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Du L, Liu Q, Wang L, Lyu H, Tang J. Microplastics enhanced the allelopathy of pyrogallol on toxic Microcystis with additional risks: Microcystins release and greenhouse gases emissions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:173864. [PMID: 38879032 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria blooms (CBs) caused by eutrophication pose a global concern, especially Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa), which could release harmful microcystins (MCs). The impact of microplastics (MPs) on allelopathy in freshwater environments is not well understood. This study examined the joint effect of adding polystyrene (PS-MPs) as representative MPs and two concentrations (2 and 8 mg/L) of pyrogallol (PYR) on the allelopathy of M. aeruginosa. The results showed that the addition of PS-MPs intensified the inhibitory effect of 8 mg/L PYR on the growth and photosynthesis of M. aeruginosa. After a 7-day incubation period, the cell density decreased to 69.7 %, and the chl-a content decreased to 48 % compared to the condition without PS-MPs (p < 0.05). Although the growth and photosynthesis of toxic Microcystis decreased with the addition of PS-MPs, the addition of PS-MPs significantly resulted in a 3.49-fold increase in intracellular MCs and a 1.10-fold increase in extracellular MCs (p < 0.05). Additionally, the emission rates of greenhouse gases (GHGs) (carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane) increased by 2.66, 2.23 and 2.17-fold, respectively (p < 0.05). In addition, transcriptomic analysis showed that the addition of PS-MPs led to the dysregulation of gene expression related to DNA synthesis, membrane function, enzyme activity, stimulus detection, MCs release and GHGs emissions in M. aeruginosa. PYR and PS-MPs triggered ROS-induced membrane damage and disrupted photosynthesis in algae, leading to increased MCs and GHG emissions. PS-MPs accumulation exacerbated this issue by impeding light absorption and membrane function, further heightening the release of MCs and GHGs emissions. Therefore, PS-MPs exhibited a synergistic effect with PYR in inhibiting the growth and photosynthesis of M. aeruginosa, resulting in additional risks such as MCs release and GHGs emissions. These results provide valuable insights for the ecological risk assessment and control of algae bloom in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqing Du
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qinglong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Honghong Lyu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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Xie Y, Zhang H, Cui B, Geng R, Grossart HP, Xiao P, Zuo J, Zhang H, Wang Z, Wang G, Wang X, Ma Z, Li R. Enhanced inhibitory efficiency against toxic bloom forming Raphidiopsis raciborskii by Streptomyces sp. HY through triple algicidal modes: Direct and indirect attacks combined with bioflocculation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135152. [PMID: 39047554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Raphidiopsis raciborskii (R. raciborskii) forms harmful cyanobacterial blooms globally, and poses a great threat to the safety of drinking water and public health. There is a great need to develop eco-friendly biological alternative measures to mitigate mass blooms of R. raciborskii. However, previous rare studies on algicidal microorganisms against R. raciborskii restricted this aim. Recently, an algicidal bacterium Streptomyces sp. HY (designated HY) was identified with flavones producing ability, and could remove up to 98.73 % of R. raciborskii biomass within 48 h by directly attacking the cyanobacterium and release of algicidal substances (i.e., flavonoids) with a inoculum ratio of 5 %. Algicidal rate of HY was enhanced by 88.05 %, 89.33 % under dark and light, and full-light conditions respectively, when compared with the dark condition. Its algicidal substances were stable in a broad range of temperature (-80-55 °C) and pH (3-11) conditions, and all treated groups exhibited ≈ 100 % algicidal rate at day 3. HY treatment disrupted the photosynthesis system and triggered serious oxidative stress resulting in severe morphological injury. Thereby, HY treatment significantly affected expression levels of several essential genes (i.e., psbA, psaB, rbcL, ftsZ, recA, grpE), and simultaneously inhibited the biosynthesis and release of cylindrospermopsin. Yet, HY treatment didn't show any toxicity to zebrafish test embryos. Such results indicate that HY is a promising algicidal candidate strain to control global R. raciborskii blooms, and holds great promises for an effective biological measure to sustain water safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - He Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Baiyu Cui
- Wenzhou Shanxi Hydro-junction Management Center, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ruozhen Geng
- Research Center for Monitoring and Environmental Sciences, Taihu Basin & East China Sea Ecological Environment Supervision and Administration Authority, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People' s Republic of China, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Stechlin 16775, Germany; University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam 14469, Germany
| | - Peng Xiao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jun Zuo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zeshuang Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zengling Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Renhui Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
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Li Y, Zhao T, Qin M, Che X, Zhang A. Toxicity of the sunscreen UV filter benzophenone-3 (OBZ) to the microalga Selenastrum capricornutum: An insight into OBZ's damage to photosynthesis and respiration. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116441. [PMID: 38733805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Oxybenzone (OBZ; benzophenone-3, CAS# 131-57-7), as a new pollutant and ultraviolet absorbent, shows a significant threat to the survival of phytoplankton. This study aims to explore the acute toxic effects of OBZ on the growth of the microalga Selenastrum capricornutum, as well as the mechanisms for its damage to the primary metabolic pathways of photosynthesis and respiration. The results demonstrated that the concentrations for 50 % of maximal effect (EC50) of OBZ for S. capricornutum were 9.07 mg L-1 and 8.54 mg L-1 at 72 h and 96 h, respectively. A dosage of 4.56 mg L-1 OBZ significantly lowered the photosynthetic oxygen evolution rate of S. capricornutum in both light and dark conditions for a duration of 2 h, while it had no effect on the respiratory oxygen consumption rate under darkness. OBZ caused a significant decline in the efficiency of photosynthetic electron transport due to its damage to photosystem II (PSII), thereby decreasing the photosynthetic oxygen evolution rate. Over-accumulated H2O2 was produced under light due to the damage caused by OBZ to the donor and acceptor sides of PSII, resulting in increased peroxidation of cytomembranes and inhibition of algal respiration. OBZ's damage to photosynthesis and respiration will hinder the conversion and reuse of energy in algal cells, which is an important reason that OBZ has toxic effects on S. capricornutum. The present study indicated that OBZ has an acute toxic effect on the microalga S. capricornutum. In the two most important primary metabolic pathways in algae, photosynthesis is more sensitive to the toxicity of OBZ than respiration, especially in the dark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfu Li
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, P. R. China
| | - Tianze Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, P. R. China
| | - Meng Qin
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, P. R. China
| | - Xingkai Che
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, P. R. China.
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, P. R. China.
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Yin L, Xu L, Shi K, Chen W, Zhang Y, Wang J, An J, He H, Yang S, Ni L, Li S. Physiology, microcystin production, and transcriptomic responses of Microcystis aeruginosa exposed to calcium and magnesium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169786. [PMID: 38181954 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Calcium ions (Ca2+) and magnesium ions (Mg2+) are pivotal in the community composition and stability of harmful cyanobacteria, yet the physiological and molecular responses remains poorly understood. This study aims to explore these responses in the high microcystin producer Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa). Results indicate that the growth of M. aeruginosa is inhibited by Ca2+/Mg2+ exposure (0.5-10 mM), while Fv/Fm photosynthetic parameters and extracellular microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) concentrations increase. Additionally, MC-LR release is significantly elevated under exposure to Ca2+/Mg2+, posing potential aquatic environmental risks. Transcriptomic analysis reveals downregulation of genes related to cell architecture, membrane transport, and metabolism, while the genes linked to photosynthesis electron transmission and heavy metal-responsive transcriptional regulators are upregulated to adapt to environmental changes. Further analysis reveals that Ca2+ and Mg2+ primarily impact sulfur metabolism and transport of amino acids and mineral within cells. These findings provide insights into M. aeruginosa cells responses to Ca2+ and Mg2+ exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yin
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kaipian Shi
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weiyu Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Junfeng An
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shaogui Yang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China.
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