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Magdaleno AL, Cerrón-Calle GA, Dos Santos AJ, Lanza MRV, Apul OG, Garcia-Segura S. Unlocking the Potential of Nanobubbles: Achieving Exceptional Gas Efficiency in Electrogeneration of Hydrogen Peroxide. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304547. [PMID: 37621039 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The electrogeneration of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) via the oxygen reduction reaction is a crucial process for advanced water treatment technologies. While significant effort is being devoted to developing highly reactive materials, gas provision systems used in these processes are receiving less attention. Here, using oxygen nanobubbles to improve the gas efficiency of the electrogeneration of H2 O2 is proposed. Aeration with nanobubbles is compared to aeration with macrobubbles under an identical experimental set-up, with nanobubbles showing a much higher gas-liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KL a) of 2.6 × 10-2 min-1 compared to 2.7 × 10-4 min-1 for macrobubbles. Consequently, nanobubbles exhibit a much higher gas efficiency using 60% of O2 delivered to the system compared to 0.19% for macrobubbles. Further, it is observed that the electrogeneration of H2 O2 using carbon felt electrodes is enhanced using nanobubbles. Under the same dissolved oxygen levels, nanobubbles boost the reaction yield to 84%, while macrobubbles yield only 53.8%. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the use of nanobubbles in electrochemical reactions and demonstrate their ability to enhance gas efficiency and electrocatalytic response. These findings have important implications for developing more efficient chemical and electrochemical processes operating under gas-starving systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre L Magdaleno
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-3005, USA
| | - Gabriel A Cerrón-Calle
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-3005, USA
| | - Alexsandro J Dos Santos
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-3005, USA
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Marcos R V Lanza
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Onur G Apul
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Sergi Garcia-Segura
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-3005, USA
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Wu B, Jiang Z, Lei W, Sun J, Chen Z. A novel flow-through dual-system electro-Fenton for boosting PAEs removal efficiency in natural waters. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138645. [PMID: 37044145 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In a conventional electro-Fenton system with a single cathode, it is difficult to attain both high H2O2 generation by oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and efficient iron reduction reaction (FRR). For this study, a flow-through dual-system electro-Fenton (FT-DEF) reactor was designed to overcome this shortcoming and promote mass transfer to effectively remove dimethyl phthalate (DMP) from water. By comparing the ORR and FRR performances of four different commercial carbon electrodes, the graphite felt with the highest amount of H2O2 generation was selected as the cathode of the ORR system, and the activated carbon fiber with the best Fe (III) reduction effect was selected as another cathode of the FRR system. The ORR system and FRR system operate simultaneously to form the DEF system. The FT-DEF system displayed many advantages compared with the conventional electro-Fenton (CI-ORR), presenting an improved efficiency and low energy consumption in phthalates removal. Under optimal reaction conditions, the FT-DEF system is capable to degrade 100% DMP in 20 min, which is 25% higher than the CI-ORR, while the reaction rate constant (0.271 min-1) is 16 times that of CI-ORR system (0.017min-1). In addition, the TOC removal of FT-DEF achieving 72.3% within 2 h with energy consumption of 2.35 kW h·m-3 is much better than CI-ORR that only achieves 18.3% TOC removal within 2 h with energy consumption of 8.13 kW h·m-3. Furthermore, control parameters and mechanism of FT-DEF were investigated in detail. The main intermediate products of DMP were analyzed by UPLC-ESI-HRMS, and the possible degradation path of DMP was speculated. In addition, application of FT-DEF in three types of natural water demonstrated its universal applicability of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Hubei Province, College of Resource and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Hubei Province, College of Resource and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Weidong Lei
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Hubei Province, College of Resource and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Jie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Hubei Province, College of Resource and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G1M8, Canada
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Deng F, Yang S, Jing B, Qiu S. Activated carbon filled in a microporous titanium-foam air diffusion electrode for boosting H 2O 2 accumulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 321:138147. [PMID: 36796525 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the electro-Fenton process, there still suffers concern of low H2O2 generation caused by inadequate mass transfer of oxygen and low selectivity of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). To solve it, in this study, various particle sizes (850 μm, 150 μm, and 75 μm) of granular activated carbon filled in a microporous titanium-foam substate was used to develop a gas diffusion electrode (AC@Ti-F GDE). This facile-prepared cathode has seen a 176.15% improvement in H2O2 formation compared to the conventional one. Aside from a much higher oxygen mass transfer by creating gas-liquid-solid three-phase interfaces coupled with much high dissolved oxygen, the filled AC played a significant role in H2O2 accumulation. Among these particle sizes of AC, the one in 850 μm has observed the highest H2O2 accumulation, reaching 1487 μM in 2 h electrolysis. Because there is a balance between chemical nature for H2O2 formation and micropore-dominant porous structure for H2O2 decomposition, resulting in an electron transfer of 2.12 and H2O2 selectivity of 96.79% during ORR. In a word, the facial AC@Ti-F GDE configuration is promising for H2O2 accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Shilin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Baojian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Shan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
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Deng F, Olvera-Vargas H, Zhou M, Qiu S, Sirés I, Brillas E. Critical Review on the Mechanisms of Fe 2+ Regeneration in the Electro-Fenton Process: Fundamentals and Boosting Strategies. Chem Rev 2023; 123:4635-4662. [PMID: 36917618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
This review presents an exhaustive overview on the mechanisms of Fe3+ cathodic reduction within the context of the electro-Fenton (EF) process. Different strategies developed to improve the reduction rate are discussed, dividing them into two categories that regard the mechanistic feature that is promoted: electron transfer control and mass transport control. Boosting the Fe3+ conversion to Fe2+ via electron transfer control includes: (i) the formation of a series of active sites in both carbon- and metal-based materials and (ii) the use of other emerging strategies such as single-atom catalysis or confinement effects. Concerning the enhancement of Fe2+ regeneration by mass transport control, the main routes involve the application of magnetic fields, pulse electrolysis, interfacial Joule heating effects, and photoirradiation. Finally, challenges are singled out, and future prospects are described. This review aims to clarify the Fe3+/Fe2+ cycling process in the EF process, eventually providing essential ideas for smart design of highly effective systems for wastewater treatment and valorization at an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China.,Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Secció de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hugo Olvera-Vargas
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (IER-UNAM), Priv. Xochicalco S/N, Col. Centro, Temixco, Morelos CP 62580, México
| | - Minghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Shan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Ignasi Sirés
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Secció de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Brillas
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Secció de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Deng F, Jiang J, Sirés I. State-of-the-art review and bibliometric analysis on electro-Fenton process. CARBON LETTERS 2023; 33. [PMCID: PMC9594000 DOI: 10.1007/s42823-022-00420-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The electro-Fenton (EF) process was first proposed in 1996 and, since then, considerable development has been achieved for its application in wastewater treatment, especially at lab and pilot scale. After more than 25 years, the high efficiency, versatility and environmental compatibility of EF process has been demonstrated. In this review, bibliometrics has been adopted as a tool that allows quantifying the development of EF as well as introducing some useful correlations. As a result, information is summarized in a more visual manner that can be easily analyzed and interpreted as compared to conventional reviewing. During the recent decades under review, 83 countries have contributed to the dramatic growth of EF publications, with China, Spain and France leading the publication output. The top 12 most cited articles, along with the top 32 most productive authors in the EF field, have been screened. Four stages have been identified as main descriptors of the development of EF throughout these years, being each stage characterized by relevant breakthroughs. To conclude, a general cognitive model for the EF process is proposed, including atomic, microscopic and macroscopic views, and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090 People’s Republic of China
- Laboratori d’Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Secció de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jizhou Jiang
- School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ignasi Sirés
- Laboratori d’Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Secció de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Zhi K, Yang C, Zheng Y, Zhang R, Toyosi E O, Wu H, Jiang Z. Enhanced Electro-Fenton Degradation of Ciprofloxacin by Membrane Aeration. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keda Zhi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Runnan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Omojayogbe Toyosi E
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
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