after were performed regarding quality of life; QoL-AD, EQ-VAS, sleep; MISS, nutrition; MNA, cognition; S -MMSE (ADL) and medication. Comparative statistical analyses were applied. Results: After intervention with weighted blankets, health in general, such as QoL, improved. Sleep also improved significantly, especially with respect to waking up during the night. Nutrition was enhanced, health as a cognitive ability improved, and medication in the psychoanaleptic group decreased. The effect size varied between small and large. Conclusions: A weighted blanket seems to be an effective and safe intervention for older people in nursing homes, as several improvements were made regarding the health of older people.
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Afif IY, Manik AR, Munthe K, Maula MI, Ammarullah MI, Jamari J, Winarni TI. Physiological Effect of Deep Pressure in Reducing Anxiety of Children with ASD during Traveling: A Public Transportation Setting. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9040157. [PMID: 35447717 PMCID: PMC9030047 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9040157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Traveling with children with autism can be very challenging for parents due to their reactions to sensory stimuli resulting in behavioral problems, which lead to self-injury and danger for themselves and others. Deep pressure was reported to have a calming effect on people with autism. This study was designed to investigate the physiological effect of deep pressure, which is an autism hug machine portable seat (AHMPS) in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in public transportation settings. The study was conducted with 20 children with ASD (16 boys and 4 girls) at the Semarang Public Special School with an age ranging from 4 to 13 years (mean 10.9 ± 2.26 years), who were randomly assigned into two groups. The experiment consisted of group I who used the AHMPS inflatable wraps model and group II who used the AHMPS manual pull model. Heart rate (HR) and skin conductance (SC) were analyzed to measure the physiological calming effect using pulse oximeter oximetry and a galvanic skin response (GSR) sensor. Heart rate was significantly decreased during the treatment compared to the baseline (pre-test) session in group I (inflating wrap model) with p = 0.019, while no change of heart rate variability (HRV) was found in group II (manual pull model) with p = 0.111. There was no remaining effect of deep pressure using the HRV indicator after the treatment in both groups (group I with p = 0.159 and group II with p = 0.566). GSR captured the significant decrease in skin conductance during the treatment with p < 0.0001 in group I, but no significant decrease was recorded in group II with p = 0.062. A skin conductance indicator captured the remaining effect of deep pressure (after the treatment); it was better in group I (p = 0.003) than in group II (p = 0.773). In conclusion, the deep pressure of the AHMPS inflating wrap decreases physiological arousal in children with ASD during traveling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilham Yustar Afif
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering & Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (I.Y.A.); (M.I.M.); (M.I.A.); (J.J.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (A.R.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Aloysius Raynaldo Manik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (A.R.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Kristian Munthe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (A.R.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Mohamad Izzur Maula
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering & Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (I.Y.A.); (M.I.M.); (M.I.A.); (J.J.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (A.R.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Muhammad Imam Ammarullah
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering & Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (I.Y.A.); (M.I.M.); (M.I.A.); (J.J.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (A.R.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Jamari Jamari
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering & Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (I.Y.A.); (M.I.M.); (M.I.A.); (J.J.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (A.R.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Tri Indah Winarni
- Undip Biomechanics Engineering & Research Centre (UBM-ERC), Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia; (I.Y.A.); (M.I.M.); (M.I.A.); (J.J.)
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
- Center for Biomedical Research (CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +62-24-7692-8010
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Stein Duker LI, Grager M, Giffin W, Hikita N, Polido JC. The Relationship between Dental Fear and Anxiety, General Anxiety/Fear, Sensory Over-Responsivity, and Oral Health Behaviors and Outcomes: A Conceptual Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042380. [PMID: 35206566 PMCID: PMC8872083 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is common across the lifespan and represents a barrier to proper oral health behaviors and outcomes. The aim of this study is to present a conceptual model of the relationships between DFA, general anxiety/fear, sensory over-responsivity (SOR), and/or oral health behaviors and outcomes. Two rounds of literature searches were performed using the PubMed database. Included articles examined DFA, general anxiety/fear, SOR, catastrophizing, and/or oral health behaviors and outcomes in typically developing populations across the lifespan. The relationships between the constructs were recorded and organized into a conceptual model. A total of 188 articles were included. The results provided supporting evidence for relationships between DFA and all other constructs included in the model (general anxiety/fear, SOR, poor oral health, irregular dental attendance, dental behavior management problems [DBMP], and need for treatment with pharmacological methods). Additionally, SOR was associated with general anxiety/fear and DBMP; general anxiety/fear was linked to poor oral health, irregular attendance, and DBMP. This model provides a comprehensive view of the relationships between person factors (e.g., general anxiety/fear, SOR, and DFA) and oral health behaviors and outcomes. This is valuable in order to highlight connections between constructs that may be targeted in the development of new interventions to improve oral health behaviors and outcomes as well as the experience of DFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah I. Stein Duker
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (W.G.); (N.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Willa Giffin
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (W.G.); (N.H.)
| | - Natasha Hikita
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (W.G.); (N.H.)
| | - José C. Polido
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA;
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