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Meng X, Zhao H, Zhao Y, Shen L, Gu G, Qiu G. Effective recovery of rare earth from (bio)leaching solution through precipitation of rare earth-citrate complex. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 233:119752. [PMID: 36812814 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bioleaching is considered an alternative to traditional rare earth extraction technology. However, since rare earth elements exist as complexes in bioleaching lixivium, they cannot be directly precipitated by normal precipitants, which restricts their further development. This structurally stable complex is also a common challenge in various types of industrial wastewater treatment. In this work, a new method called a three-step precipitation process is first proposed to efficiently recover rare earth-citrate (RE-Cit) complexes from (bio)leaching lixivium. It consists of coordinate bond activation (carboxylation by pH adjustment), structure transformation (Ca2+ addition) and carbonate precipitation (soluble CO32- addition). The optimization conditions are determined to adjust the lixivium pH to around 2.0, then add calcium carbonate until the n(Ca2+): n(Cit3-) is more than 1.4:1 and lastly add sodium carbonate until n(CO32-): n(RE3+) is more than 4:1. The results of precipitation experiments using imitated lixivium show that the rare earth yield is more than 96% and the impurity aluminum yield is less than 20%. Subsequently, pilot tests (1000 L) using real lixivium were successfully conducted. The precipitation mechanism is briefly discussed and proposed by thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and UV spectroscopy. This technology is promising in the industrial application of rare earth (bio)hydrometallurgy and wastewater treatment due to its advantages of high efficiency, low cost, environmental friendliness and simple operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Meng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Shen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guohua Gu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Guanzhou Qiu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Separation of Cu, Co, Ni and Mn from acid leaching solution of ocean cobalt-rich crust using precipitation with Na2S and solvent extraction with N235. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-0919-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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3
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Marchi C, Panzeri G, Pedrazzetti L, Khalil MI, Lucotti A, Parravicini J, Acciarri M, Binetti S, Magagnin L. One-step CZT electroplating from alkaline solution on flexible Mo foil for CZTS absorber. J Solid State Electrochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-021-04951-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn this work, Cu-Zn-Sn (CZT) is co-electrodeposited onto a flexible Mo substrate exploiting an alkaline bath (pH 10). The plating solution is studied by cyclic voltammetry, highlighting the effects of potassium pyrophosphate (K4P2O7) and EDTA-Na2 on the electrochemical behavior and stability of the metallic ionic species. The optimized synthesis results in a homogeneous precursor layer, with composition Cu 44 ± 2 at. %, Zn 28 ± 1 at. %, and Sn 28 ± 2 at. %. Soft and reactive annealing are employed respectively to promote intermetallic phase formation and sulfurization of the precursor to obtain CZTS. Microstructural (XRD, Raman), morphological (SEM), and compositional (EDX, XRF) characterization is carried out on CZT and CZTS films, showing a minor presence of secondary phases. Finally, photo-assisted water splitting tests are performed considering a CZTS/CdS/Pt photoelectrode, showing a photocurrent density of 1.01 mA cm−2 at 0 V vs. RHE under 1 sun illumination.
Graphical abstract
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Li R, Li Q, Sun X, Li J, Shen J, Han W, Wang L. Removal of lead complexes by ferrous phosphate and iron phosphate: Unexpected favorable role of ferrous ions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 392:122509. [PMID: 32182552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The high chemical stability of lead complexes in solution precludes most traditional removal methods. Achieving the efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly removal of metal complexes from wastewater is a challenge. In this study, ferrous phosphate and iron phosphate were used to treat wastewater containing EDTA-Pb, and the differences in their removal processes were compared. Both materials enabled efficient removal of the EDTA-Pb complex from 50 mg Pb/L to <1 mg Pb/L, and the leaching of Fe was <50 mg/L. More attractively, the maximum adsorption capacity of ferrous phosphate significantly increased from 80.44 mg Pb/g to 436.68 mg Pb/g as the reaction environment changed from aerobic to anoxic. The concentration of Pb was reduced to the sub-ppm level by ferrous phosphate even when the initial concentration of EDTA-Pb was 300 mg/L. In-depth exploration of the removal mechanism of EDTA-Pb demonstrated that the synergistic effect of Fe2+ and Fe3+ contributed to the high removal efficiency of EDTA-Pb by ferrous phosphate. Moreover, ferrous phosphate was minimally affected by salinity and organics, but the iron phosphate performance was significantly suppressed. The potential application of ferrous phosphate was further explored by processing explosive wastewater containing lead complexes. The results showed that the residual Pb content was 0.94 mg/L (lower than the discharge standard of China) and the removal performance of iron phosphate was suppressed. The results demonstrate that ferrous phosphate is a promising material for the decontamination of EDTA-Pb-contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Xiuyun Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Weiqing Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Lianjun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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Wang Q, Chen J. Recovery of EDTA from soil-washing wastewater with calcium-hydroxide-enhanced sulfide precipitation. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124286. [PMID: 31349960 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is cost effective and thermodynamically feasible to recover EDTA and remove potential toxic elements (PTEs) with sulfide precipitation from soil-washing wastewater produced from EDTA washing PTEs-contaminated soil. However, poor solid-liquid separation and EDTA recovery restrict its application due to a large number of fine particles formed during the precipitation process. This study investigated the effect of single factor on PTEs (Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn) removal and solid-liquid separation from wastewater. The results showed that Zn was the most difficult to remove compared with Cu, Pb, and Cd; with the aid of Ca(OH)2, Zn removal efficiency was improved from 22.16% to 92.45%, and over 70.98 min, its average rate was 4.2 times that obtained without Ca(OH)2 dosage; undissolved Ca(OH)2 adsorbed suspended particles, acted as condensation nucleus, and promoted similar flocculation effect (self-flocculation); dissolved Ca(OH)2 modified the charge on the surface of suspended particles by changing the zeta potential from -36.77 ± 1.2 mV to -25.39 ± 3.06 mV and weakened the electrostatic repulsion between the suspended particles, and promoted their adsorption and flocculation precipitation, thereby improving the solid-liquid separation. The acid-recovered EDTA was analyzed in the protonated form (H4EDTA) using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and it maintained the same ability to extract PTEs from the soil as that of fresh EDTA over several cycles. This indicates that Ca(OH)2-enhanced sulfide precipitation can effectively treat soil-washing wastewater and recover EDTA and potentially reduce the cost of remediation techniques for PTEs-contaminated soil with EDTA-enhanced soil washing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
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Zhu Y, Fan W, Zhou T, Li X. Removal of chelated heavy metals from aqueous solution: A review of current methods and mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 678:253-266. [PMID: 31075592 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Water contamination with heavy metal ions and organic compounds such as citrate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, tartrate, pharmaceuticals, surfactants and natural organic matter, is a serious problem in the natural environment. Although many methods have been effectively applied to the removal of heavy metal complexes from aqueous solution, there is a lack of information available on the mechanisms, advantages and disadvantages of these various methods. This review summarizes the various treatment methods applied to the removal of heavy metal complexes, with a summary of the mechanisms of action and recent research progress. The methods reviewed in detail include electrolysis, membrane separation, adsorption, precipitation, replacement-coprecipitation, TiO2 photocatalysis and Fenton oxidation-precipitation, with the advantages and disadvantages of each method discussed. Furthermore, the heavy metal complex removal mechanisms are analyzed comprehensively. Results show that the adsorption method exhibited unique merits, showing much promise for future development. Finally, this review comprehensively analyzes future prospects and developments in methods for removal of chelated heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, No. 37, XueYuan Road, HaiDian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Wenhong Fan
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, No. 37, XueYuan Road, HaiDian District, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| | - Tingting Zhou
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, No. 37, XueYuan Road, HaiDian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, No. 37, XueYuan Road, HaiDian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
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Jain R, Fan S, Kaden P, Tsushima S, Foerstendorf H, Barthen R, Lehmann F, Pollmann K. Recovery of gallium from wafer fabrication industry wastewaters by Desferrioxamine B and E using reversed-phase chromatography approach. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 158:203-212. [PMID: 31035197 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gallium (Ga) is a critical element in developing renewable energy generation and energy efficient systems. The supply of Ga is at risk and needed recycling technologies for its availability in future. This study demonstrated the recovery of Ga3+ from low gallium concentrated wafer fabrication industry wastewaters using the siderophores desferrioxamine B (DFOB) and desferrioxamine E (DFOE). The complexation of Ga3+ by DFOB and DFOE was through hydroxamate group as demonstrated by infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and density functional theory calculations. The high selectivity of DFOB/E towards Ga3+ was observed due to the formation of highly stable complex. Indeed, due to the formation of such high stability complex, the DFOB and DFOE were able to successfully complex 100% Ga in the two different process water from wafer fabrication industry. For the recovery of the siderophores, a high rate of decomplexation of Ga (>90%) was achieved upon addition of 6 times excess of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) at pH of 3.5. More than 95% of Ga-DFOB and Ga-DFOE complex were recovered with purity (% of Ga moles in comparison to total moles of metals) of 69.8 and 92.9%, respectively by application of a C18 reversed-phase chromatography column. This study, for the first time, demonstrated a technical solution to the recovery of Ga3+ from the low concentrated wastewater based on siderophores and reversed-phase chromatography. A German patent application had been filed for this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Jain
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Siyuan Fan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Kaden
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Satoru Tsushima
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany; Laboratory for Advanced Nuclear Energy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Harald Foerstendorf
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Barthen
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Falk Lehmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Pollmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
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Song Y, Sun T, Cang L, Wu S, Zhou D. Migration and transformation of Cu(II)-EDTA during electrodialysis accompanied by an electrochemical process with different compartment designs. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Voglar D, Lestan D. Electrochemical treatment of spent solution after EDTA-based soil washing. WATER RESEARCH 2012; 46:1999-2008. [PMID: 22305659 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The use of EDTA in soil washing technologies to remediate soils contaminated with toxic metals is prohibitive because of the large volumes of waste washing solution generated, which must be treated before disposal. Degradation of EDTA in the waste solution and the removal of Pb, Zn and Cd were investigated using electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOP) with a boron-doped diamond anode (BDDA), graphite and iron anodes and a stainless-steel cathode. In addition to EAOP, the efficiency of electro-Fenton reactions, induced by the addition of H(2)O(2) and the regulation of electrochemical systems to pH 3, was also investigated. Soil extraction with 15 mmol kg(-1) of soil EDTA yielded waste washing solution with 566 ± 1, 152 ± 1 and 5.5 ± 0.1 mg L(-1) of Pb, Zn and Cd, respectively. Treatments of the waste solution in pH unregulated electrochemical systems with a BDDA and graphite anode (current density 67 mA cm(-2)) were the most efficient and removed up to 98 ± 1, 96 ± 1, 99 ± 1% of Pb, Zn and Cd, respectively, by electrodeposition on the cathode and oxidatively degraded up to 99 ± 1% of chelant. In the electrochemical system with an Fe anode operated at pH 3, the chelant remained preserved in the treated solution, while metals were removed by electrodeposition. This separation opens up the possibility of a new EDTA recycling method from waste soil washing solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Voglar
- Center for Soil and Environmental Science, Agronomy Department, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Vuyyuru KR, Pant KK, Krishnan VV, Nigam KDP. Recovery of Nickel from Spent Industrial Catalysts Using Chelating Agents. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie901406e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koteswara R. Vuyyuru
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Kamal K. Pant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Venkatesan V. Krishnan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Krishna D. P. Nigam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Zhang W, Chen JF, Fan LY, Cao CX, Ren JC, Li S, Shao J. A novel isotachophoresis of cobalt and copper complexes by metal ion substitution reaction in a continuous moving chelation boundary. Analyst 2010; 135:140-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b912799b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cesaro R, Esposito G. Optimal operational conditions for the electrochemical regeneration of a soil washing EDTA solution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 11:307-13. [DOI: 10.1039/b816295f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gyliene O, Vengris T, Stoncius A, Nivinskiene O. Decontamination of solutions containing EDTA using metallic iron. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2008; 159:446-451. [PMID: 18384946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2007] [Revised: 02/13/2008] [Accepted: 02/14/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
EDTA removal from solutions using metallic iron was carried out at different values of pH, iron load and concentrations at free access of air and in closed vessels. The EDTA destruction was investigated using chemical and capillary electrophoresis analysis. Fe corrosion was studied voltammetrically and the composition of the precipitate formed was investigated using FT-IR spectroscopy and chemical analysis. The EDTA decomposition is remarkably enhanced by the addition of Cu(II) to the EDTA solutions and access of air. The precipitation of the derivatives of insoluble Fe with EDTA or its decomposition products proceeds along with the destruction of EDTA. In closed systems the main EDTA removal reaction is precipitation with iron ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ona Gyliene
- Institute of Chemistry, A. Gostauto 9, Vilnius LT 01108, Lithuania.
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Kołodyńska D, Hubicki Z, Gȩca M. Polyaspartic Acid As a New Complexing Agent in Removal of Heavy Metal Ions on Polystyrene Anion Exchangers. Ind Eng Chem Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ie800472y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kołodyńska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Hubicki
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marzena Gȩca
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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Cacace D, Ashbaugh H, Kouri N, Bledsoe S, Lancaster S, Chalk S. Spectrophotometric determination of aqueous cyanide using a revised phenolphthalin method. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 589:137-41. [PMID: 17397664 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Accepted: 02/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper focuses on a revision of the phenolphthalin method for cyanide analysis, with the intent of producing a robust and sensitive spectrophotometric method. Limitations of the phenolphthalin chemistry were overcome by the addition of EDTA to the reagent. The revised reagent was found to have suitably fast kinetics, a linear dynamic range of 0.01-3.0 ppm cyanide, and a detection limit of 5 ppb. The method was tested for interferences and applied to the determination of cyanide in environmental waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cacace
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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Hasan S, Krishnaiah A, Ghosh TK, Viswanath DS, Boddu VM, Smith ED. Adsorption of Divalent Cadmium (Cd(II)) from Aqueous Solutions onto Chitosan-Coated Perlite Beads. Ind Eng Chem Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ie0402620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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