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Hao L, Chen L, Zhu P, Zhang J, Zhang D, Xiao J, Xu Z, Zhang L, Liu Y, Li H, Yang H, Cao G. Sex-specific responses of Populus deltoides to interaction of cadmium and salinity in root systems. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110437. [PMID: 32193020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
More research about branch order-specific accumulation of toxic ions in root systems is needed to know root branch-related responses in growth and physiology. In this study, we used Populus deltoides females and males as a model to detect sex-specific differences in physiology, biochemistry, ultrastructure of absorbing roots and distribution of toxic ions in heterogeneous root systems under Cd, salinity and combined stress. Healthy annual male and female plants of P. deltoides were cultivated in soils including 5 mg kg-1 of Cd, 0.2% (w/w) of NaCl and their combination for a growth season. Our results are mainly as follows: (1) females suffered more growth inhibition, root biomass decline, root viability depression, and damage to distal root cells, but lower ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) than the males under all stresses; (2) In both sexes, salinity adopted in the present study caused more significant negative effects on growth and organelles integrity than Cd stress, while interaction treatment did not induced a further depression in growth or more impairments in root cells of both sexes in comparison to salinity, indicating influence of combined stress was not equal simply to a superposition of the effects caused by single factors; (3) Cd and Na accumulation in root systems is highly heterogeneous and branch order-specific, with lower-order roots containing more Cd2+ but less Na+, and higher-order roots accumulating more Na+ but less Cd2+. Besides, it is noteworthy that females accumulated more Cd2+ in 1-2 order roots and more Na+ in 1-3 order roots than males under the interaction treatment. These results indicated that strategies in toxic ions accumulation in heterogeneous root systems of P. deltoides was highly branch order-specific, and may closely correlate with sex-specific root growth and physiological responses to the interaction of Cd and salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linting Hao
- Institute of Ecological Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lianghua Chen
- Institute of Ecological Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Peng Zhu
- Institute of Ecological Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Ecological Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Danju Zhang
- Institute of Ecological Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jiujin Xiao
- Institute of Ecological Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhenfeng Xu
- Institute of Ecological Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Ecological Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Ecological Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Han Li
- Institute of Ecological Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hanbo Yang
- Institute of Ecological Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guoxing Cao
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Xu ML, Zhu YG, Gu KH, Zhu JG, Yin Y, Ji R, Du WC, Guo HY. Transcriptome Reveals the Rice Response to Elevated Free Air CO 2 Concentration and TiO 2 Nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:11714-11724. [PMID: 31509697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing CO2 levels are speculated to change the effects of engineered nanomaterials in soil and on plant growth. How plants will respond to a combination of elevated CO2 and nanomaterials stress has rarely been investigated, and the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we conducted a field experiment to investigate the rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. IIyou) response to TiO2 nanoparticles (nano-TiO2, 0 and 200 mg kg-1) using a free-air CO2 enrichment system with different CO2 levels (ambient ∼370 μmol mol-1 and elevated ∼570 μmol mol-1). The results showed that elevated CO2 or nano-TiO2 alone did not significantly affect rice chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activities. However, in the presence of nano-TiO2, elevated CO2 significantly enhanced the rice height, shoot biomass, and panicle biomass (by 9.4%, 12.8%, and 15.8%, respectively). Furthermore, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed that genes involved in photosynthesis were up-regulated while most genes associated with secondary metabolite biosynthesis were down-regulated in combination-treated rice. This indicated that elevated CO2 and nano-TiO2 might stimulate rice growth by adjusting resource allocation between photosynthesis and metabolism. This study provides novel insights into rice responses to increasing contamination under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment , Chinese Academy of Science , Xiamen 361021 , China
- State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , China
| | - Kai-Hua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science , Chinese Academy of Science , Nanjing 210008 , China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Wen-Chao Du
- School of Environment , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
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Melnikova NV, Kudryavtseva AV, Borkhert EV, Pushkova EN, Fedorova MS, Snezhkina AV, Krasnov GS, Dmitriev AA. Sex-specific polymorphism of MET1 and ARR17 genes in Populus × sibirica. Biochimie 2019; 162:26-32. [PMID: 30935960 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The genus Populus is an effective model in tree genetics. This genus includes dioecious species and, recently, whole genome resequencing of P. trichocarpa and P. balsamifera enabled the identification of sex-linked regions and sex-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These results created new opportunities to study sex determination in poplars. In the present work, we performed deep sequencing of genes encoding METHYLTRANSFERASE1 (MET1) and homolog of ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 17 (ARR17), which are localized in a sex-linked region of Populus genome and contain a number of sex-associated SNPs. Amplicon libraries for 38 samples of P. × sibirica (19 males and 19 females) were sequenced on MiSeq Illumina (300 nt paired-end reads) and approximately 4000× coverage was obtained for each sample. In total, from 80 to 179 SNPs were detected in poplar individuals for MET1, and from 16 to 49 SNPs were detected for ARR17. We identified 17 sex-specific SNPs (11 in MET1 and 6 in ARR17) - they were present in all males but absent in all females. For identified sex-specific SNP sites, females were homozygous, while males were heterozygous. Moreover, colocation of sex-specific SNPs confirming the XY sex-determination system of poplars was revealed: in one allelic variant, males had the same nucleotides as females, while in the other, sex-specific SNPs were present. Based on the data obtained, we developed and successfully applied a high-resolution melting-based approach for sex identification in poplars. The developed molecular markers are useful for distinguishing between male and female poplars in scientific research and can also be applied to select male-only genotypes for use in city landscaping and production of paper, pulp, and biofuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya V Melnikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Anna V Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Elena V Borkhert
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Elena N Pushkova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Maria S Fedorova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Anastasiya V Snezhkina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - George S Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Alexey A Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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Stark S, Martz F. Gender Dimorphism Does Not Affect Secondary Compound Composition in Juniperus communis After Shoot Cutting in Northern Boreal Forests. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1910. [PMID: 30622553 PMCID: PMC6308805 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to a difference in plant resource allocation to reproduction, the males of dioecious plants may be more growth-orientated, whereas females may allocate more resources for synthesizing secondary compounds. This mechanism is considered to cause gender-specific differences in the plant responses to the loss of plant biomass. Here, we tested gender dimorphism in the responses of common juniper (Juniperus communis) to shoot cutting in four juniper populations located in northern boreal forests in Finland. We collected shoots from uncut junipers and from junipers subjected to shoot cutting in the previous year, and analyzed them for their shoot growth as well as phenolic and terpenoid concentrations. There were no differences in foliar phenolic or terpenoid concentrations between the males and the females. Shoot cutting increased phenolic but not terpenoid concentrations, similarly, in both males and females. Our study reveals that the nature of gender dimorphism may differ among species and locations, which should be considered in theories on plant gender dimorphism. Given the similar phenolic and terpene concentrations in both genders, the different sexes in the northern juniper populations might experience equal levels of herbivory. This lack of gender dimorphism in biotic interactions could result from the high need of plant secondary metabolites (PSM) against abiotic stresses, which is typical for juniper at high latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Stark
- Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland
- Production System Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Françoise Martz
- Production System Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Rovaniemi, Finland
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