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Liu T, Hu Y, Yang J, Hu K, Qi B, Zhou Y, Tong J, Wang M, Huang L, Shi K, Hou X. Recyclable Robust Plastic Scintillation Resin Achieving the Exceptional Separation and Detection of Technetium-99. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2025; 12:e2411523. [PMID: 39498872 PMCID: PMC11714228 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202411523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2024] [Revised: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/07/2024]
Abstract
Rapid detection and absorption of 99TcO4 ⁻ contamination in the environment are critical due to its high radioactivity, long half-life, and significant environmental mobility. Resins have been demonstrated effective bifunctional properties for both the detection and separation of 99TcO4 ⁻. However, the poor stability of these compounds limits their practical application. Here, a chemical grafting strategy is presented to synthesize ultra-stable plastic scintillation resin, in which 4-vinylpyridine and divinylbenzene are cross-linked as matrix polymer to withstand extreme conditions and a fluorophore "shield" to convert beta radiation into detectable signals. As expected, the as-obtained resin exhibits a high adsorption capacity of 549.2 mg g⁻¹ for 99TcO4 ⁻ with a rapid kinetic response of just 10 min as well as superior selectivity at 1000 times excess of interfering ions and full reusability. Moreover, it showed remarkable stability under 800 kGy, 3.0 mol L-1 HNO3 or 2.5 L solution continuous leaching, consistently maintaining high separation and detection efficiency after recycling 10 times. This strategy paves a new way to develop stable resin for the rapid capture and accurate measurement of 99TcO4 ⁻, which owns great potential for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonghuan Liu
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes, School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Yichen Hu
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes, School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Junqiang Yang
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes, School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Kesheng Hu
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes, School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Bei Qi
- Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes, School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Juan Tong
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes, School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Man Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes, School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Liang Huang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
| | - Keliang Shi
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes, School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes, School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
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Chen Z, Zhang P, Brown KG, van der Sloot HA, Meeussen JCL, Garrabrants AC, Delapp RC, Um W, Kosson DS. Evaluating the impact of drying on leaching from a solidified/stabilized waste using a monolithic diffusion model. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 165:27-39. [PMID: 37080015 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The release rates of constituents of potential concern from solidified/stabilized cementitious waste forms are potentially impacted by drying, which, however, is not well understood. This study aimed to identify the impacts of drying on subsequent leaching from Cast Stone as an example of a solidified cementitious waste form. The release fluxes of constituents from monoliths after aging under 100, 68, 40, and 15 % relative humidity for 16, 32, and 48 weeks, respectively, were derived from mass transfer tank leaching tests following EPA Method 1315. A monolithic diffusion model was calibrated based on the leaching test results to simulate the leaching of major and redox-sensitive constituents from monoliths after drying. The reduction in physical retention of constituents (tortuosity-factor) in the unsaturated zone was identified as the primary impact from drying on subsequent leaching. Fluxes of both major (i.e., OH-, Na, K, Ca, Si, and Al) and redox-sensitive constituents (i.e., Tc, Cr, Fe, and S) from monoliths during leaching were well described by the model. The drying-induced reduction of tortuosity-factor and concomitant changes in porewater pH and redox conditions can significantly change the subsequent release fluxes of pH- and redox- sensitive constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States; Shanghai Shaanxi Coal Hi-tech Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201613, China
| | - Kevin G Brown
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States
| | - Hans A van der Sloot
- Hans van der Sloot Consultancy, Glenn Millerhof 29, 1628 TS Hoorn, the Netherlands
| | | | - Andrew C Garrabrants
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States
| | - Rossane C Delapp
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States
| | - Wooyong Um
- Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, United States; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - David S Kosson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States.
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