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Islam N, Reid D. Inhaled antibiotics: A promising drug delivery strategies for efficient treatment of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) associated with antibiotic resistant biofilm-dwelling and intracellular bacterial pathogens. Respir Med 2024; 227:107661. [PMID: 38729529 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria associated with LRTIs are frequently associated with inefficient treatment outcomes. Antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, infections are strongly associated with pulmonary exacerbations and require frequent hospital admissions, usually following failed management in the community. These bacteria are difficult to treat as they demonstrate multiple adaptational mechanisms including biofilm formation to resist antibiotic threats. Currently, many patients with the genetic disease cystic fibrosis (CF), non-CF bronchiectasis (NCFB) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience exacerbations of their lung disease and require high doses of systemically administered antibiotics to achieve meaningful clinical effects, but even with high systemic doses penetration of antibiotic into the site of infection within the lung is suboptimal. Pulmonary drug delivery technology that reliably deliver antibacterials directly into the infected cells of the lungs and penetrate bacterial biofilms to provide therapeutic doses with a greatly reduced risk of systemic adverse effects. Inhaled liposomal-packaged antibiotic with biofilm-dissolving drugs offer the opportunity for targeted, and highly effective antibacterial therapeutics in the lungs. Although the challenges with development of some inhaled antibiotics and their clinicals trials have been studied; however, only few inhaled products are available on market. This review addresses the current treatment challenges of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the lung with some clinical outcomes and provides future directions with innovative ideas on new inhaled formulations and delivery technology that promise enhanced killing of antibiotic-resistant biofilm-dwelling bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazrul Islam
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Centre for Immunology and Infection Control (CIIC), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - David Reid
- Lung Inflammation and Infection, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Australia
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Li Z, Yang D, Li S, Yang L, Yan W, Xu H. Advances on electrochemical disinfection research: Mechanisms, influencing factors and applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169043. [PMID: 38070567 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection, a vital barrier against pathogenic microorganisms, is crucial in halting the spread of waterborne diseases. Electrochemical methods have been extensively researched and implemented for the inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms from water and wastewater, primarily owing to their simplicity, efficiency, and eco-friendliness. This review succinctly outlined the core mechanisms of electrochemical disinfection (ED) and systematically examined the factors influencing its efficacy, including anode materials, system conditions, and target species. Additionally, the practical application of ED in water and wastewater treatment was comprehensively reviewed. Case studies involving various scenarios such as drinking water, hospital wastewater, black water, rainwater, and ballast water provided concrete instances of the expansive utility of ED. Finally, coupling ED with other technologies and the resulting synergies were introduced as pivotal foundations for subsequent engineering advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Duowen Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China; Research Institute of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China; Research Institute of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 311200, China.
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Zheng J, Teng F, Zhou T, Cao H, Wang X, Zhu Y, Tao Y. Enhanced suppression effects on Microcystis aeruginosa by combining hydrogen peroxide and intermittent UVC irradiation: The importance of triggering advanced oxidation process within cells. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 463:132826. [PMID: 39492099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2024]
Abstract
In order to strengthen the inhibitory effect of UVC/H2O2 on Microcystis aeruginosa growth, this study designed a novel strategy for inducing an advanced oxidation process in algal cells by splitting UVC irradiation into two rounds. The first irradiation of UVC upon adding H2O2 facilitated the delivery of H2O2 into the cell cytoplasm, which induced an intracellular advanced oxidation process after the second irradiation of UVC. The intermittent treatment of UVC/H2O2 could further attack the Ca-Mn and Fe-S clusters in the photosynthetic electron transport chain. In contrast, conventional simultaneous treatment of UVC/H2O2 only attacked the interaction subunits between PSII cores and the phycobilisome. The block of the photosynthetic electron transport chain, shedding of the Ca-Mn cluster, and damage of the Fe-S cluster gave rise to massive intracellular H2O2, O2•-, and HO•. Consequently, ROS acted as a mediator and led to caspase-3(-like) activation and the subsequent initiation of apoptosis-like cell death. The remarkable functional mechanisms make the intermittent treatment of UVC/H2O2 an ideal method for the practical application of suppressing HABs (target-selective, long-lasting, cost-minimized, and eco-friendly).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Groundwater Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (MARC) of Shenzhen, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Groundwater Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (MARC) of Shenzhen, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Tingru Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Huansheng Cao
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan 215316, China
| | - Xuejian Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yinjie Zhu
- Groundwater Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (MARC) of Shenzhen, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yi Tao
- Groundwater Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (MARC) of Shenzhen, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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Comprehensive study on the role of reactive oxygen species and active chlorine species on the inactivation and subcellular damage of E.coli in electrochemical disinfection. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Wang J, Wang S, Chen C, Hu J, He S, Zhou Y, Zhu H, Wang X, Hu D, Lin J. Treatment of hospital wastewater by electron beam technology: Removal of COD, pathogenic bacteria and viruses. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136265. [PMID: 36055595 PMCID: PMC9424868 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effective treatment of hospital sewage is crucial to human health and eco-environment, especially during the pandemic of COVID-19. In this study, a demonstration project of actual hospital sewage using electron beam technology was established as advanced treatment process during the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei, China in July 2020. The results indicated that electron beam radiation could effectively remove COD, pathogenic bacteria and viruses in hospital sewage. The continuous monitoring date showed that the effluent COD concentration after electron beam treatment was stably below 30 mg/L, and the concentration of fecal Escherichia coli was below 50 MPN/L, when the absorbed dose was 4 kGy. Electron beam radiation was also an effective method for inactivating viruses. Compared to the inactivation of fecal Escherichia coli, higher absorbed dose was required for the inactivation of virus. Absorbed dose had different effect on the removal of virus. When the absorbed dose ranged from 30 to 50 kGy, Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Astrovirus (ASV) could be completely removed by electron beam treatment. For Rotavirus (RV) and Enterovirus (EV) virus, the removal efficiency firstly increased and then decreased. The maximum removal efficiency of RV and EV was 98.90% and 88.49%, respectively. For the Norovirus (NVLII) virus, the maximum removal efficiency was 81.58%. This study firstly reported the performance of electron beam in the removal of COD, fecal Escherichia coli and virus in the actual hospital sewage, which would provide useful information for the application of electron beam technology in the treatment of hospital sewage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Wastes Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Shizong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Wastes Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Chuanhong Chen
- Dasheng Electron Accelerator Technology Co., Ltd., China Guangdong Nuclear Group, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215214, PR China
| | - Jun Hu
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Shijun He
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Dasheng Electron Accelerator Technology Co., Ltd., China Guangdong Nuclear Group, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215214, PR China
| | - Yuedong Zhou
- Dasheng Electron Accelerator Technology Co., Ltd., China Guangdong Nuclear Group, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215214, PR China
| | - Huanzheng Zhu
- Dasheng Electron Accelerator Technology Co., Ltd., China Guangdong Nuclear Group, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215214, PR China
| | - Xipo Wang
- Dasheng Electron Accelerator Technology Co., Ltd., China Guangdong Nuclear Group, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215214, PR China
| | - Dongming Hu
- Dasheng Electron Accelerator Technology Co., Ltd., China Guangdong Nuclear Group, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215214, PR China
| | - Jian Lin
- Dasheng Electron Accelerator Technology Co., Ltd., China Guangdong Nuclear Group, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215214, PR China
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Novel electro-oxidation unit for electro-disinfection of E. coli and some waterborne pathogens during wastewater treatment: batch and continuous experiments. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16417. [PMID: 36180517 PMCID: PMC9525299 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20451-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The prime objective of the current investigation is to evaluate a promising alternative method for disinfection wastewater using a novel electro-oxidation unit. The study focused on determining the best-operating conditions from a techno-economic point of view to be applied to continuous flow simulating actual disinfection modules. The treatment unit consisted of a Plexiglas container with a 3 L volume containing nine cylindrical shape electrodes (6 graphite as anode and 3 stainless steel as a cathode) connected to a variable DC power supply. Determination of the best operating parameters was investigated in batch mode on synthetic wastewater by studying the effect of contact time, current density (CD), total dissolved solids concentration (TDS), and bacterial density. Moreover, the continuous mode experiment was considered on real wastewater from an agricultural drain and the secondary wastewater treatment plant effluent before chlorination. The batch mode results revealed that the best applicable operational conditions that achieved the complete removal of E. coli were at a contact time of less than 5 min, TDS of 2000 mg/L, and CD of 4 mA/cm2. Application of these conditions on the continuous mode experiment indicated the complete removal of all bacterial indicators after 5 min in the drainage wastewater and after 3 min in the secondary treated wastewater. Physico-chemical characterization also suggested that no chlorine by-products displaying the hydroxide ion formed due to water electrolysis is the main reason for prohibiting the growth of pathogenic microbes. The electrical consumption was calculated in the continuous mode and found to be 0.5 kWh/m3 with an operational cost of about 0.06 $/m3, including the cost of adding chemicals to increase the TDS. The results proved that this novel electro-oxidation unit is a robust and affordable disinfection method for complete bacterial removal from wastewater and is more environmentally benign than other conventional disinfection methods.
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Azuma T, Uchiyama T, Zhang D, Usui M, Hayashi T. Distribution and characteristics of carbapenem-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli in hospital effluents, sewage treatment plants, and river water in an urban area of Japan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156232. [PMID: 35623520 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Occurrence of profiles of the carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CRE-E) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E) in an urban river in a sub-catchment of the Yodo River Basin, one of the representative water systems of Japan was investigated. We conducted seasonal and year-round surveys for the antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (AMRB) and antimicrobial-resistance genes (AMRGs) in hospital effluents, sewage treatment plant (STP) wastewater, and river water; subsequently, contributions to wastewater discharge into the rivers were estimated by analyses based on the mass flux. Furthermore, the characteristics of AMRB in the water samples were evaluated on the basis of antimicrobial susceptibility tests. CRE-E and ESBL-E were detected in all water samples with mean values 11 and 1900 CFU/mL in the hospital effluent, 58 and 4550 CFU/mL in the STP influent, not detected to 1 CFU/mL in the STP effluent, and 1 and 1 CFU/mL in the STP discharge into the river, respectively. Contributions of the pollution load derived from the STP effluent discharged into the river water were 1 to 21%. The resistome profiles for blaIMP, blaTEM, and blaCTX-M genes in each water sample showed that AMRGs were not completely removed in the wastewater treatment process in the STP, and the relative abundances of blaIMP, blaTEM, and blaCTX-M genes were almost similar (P<0.05). Susceptibility testing of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli isolates showed that CRE-E and ESBL-E detected in wastewaters and river water were linked to the prevalence of AMRB in clinical settings. These results suggest the importance of conducting environmental risk management of AMRB and AMRGs in the river environment. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed study that links the medical environment to CRE-E and ESBL-E for evaluating the AMRB and AMRGs in hospital effluents, STP wastewater, and river water at the basin scale on the basis of mass flux as well as the contributions of CRE-E and ESBL-E to wastewater discharge into the river.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Azuma
- Department of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
| | - Tomoharu Uchiyama
- Food Microbiology and Food Safety, Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Food Microbiology and Food Safety, Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Masaru Usui
- Food Microbiology and Food Safety, Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hayashi
- Department of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan; Faculty of Human Development, Department of Food and Nutrition Management Studies, Soai University, 4-4-1 Nankonaka, Osaka Suminoeku, Osaka 559-0033, Japan
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