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Odobel C, Jacquin J, Saint Picq C, Hingant M, Lemechko P, Thomas T, Eyheraguibel B, Cébron A, Ter Halle A, Barbe V, Bruzaud S, Ghiglione JF. Unveiling marine plastic degraders through DNA-stable isotope probing. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2025; 490:137729. [PMID: 40054193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2024] [Revised: 01/16/2025] [Accepted: 02/22/2025] [Indexed: 04/16/2025]
Abstract
Plastic biodegradation in natural environments is performed by the microbial biofilm living on its surface. This study identifies for the first time plastic degraders in marine environment, by using stable isotope tracers. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) biodegradation was proved by monitoring microbial cell growth (via scanning electron microscopy and flow cytometry) and activities (via continuous oxygen consumption measurements and 3H-leucine incorporation for protein synthesis) during 90 days. We successfully synthetized 13C-labeled PHB and conducted DNA-stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) experiments over different time points, which permitted the first description of key PHB degraders belonging to Marinobacter sp. and Cellvibrionaceae together with Glaciecola sp., Pseudoalteromonas sp., Celeribacter sp. and Alteromonas sp. Overall, SIP labeling combined with metabarcoding proved to be a useful tool for discovering and characterizing active plastic degraders from complex marine communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Odobel
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR 7621, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Banyuls sur mer, France
| | - J Jacquin
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR 7621, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Banyuls sur mer, France
| | - C Saint Picq
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR 7621, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Banyuls sur mer, France
| | - M Hingant
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR 7621, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Banyuls sur mer, France
| | - P Lemechko
- Université Bretagne Sud, Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL), UMR CNRS 6027, Lorient, France
| | - T Thomas
- Université Bretagne Sud, Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL), UMR CNRS 6027, Lorient, France
| | - B Eyheraguibel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF, UMR 6296), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Cébron
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC, UMR 7360), Nancy, France
| | - A Ter Halle
- Laboratoire Softmat, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - V Barbe
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - S Bruzaud
- Université Bretagne Sud, Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL), UMR CNRS 6027, Lorient, France
| | - J F Ghiglione
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR 7621, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Banyuls sur mer, France.
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Jaffur BN, Khadoo P, Kumar G, Surroop D. Enhanced production, functionalization, and applications of polyhydroxyalkanoates from organic waste: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 302:140358. [PMID: 39880235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.140358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 01/14/2025] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 01/31/2025]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) represent a promising class of biodegradable polyesters synthesized by various microorganisms as energy storage compounds. Their versatility and environmental friendliness make them potential candidates for replacing conventional plastics across numerous applications. However, challenges such as limited mechanical properties, high production costs, and thermal instability have hindered their widespread adoption. This paper explores innovative approaches to enhance the production, functionalization, and application of PHAs, particularly through the utilization of organic waste as a substrate, including chitosan, lignin, and cellulose derivatives. By incorporating various additives and blending with other biodegradable materials like chitosan, lignin, and cellulose derivatives, the functional properties of PHAs can be significantly improved. This study also delves into the impact of surface modifications on the thermal stability of PHAs, offering insights into their potential applications in fields such as biomedical implants, packaging, and sustainable materials. These advancements in PHA research not only address current material limitations but also contribute to a more sustainable and circular bioeconomy by valorizing organic waste streams into high-value biopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibi Nausheen Jaffur
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius.
| | - Pratima Khadoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental, Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
| | - Dinesh Surroop
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
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Sachan RSK, Kumar A, Karnwal A, Paramasivam P, Agrawal A, Ayanie AG. Screening and characterization of PHA producing bacteria from sewage water identifying Bacillus paranthracis RSKS-3 for bioplastic production. BMC Microbiol 2025; 25:136. [PMID: 40087570 PMCID: PMC11908031 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-025-03841-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2025] [Indexed: 03/17/2025] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) as bioplastic is considered a replacement for conventional plastic due to its more beneficial properties. The ability of PHA to biodegrade in a shorter period is a major advantage. Different sewage water samples were collected from the Budha Nala near the Maheru regions of Punjab. PHA-producing bacteria were isolated using minimal salt media supplemented with Nile blue. Further screening was carried out using Sudan Black B stain and Nile red stain. The positive isolates were characterized for gram reaction, motility, and biochemical tests. The individual isolates were later screened for maximum PHA accumulation using minimal salt supplemented with glucose. The extracted PHA was characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, UV spectroscopy, NMR, and TGA. Twenty-six different PHA-producing bacteria were isolated on minimal salt media supplemented with Nile blue. Upon Sudan Black B stain and Nile red stain, nineteen isolates showed black granules and orange fluorescence bodies under 100X magnification that confirmed polyhydroxyalkanoates. The biochemical tests partially characterized isolates belonging to the Bacillus genus. All the isolates produced PHA in granular form, however, isolate P-3 showed maximum production of 0.068 g/L. The extracted PHA was characterized using FTIR and XRD for its chemical and crystallinity studies and the UV spectroscopy confirmed the extracted PHA by analyzing absorption spectra at 235 nm of standard crotonic acid and sulfuric acid conversion of PHA to crotonic acid. The isolated P-3, Bacillus paranthracis RSKS-3 is the first reported bacterium to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates. Further studies is necessary to optimize the production efficiency of the bacterium for maximum PHA yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Samir Kumar Sachan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied and Healthcare Sciences, GNA University, Phagwara-144401, Punjab, India
| | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russia
- Department of Technical Sciences, Western Caspian University, Baku, AZ1033, Azerbaijan
- Refrigeration &Air-condition Department, Technical Engineering College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Arun Karnwal
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
- Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun-248009, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Prabhu Paramasivam
- Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India.
| | - Ashish Agrawal
- Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Abinet Gosaye Ayanie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, 2552, Ethiopia.
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Ibrahim R, Aranjani JM, Prasanna N, Biswas A, Gayam PKR. Production, isolation, optimization, and characterization of microbial PHA from Bacillus australimaris. Sci Rep 2025; 15:8395. [PMID: 40069246 PMCID: PMC11897369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-92146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2025] [Indexed: 03/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Population explosion in recent years has driven the environment to overuse nondegradable substances. Microbial polyesters known as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are generated and retained as cytoplasmic granules in microorganisms with restricted nutritional availability and can be used to manufacture bioplastics. The current study attempts to screen soil isolates for PHA production and optimize their media parameters. Among all the isolates, 17 were identified and confirmed by Sudan black staining, as they are screening for PHA production and are identified by their colony characteristics. The isolation of the most promising strain, GS-14, was achieved through the sodium hypochlorite method, and subsequent quantification involved establishing a standard curve of crotonic acid. Notably, isolate GS-14 presented the highest yield, which was determined by extrapolating its data onto the standard curve. Characterization of the PHA polymer was subsequently performed, and the results were used to discern its properties. FTIR confirmed characteristic PHA absorption bands, with a prominent C = O stretching peak at 1732 cm⁻¹. LC-MS detected a molecular mass of 641.6 g/mol, indicative of an oligomeric species, while the actual polymer molecular weight is estimated between 5,000 and 20,000 Da. DSC revealed an exothermic peak at 174 °C, allowing the calculation of crystallinity, a key determinant of mechanical properties. Furthermore, the PHA-producing organism was identified as Bacillus australimaris through the sequencing of 16 S ribosomal RNA. The media optimization was performed via Minitab software, with statistical analyses employed to interpret the resulting data comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafwana Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576140, India
| | - Jesil Mathew Aranjani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576140, India.
| | - Navya Prasanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576140, India
| | - Avirup Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576140, India
| | - Prasanna Kumar Reddy Gayam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576140, India
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Le Gué L, Arhant M, Davies P, Vincent B, Tanguy E. Biodegradable twine for trawl fishing: Seawater ageing and net modelling. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2025; 211:117433. [PMID: 39689658 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2024] [Revised: 12/05/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2024]
Abstract
Fishing gears are designed to catch marine species, but when lost at sea, they can continue to trap and kill aquatic life, a phenomenon known as ghost fishing. This study evaluated the use of a biodegradable twine made from poly(butylene succinate)/poly(butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBS/PBAT) in trawl fishing. The assessment included mechanical testing, trawl modelling, and seawater ageing simulations to explore potential loss scenarios. Mechanical tests indicated that the PBS/PBAT braid was about half as strong as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) but was suitable for braiding and netting. After 3 years in seawater, PBS/PBAT monofilaments showed biotic degradation, with strength losses of 20 % at 15 °C and 80 % at 25 °C. This suggests that gear made from this polymer would degrade faster than conventional gear if lost. Trawl modelling further demonstrated that trawl performance was only slightly affected by material change and ageing, highlighting the potential for reducing ghost fishing with less persistent twine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Le Gué
- IFREMER RDT, Research and Technology Development Unit, 1625 route de Sainte-Anne, Plouzané 29280, France; DECOD (Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability), IFREMER, INRAE, Institut Agro, Lorient 56325, France.
| | - Mael Arhant
- IFREMER RDT, Research and Technology Development Unit, 1625 route de Sainte-Anne, Plouzané 29280, France
| | - Peter Davies
- IFREMER RDT, Research and Technology Development Unit, 1625 route de Sainte-Anne, Plouzané 29280, France
| | - Benoit Vincent
- DECOD (Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability), IFREMER, INRAE, Institut Agro, Lorient 56325, France
| | - Erwan Tanguy
- Le Drezen, 12 rue de Kélareun, Le Guilvinec 29730, France
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Yuan Q, Chen S, Chen Y, Zhang X, Lou Y, Li X, Liang Q, Zhang Y, Sun Y. Evaluating AGS efficiency in PHA synthesis and extraction integrated with nutrient removal: The impact of COD concentrations. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 368:143708. [PMID: 39515542 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 10/29/2024] [Accepted: 11/06/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
As natural and biodegradable biopolymers, Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) were synthetized by aerobic granules sludge (AGS) in a sequential batch reactor in this study. The effect of different COD concentrations on PHA accumulation and nutrients removal were investigated. At the same time, different pretreatment methods for PHA extraction, including NaClO pretreatment for extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) removal, Na2CO3 pretreatment for EPS recovery, and grinding pretreatment to reduce particle size and augment the surface area available for interaction with the extraction solvent, were compared. The results showed that the PHA yield increased more than 2 times (from 91.1 to 233.3 mgPHA/gCDW (cell dry weight)) when COD concentration increased from 800 to 1600 mg/L. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) both accounted for half of the total, while PHB fraction rose to 71% when COD concentration went up to 1600 mg/L. The PHB can be consumed 3 times faster than PHV. High COD concentration (1600 mg/L) adversely impacted the structure stability of AGS and the phosphorus removal efficiency, while the system consistently exhibited robust nitrogen removal capabilities, with ammonium and TN removal efficiencies exceeding >90%. The dominant bacteria shifted from Flavobacterium to Halomona and Hydrogenophaga as the COD concentration increased. In terms of PHA extraction, Na2CO3 pretreatment, which was used for EPS recovery, had the best PHA recovery with nearly 100% purity and EPS removal efficiency compared with NaClO and grinding pretreatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yuan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Song Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Thunip Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yuqing Lou
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xueting Li
- Thunip Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qian Liang
- Thunip Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yingxue Sun
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Yeo JCC, Muiruri JK, Fei X, Wang T, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Thitsartarn W, Tanoto H, He C, Li Z. Innovative biomaterials for food packaging: Unlocking the potential of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolymers. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 163:213929. [PMID: 39024863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolyesters show a good balance between sustainability and performance, making them a competitive alternative to conventional plastics for ecofriendly food packaging. With an emphasis on developments over the last decade (2014-2024), this review examines the revolutionary potential of PHAs as a sustainable food packaging material option. It also delves into the current state of commercial development, competitiveness, and the carbon footprint associated with PHA-based products. First, a critical examination of the challenges experienced by PHAs in terms of food packaging requirements is undertaken, followed by an assessment of contemporary strategies addressing permeability, mechanical properties, and processing considerations. The various PHA packaging end-of-life options, including a comprehensive overview of the environmental impact and potential solutions will also be discussed. Finally, conclusions and future perspectives are elucidated with a view of prospecting PHAs as future green materials, with a blend of performance and sustainability of food packaging solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayven Chee Chuan Yeo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Joseph Kinyanjui Muiruri
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE(2)), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xunchang Fei
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Tong Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xikui Zhang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yihang Xiao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Warintorn Thitsartarn
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hendrix Tanoto
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Chaobin He
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore; Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE(2)), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore.
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Cao Y, Zhang B, Song X, Dong G, Zhang Y, Chen B. Polyhydroxybutyrate Plastics Show Rapid Disintegration and More Straightforward Biogeochemical Impacts than Polyethylene under Marine Biofragmentation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39047231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Although massive studies have investigated the spatiotemporally occurring marine plastisphere, a new microbial ecosystem colonizing the surfaces of plastics, the resulting biofragmentation process and impacts of plastics on biogeochemical cycles remain largely unknown. Here, we leverage synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared spectromicroscopy (FTIR mapping) and metagenomic sequencing to explore independent marine microcosms amended with petroleum-based polyethylene (PE) and biobased polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) plastic films. FTIR mapping results demonstrate unequal fragmentation scenarios by which the PE plastic rarely releases oxidized fragments while PHB disintegrates quickly, gradually forming fragments composed of extracellular polymeric substances resembling plastic films. Metagenomic analysis shows the critical role of hydrocarbonoclastic lineages in the biodegradation of the two plastics by the fatty acid degradation pathway, where the PE plastics host different microbial trajectories between the plastisphere (dominated by Alcanivorax) and surrounding seawater. In contrast, the PHB addition demonstrates decreased microbial richness and diversity, consistent community composition (dominated by Phaeobacter and Marinobacter), and apparently stimulated sulfur cycle and denitrification pathways in both the plastisphere and surrounding seawater. Our study gives scientific evidence on the marine biotic processes distinguishing petroleum- and biobased plastics, highlighting marine PHB input exerting straightforward impacts on the water phase and deserving critical management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Cao
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Baiyu Zhang
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Xing Song
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Guihua Dong
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Yuanmei Zhang
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Bing Chen
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
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Azizi N, Eslami R, Goudarzi S, Younesi H, Zarrin H. A Review of Current Achievements and Recent Challenges in Bacterial Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Production and Potential Applications. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2679-2700. [PMID: 38656151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Using petroleum-derived plastics has contributed significantly to environmental issues, such as greenhouse gas emissions and the accumulation of plastic waste in ecosystems. Researchers have focused on developing ecofriendly polymers as alternatives to traditional plastics to address these concerns. This review provides a comprehensive overview of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHAs), biodegradable biopolymers produced by microorganisms that show promise in replacing conventional plastics. The review discusses the classification, properties, and potential substrates of less studied mcl-PHAs, highlighting their greater ductility and flexibility compared to poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), a well-known but brittle PHA. The authors summarize existing research to emphasize the potential applications of mcl-PHAs in biomedicine, packaging, biocomposites, water treatment, and energy. Future research should focus on improving production techniques, ensuring economic viability, and addressing challenges associated with industrial implementation. Investigating the biodegradability, stability, mechanical properties, durability, and cost-effectiveness of mcl-PHA-based products compared to petroleum-based counterparts is crucial. The future of mcl-PHAs looks promising, with continued research expected to optimize production techniques, enhance material properties, and expand applications. Interdisciplinary collaborations among microbiologists, engineers, chemists, and materials scientists will drive progress in this field. In conclusion, this review serves as a valuable resource to understand mcl-PHAs as sustainable alternatives to conventional plastics. However, further research is needed to optimize production methods, evaluate long-term ecological impacts, and assess the feasibility and viability in various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Azizi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Research and Innovation Department, Sensofine Inc., Innovation Boost Zone (IBZ), Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C2, Canada
| | - Reza Eslami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Research and Innovation Department, Sensofine Inc., Innovation Boost Zone (IBZ), Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C2, Canada
| | - Shaghayegh Goudarzi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Habibollah Younesi
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Nour 64414-356, Iran
| | - Hadis Zarrin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Research and Innovation Department, Sensofine Inc., Innovation Boost Zone (IBZ), Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C2, Canada
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