1
|
Zimecki M, Artym J, Kocięba M, Zaczyńska E, Sysak A, Szczypka M, Lis M, Pawlak A, Obmińska-Mrukowicz B, Kaleta-Kuratewicz K, Zambrowicz A, Bobak Ł. Age-Dependent Effects of Yolkin on Contact Sensitivity and Immune Phenotypes in Juvenile Mice. Molecules 2024; 29:3254. [PMID: 39064833 PMCID: PMC11279269 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Yolkin, an egg yolk immunoregulatory protein, stimulates the humoral but inhibits the cellular immune response in adult mice. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of yolkin administration on the immune response using a model of juvenile, i.e., 28-day- and 37-day-old, mice. We examined the yolkin influence on the magnitude of the cellular immune response, which was determined as contact sensitivity (CS) to oxazolone (OXA), and the humoral immune response, which was determined as the antibody response to ovalbumin (OVA). Yolkin was administered in drinking water, followed by immunization with OXA or OVA. In parallel, the phenotypic changes in the lymphoid organs were determined following yolkin treatment and prior immunization. The results showed that yolkin had a stimulatory effect on CS in the mice treated with yolkin from the 37th day of life but not from the 28th day of life. In contrast, no regulatory effect of yolkin on antibody production was found in 28-day- and 37-day-old mice. Phenotypic studies revealed significant changes in the content of B cells and T cell subpopulations, including CD4+CD25+Foxp3 regulatory T cells. The association between the effects of yolkin on the magnitude of CS and phenotypic changes in main T- and B-cell compartments, as well the importance of changes in T-regulatory and CD8+ cells in the age categories, are discussed. We conclude that the immunoregulatory effects of yolkin on the generation of CS in mice are age dependent and change from stimulation in juvenile to suppression in adult mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Zimecki
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (J.A.); (M.K.); (E.Z.)
| | - Jolanta Artym
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (J.A.); (M.K.); (E.Z.)
| | - Maja Kocięba
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (J.A.); (M.K.); (E.Z.)
| | - Ewa Zaczyńska
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (J.A.); (M.K.); (E.Z.)
| | - Angelika Sysak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida Str. 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Marianna Szczypka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida Str. 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Magdalena Lis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida Str. 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Aleksandra Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida Str. 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida Str. 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.); (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Katarzyna Kaleta-Kuratewicz
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida Str. 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Zambrowicz
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, J. Chełmońskiego 37 Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (A.Z.); (Ł.B.)
| | - Łukasz Bobak
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, J. Chełmońskiego 37 Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (A.Z.); (Ł.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao J, Zhu R, He F, Wu M, Wu Y, Meng X, Liu X. Neuroprotective effects of galectin‑1 on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating oxidative stress. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:154. [PMID: 38476925 PMCID: PMC10928996 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes to the pathology of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Galectin-1 has shown an anti-oxidative stress effect. The present study investigated whether this anti-oxidative stress effect can account for the neuroprotective actions of galectin-1 induced by cerebral I/R injury. A cerebral I/R injury model was created in C57Bl/6 mice by transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, after which the mice were treated with galectin-1 for 3 days. Infarct volumes were measured. A rotarod test and neurological deficit score assessment was performed to evaluate the neurological deficits. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA), while the anti-oxidative stress status was assessed by measuring molecules such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidation enzyme (GSH-Px) in the ischemic cerebral hemisphere of mice. The inflammatory cytokines, including Interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were measured, and the expression of microglia was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in the ischemic cerebral hemisphere of mice. Galectin-1 treatment ameliorated neurological deficits and reduced infarct volumes in the mice model with cerebral I/R injury. Moreover, it was demonstrated that galectin-1 can significantly alleviate cerebral I/R injury in the ischemic cerebral hemisphere by decreasing the production of ROS and MDA, but increasing the production of CAT, SOD and GSH-Px. Galectin-1 treatment decreased microglia expression, and IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the ischemic cerebral hemisphere of mice. Galectin-1 could improve the outcome of cerebral I/R injury by alleviating oxidative stress. Moreover, the neuroprotective effect of galectin-1 in cerebral ischemia could be related to its anti-oxidative stress effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Feifei He
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Miao Wu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Yufu Wu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Xiangjun Meng
- Department of Neurology, Liaoyuan City Central Hospital, Liaoyuan, Jilin 136200, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nätynki A, Kokkonen N, Tuusa J, Ohlmeier S, Bergmann U, Tasanen K. Proteomic changes related to actin cytoskeleton function in the skin of vildagliptin-treated mice. J Dermatol Sci 2024; 113:121-129. [PMID: 38326167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vildagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i) is a widely used type 2 diabetes medication that is associated with an up-to 10-fold increased risk for the development of bullous pemphigoid (BP), an autoimmune skin disease. The mechanism by which vildagliptin promotes the development of BP remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To elucidate effects of vildagliptin treatment on the mouse cutaneous proteome. METHODS We analyzed the cutaneous proteome of nondiabetic mice treated for 12 weeks with vildagliptin using label-free shotgun mass spectrometry (MS), two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Although vildagliptin treatment did not cause any clinical signs or histological changes in the skin, separate MS and 2D-DIGE analyses revealed altered cutaneous expression of several proteins, many of which were related to actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Altogether 18 proteins were increased and 40 were decreased in the vildagliptin-treated mouse skin. Both methods revealed increased levels of beta-actin and C->U-editing enzyme APOBEC2 in vildagliptin-treated mice. However, elevated levels of a specific moesin variant in vildagliptin-treated animals were only detected with 2D-DIGE. Immunohistochemical staining showed altered cutaneous expression of DPP-4, moesin, and galectin-1. The changed proteins detected by MS and 2D-DIGE were linked to actin cytoskeleton remodeling, transport, cell movement and organelle assembly. CONCLUSION Vildagliptin treatment alters the cutaneous proteome of nondiabetic mice even without clinical signs in the skin. Cytoskeletal changes in the presence of other triggering factors may provoke a break of immune tolerance and further promote the development of BP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antti Nätynki
- Department of Dermatology, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nina Kokkonen
- Department of Dermatology, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jussi Tuusa
- Department of Dermatology, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Steffen Ohlmeier
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facilities, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ulrich Bergmann
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facilities, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kaisa Tasanen
- Department of Dermatology, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen J, Liu K, Luo Y, Kang M, Wang J, Chen G, Qi J, Wu W, Wang B, Han Y, Shi L, Wang K, Han X, Ma X, Liu W, Ding Y, Wang L, Liang H, Wang L, Chen J. Single-Cell Profiling of Tumor Immune Microenvironment Reveals Immune Irresponsiveness in Gastric Signet-Ring Cell Carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:88-103. [PMID: 36921674 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Gastric cancer (GC) is a major cancer type characterized by high heterogeneity in both tumor cells and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). One intractable GC subtype is gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma (GSRCC), which is associated with poor prognosis. However, it remains unclear what the GSRCC TIME characteristics are and how these characteristics may contribute to clinical outcomes. METHODS We enrolled 32 patients with advanced GC of diverse subtypes and profiled their TIME using an immune-targeted single-cell profiling strategy, including (1) immune-targeted single-cell RNA sequencing (n = 20 patients) and (2) protein expression profiling by a targeted antibody panel for mass cytometry (n = 12 patients). We also generated matched V(D)J (variable, diversity, and joining gene segments) sequencing of T and B cells along CD45+ immunocytes. RESULTS We found that compared to non-GSRCC, the GSRCC TIME appears to be quiescent, where both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are difficult to be mobilized, which further impairs the proper functions of B cells. CXCL13, mainly produced by follicular helper T cells, T helper type 17, and exhausted CD8+ T cells, is a central coordinator of this transformation. We show that CXCL13 expression can predict the response to immune checkpoint blockade in GC patients, which may be related to its effects on tertiary lymphoid structures. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a comprehensive molecular portrait of immune cell compositions and cell states in advanced GC patients, highlighting adaptive immune irresponsiveness in GSRCC and a mediator role of CXCL13 in TIME. Our targeted single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic profiling represents a powerful approach for TIME-oriented translational research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kuai Liu
- Institute of Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yikai Luo
- Graduate Program in Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Muxing Kang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guofeng Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Qi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxuan Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beidi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaxuan Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Le Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kefan Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaying Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangjing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Graduate Program in Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
| | - Lie Wang
- Institute of Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li X, Shi W, Wei G, Lv J, Wang D, Xing B, Zhou J, Zhao J, Sun H. Galectin-1 promotes angiogenesis and chondrogenesis during antler regeneration. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:40. [PMID: 37189051 PMCID: PMC10184426 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00456-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deer antlers are the only known mammalian structure that undergoes full regeneration. In addition, it is peculiar because when growing, it contains vascularized cartilage. The differentiation of antler stem cells (ASCs) into chondrocytes while inducing endochondral extension of blood vessels is necessary to form antler vascularized cartilage. Therefore, antlers provide an unparalleled opportunity to investigate chondrogenesis, angiogenesis, and regenerative medicine. A study found that Galectin-1 (GAL-1), which can be used as a marker in some tumors, is highly expressed in ASCs. This intrigued us to investigate what role GAL-1 could play in antler regeneration. METHODS We measured the expression level of GAL-1 in antler tissues and cells by immunohistochemistry, WB and QPCR. We constructed antlerogenic periosteal cells (APCs, one cell type of ASCs) with the GAL-1 gene knocked out (APCGAL-1-/-) using CRISPR-CAS9 gene editing system. The effect of GAL-1 on angiogenesis was determined by stimulating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) using APCGAL-1-/- conditioned medium or adding exogenous deer GAL-1 protein. The effect of APCGAL-1-/- on chondrogenic differentiation was evaluated compared with the APCs under micro-mass culture. The gene expression pattern of APCGAL-1-/- was analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry revealed that GAL-1 was widely expressed in the antlerogenic periosteum (AP), pedicle periosteum (PP) and antler growth center. Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis using deer cell lines further supports this result. The proliferation, migration, and tube formation assays of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) showed that the proangiogenic activity of APCGAL-1-/- medium was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared with the APCs medium. The proangiogenic activity of deer GAL-1 protein was further confirmed by adding exogenous deer GAL-1 protein (P < 0.05). The chondrogenic differentiation ability of APCGAL-1-/- was impeded under micro-mass culture. The terms of GO and KEGG enrichment of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of APCGAL-1-/- showed that down-regulated expression of pathways associated with deer antler angiogenesis, osteogenesis and stem cell pluripotency, such as the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells and TGF-β signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Deer GAL-1, has strong angiogenic activity, is widely and highly expressed in deer antler. The APCs can induce angiogenesis by secreting GAL-1. The knockout of GAL-1 gene of APCs damaged its ability to induce angiogenesis and differentiate into chondrocytes. This ability is crucial to the formation of deer antler vascularized cartilage. Moreover, Deer antlers offer a unique model to explore explore how angiogenesis at high levels of GAL-1 expression can be elegantly regulated without becoming cancerous.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xunsheng Li
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, China
| | - Wanwan Shi
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, China
| | - Guanning Wei
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, China
| | - Jinpeng Lv
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, China
| | - Datao Wang
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, China
| | - Baorui Xing
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, China
| | - Jue Zhou
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, China
| | - Jianwei Zhao
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, China
| | - Hongmei Sun
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu X, Qian J, Ding L, Yin S, Zhou L, Zheng S. Galectin-1: A Traditionally Immunosuppressive Protein Displays Context-Dependent Capacities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076501. [PMID: 37047471 PMCID: PMC10095249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin–Carbohydrate interactions are indispensable to pathogen recognition and immune response. Galectin-1, a ubiquitously expressed 14-kDa protein with an evolutionarily conserved β-galactoside binding site, translates glycoconjugate recognition into function. That galectin-1 is demonstrated to induce T cell apoptosis has led to substantial attention to the immunosuppressive properties of this protein, such as inducing naive immune cells to suppressive phenotypes, promoting recruitment of immunosuppressing cells as well as impairing functions of cytotoxic leukocytes. However, only in recent years have studies shown that galectin-1 appears to perform a pro-inflammatory role in certain diseases. In this review, we describe the anti-inflammatory function of galectin-1 and its possible mechanisms and summarize the existing therapies and preclinical efficacy relating to these agents. In the meantime, we also discuss the potential causal factors by which galectin-1 promotes the progression of inflammation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Kubik P, Jankau J, Rauso R, Galadari H, Protasoni M, Gruszczyński W, Grzanka D, Smolińska M, Antosik P, Piesiaków ML, Kodłubańska L, Zagajewska A, Łukasik B, Stabile G, Zerbinati N. HA PEGylated Filler in Association with an Infrared Energy Device for the Treatment of Facial Skin Aging: 150 Day Follow-Up Data Report. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1355. [PMID: 36355527 PMCID: PMC9697715 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The face is the area most exposed to the normal course of skin aging, both intrinsically and extrinsically. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cellular and clinical response of a therapeutic protocol aimed at countering facial skin aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty female patients with facial skin laxity and photodamage underwent combined therapy including mesotherapy using non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid with calcium hydroxyapatite and an infrared energy-based device treatment with subsequent implementation of PEG-cross-linked hyaluronic acid soft tissue fillers. To evaluate the benefits, patients underwent histological, immunological, and biomechanical evaluations before the treatment and at 21 and 150 days after the treatment. RESULTS The histological results at 21 days and 150 days after the procedure showed an increase in the number of fibroblasts and angiogenesis. As for the immunological aspect, it was shown that the treatment has an immunomodulating action, avoiding the activation of CD4 and CD8 cells. Biomechanical data showed that, at 150 days after treatment, the average changes in skin elasticity increased by 72% and the skin hydration increased by 49%. CONCLUSIONS A combination of an infrared energy-based device treatment with both non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid and novel PEG-cross-linked hyaluronic acid leads to numerous positive cutaneous changes after histological, immunological, and biomechanical evaluations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kubik
- Centrum Medyczne dr Kubik, Skwer Kościuszki 15/17, 81-370 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Jerzy Jankau
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Raffaele Rauso
- Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Hassan Galadari
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences UAE, University Al Ain, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marina Protasoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | | | - Dariusz Grzanka
- Department of Clinical Patomorphology, Nicolaus Copericus University, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Smolińska
- Department of Clinical Patomorphology, Nicolaus Copericus University, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Paulina Antosik
- Department of Clinical Patomorphology, Nicolaus Copericus University, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Lidia Kodłubańska
- Centrum Medyczne dr Kubik, Skwer Kościuszki 15/17, 81-370 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Anna Zagajewska
- Centrum Medyczne dr Kubik, Skwer Kościuszki 15/17, 81-370 Gdynia, Poland
| | | | - Giorgio Stabile
- Department of Clinical Dermartology, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Zerbinati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Unraveling How Tumor-Derived Galectins Contribute to Anti-Cancer Immunity Failure. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184529. [PMID: 34572756 PMCID: PMC8469970 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This review compiles our current knowledge of one of the main pathways activated by tumors to escape immune attack. Indeed, it integrates the current understanding of how tumor-derived circulating galectins affect the elicitation of effective anti-tumor immunity. It focuses on several relevant topics: which are the main galectins produced by tumors, how soluble galectins circulate throughout biological liquids (taking a body-settled gradient concentration into account), the conditions required for the galectins’ functions to be accomplished at the tumor and tumor-distant sites, and how the physicochemical properties of the microenvironment in each tissue determine their functions. These are no mere semantic definitions as they define which functions can be performed in said tissues instead. Finally, we discuss the promising future of galectins as targets in cancer immunotherapy and some outstanding questions in the field. Abstract Current data indicates that anti-tumor T cell-mediated immunity correlates with a better prognosis in cancer patients. However, it has widely been demonstrated that tumor cells negatively manage immune attack by activating several immune-suppressive mechanisms. It is, therefore, essential to fully understand how lymphocytes are activated in a tumor microenvironment and, above all, how to prevent these cells from becoming dysfunctional. Tumors produce galectins-1, -3, -7, -8, and -9 as one of the major molecular mechanisms to evade immune control of tumor development. These galectins impact different steps in the establishment of the anti-tumor immune responses. Here, we carry out a critical dissection on the mechanisms through which tumor-derived galectins can influence the production and the functionality of anti-tumor T lymphocytes. This knowledge may help us design more effective immunotherapies to treat human cancers.
Collapse
|