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Eldesouky SE, Aseel DG, Elnouby MS, Galal FH, AL-Farga A, Hafez EE, Hussein HS. Synthesis of Tungsten Oxide, Iron Oxide, and Copper-Doped Iron Oxide Nanocomposites and Evaluation of Their Mixing Effects with Cyromazine against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval). ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:44867-44879. [PMID: 38046339 PMCID: PMC10688210 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology research is emerging as a cutting-edge technology, and nanocomposites have played a significant role in pest control. Therefore, the present study focuses on the synthesis of tungsten oxide (WO3), iron oxide (magnetic nanoparticle, MNP), and copper-doped iron oxide (MNP-Cu) nanocomposites and explores the different effects of their binary combinations with the insecticide cyromazine against Spodoptera littoralis. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. None of the tested nanomaterials showed any toxicity against the different stages of S. littoralis. Larval and pupal durations increased with increasing cyromazine and nanomaterial concentrations. The longest larval and pupal durations were recorded under treatment with the mixture of cyromazine (100 mg/L) + MNP-Cu (500 mg/L); the survival periods were 23.5 and 15.6 days, compared with 10.8 and 7.7 days in the control, respectively. The percentages of pupation and adult emergence were negatively affected by all treatments. Among the 500 mg/L nanomaterial combinations, only cyromazine (25 mg/L) and WO3 (500 mg/L) resulted in adult emergence (at a rate of 27.3%). Some abnormalities in the S. littoralis stages were observed following treatment with the tested materials. The glutathione S-transferase and alpha-esterase enzyme activities in S. littoralis were significantly increased after treatment with cyromazine, followed by cyromazine/MNP-Cu combinations. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) data showed that all treated insects had a higher immune response than the control. Finally, mixes of nanocomposites and cyromazine may be suggested as viable alternatives for S. littoralis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar E. Eldesouky
- Cotton
Pesticides Evaluation Department, Plant
Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, El-Sabhia, Alexandria 21616, Egypt
| | - Dalia G. Aseel
- Plant
Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation
Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific
Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Elnouby
- Composite
and Nanostructured Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology
and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Fatma H. Galal
- Biology
Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar AL-Farga
- Biochemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Jeddah University, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed E. Hafez
- Plant
Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation
Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific
Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Hanaa S. Hussein
- Applied Entomology
and Zoology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
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