1
|
Tuncay G, Yuksekdag A, Mutlu BK, Koyuncu I. A review of greener approaches for rare earth elements recovery from mineral wastes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124379. [PMID: 38885830 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The use of rare earth elements (REE) in many various fields, including high-tech products, increases the demand for these materials day by day. The production of REE from primary sources has expanded in response to increasing demand; however, due to its limited, a more sustainable supply is also started to offer for the REE demand by using secondary sources. The most commonly used metallurgical method for REE recovery is hydrometallurgical processes. However, it has some disadvantages, like pyrometallurgical methods. In the review, studies of the environmental impacts of REE production from primary sources and life cycle assessments of products containing REE were investigated. According to the results, it has been seen that those studies in the literature in which hydrometallurgical methods have changed to more environmentally friendly approaches have begun to increase. In this review, mine wastes, which are secondary sources, were defined, conventional methods of recovery of rare earth elements were discussed, greener approaches to the recovery of REE from these sources were comprehensively examined and studies in the literature were evaluated. Furthermore, it was stated that there are limited studies on green approaches and REE recovery from mineral wastes and that this field is developing with an emphasis on the current outlook and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Tuncay
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mineral Research Agency (TENMAK) - Rare Earth Elements Research Institute (NATEN), Kahramankazan, 06980, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Yuksekdag
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Borte Kose Mutlu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Koyuncu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aunnankat K, Pancharoen U, Kiatkittipong W, Aiouache F, Najdanovic-Visak V, Ramakul P. Application of solubility data on a hollow fiber supported liquid membrane system for the extraction of gold (I) cyanide from electronic industrial wastewater. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2022.2030728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kridsada Aunnankat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Ura Pancharoen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Worapon Kiatkittipong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Farid Aiouache
- Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Vesna Najdanovic-Visak
- Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Prakorn Ramakul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bashiri A, Nikzad A, Maleki R, Asadnia M, Razmjou A. Rare Earth Elements Recovery Using Selective Membranes via Extraction and Rejection. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:80. [PMID: 35054606 PMCID: PMC8779715 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Recently, demands for raw materials like rare earth elements (REEs) have increased considerably due to their high potential applications in modern industry. Additionally, REEs' similar chemical and physical properties caused their separation to be difficult. Numerous strategies for REEs separation such as precipitation, adsorption and solvent extraction have been applied. However, these strategies have various disadvantages such as low selectivity and purity of desired elements, high cost, vast consumption of chemicals and creation of many pollutions due to remaining large amounts of acidic and alkaline wastes. Membrane separation technology (MST), as an environmentally friendly approach, has recently attracted much attention for the extraction of REEs. The separation of REEs by membranes usually occurs through three mechanisms: (1) complexation of REE ions with extractant that is embedded in the membrane matrix, (2) adsorption of REE ions on the surface created-active sites on the membrane and (3) the rejection of REE ions or REEs complex with organic materials from the membrane. In this review, we investigated the effect of these mechanisms on the selectivity and efficiency of the membrane separation process. Finally, potential directions for future studies were recommended at the end of the review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atiyeh Bashiri
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16845-161, Iran;
| | - Arash Nikzad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2054-6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada;
| | - Reza Maleki
- Department of Physics, University of Tehran, Tehran 14395-547, Iran;
| | - Mohsen Asadnia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia;
| | - Amir Razmjou
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Simple Preparation of LaPO 4:Ce, Tb Phosphors by an Ionic-Liquid-Driven Supported Liquid Membrane System. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143424. [PMID: 31336869 PMCID: PMC6679419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, LaPO4:Ce, Tb phosphors were prepared by firing a LaPO4:Ce, Tb precipitate using an ionic-liquid-driven supported liquid membrane system. The entire system consisted of three parts: a mixed rare earth ion supply phase, a phosphate supply phase, and an ionic-liquid-driven supporting liquid membrane phase. This method showed the advantages of a high flux, high efficiency, and more controllable reaction process. The release rate of PO43- from the liquid film under different types of ionic liquid, the ratio of the rare earth ions in the precursor mixture, and the structure, morphology, and photoluminescence properties of LaPO4:Ce, Tb were investigated by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, scanning electron microscopy, and photoluminescence emission spectra methods. The results showed that a pure phase of lanthanum orthophosphate with a monoclinic structure can be formed. Due to differences in the anions in the rare earth supply phase, the prepared phosphors showed micro-spherical (when using rare earth sulfate as the raw material) and nanoscale stone-shape (when using rare earth nitrate as the raw material) morphologies. Moreover, the phosphors prepared by this method had good luminescent properties, reaching a maximum emission intensity under 277 nm excitation with a predominant green emission at 543 nm which corresponded to the 5D4-7F5 transition of Tb3+.
Collapse
|
5
|
Martínez J, Rodríguez Varela R, Forsberg K, Rasmuson Å. Factors influencing separation selectivity of rare earth elements in flat sheet supported liquid membranes. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
6
|
|
7
|
Sharaf M, Yoshida W, Kubota F, Kolev SD, Goto M. A polymer inclusion membrane composed of the binary carrier PC-88A and Versatic 10 for the selective separation and recovery of Sc. RSC Adv 2018; 8:8631-8637. [PMID: 35539843 PMCID: PMC9078549 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12697b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports on the selective separation of scandium (Sc) from other rare earth metals (REMs) using a polymer inclusion membrane (PIM). The PIM prepared with PC-88A (2-ethylhexyl hydrogen-2-ethylhexylphosphonate) alone as the carrier showed high extractability but the poor back-extraction of the extracted Sc3+ ions did not allow the transport of these ions to the receiving solution of a membrane transport system. To overcome this problem, a novel approach was introduced using a mixture of carriers that allowed Sc3+ transport into the receiving solution. A cellulose triacetate (CTA) based PIM containing both PC-88A and Versatic 10 (decanoic acid) as carriers and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) as a plasticizer was prepared for the selective separation of Sc3+ from other REM ions in nitrate media. The membrane composition was optimized and the effect of operational parameters such as pH of the feed solution and composition of the receiving solution was explored. The flux at the membrane/feed solution interface was found to depend significantly on the carrier concentration in the PIM, pH of the feed solution and the receiving solution acidity. The newly developed PIM allowed quantitative and selective transport of Sc3+ thus demonstrating its suitability for the selective recovery of this metal. This study reports on the selective separation of scandium (Sc) from other rare earth metals (REMs) using a polymer inclusion membrane (PIM).![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maha Sharaf
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Wataru Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Fukiko Kubota
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Spas D. Kolev
- School of Chemistry
- The University of Melbourne
- Australia
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management (CAPIM)
- The University of Melbourne
| | - Masahiro Goto
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao P, Yang F, Zhao Z, Liao Q, Zhang Y, Chen P, Guo W, Bai R. A simple preparation method for rare-earth phosphate nano materials using an ionic liquid-driven supported liquid membrane system. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
9
|
Wilfong WC, Kail BW, Bank TL, Howard BH, Gray ML. Recovering Rare Earth Elements from Aqueous Solution with Porous Amine-Epoxy Networks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:18283-18294. [PMID: 28498653 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Recovering aqueous rare earth elements (REEs) from domestic water sources is one key strategy to diminish the U.S.'s foreign reliance of these precious commodities. Herein, we synthesized an array of porous, amine-epoxy monolith and particle REE recovery sorbents from different polyamine, namely tetraethylenepentamine, and diepoxide (E2), triepoxide (E3), and tetra-epoxide (E4) monomer combinations via a polymer-induced phase separation (PIPS) method. The polyamines provided -NH2 (primary amine) plus -NH (secondary amine) REE adsorption sites, which were partially reacted with C-O-C (epoxide) groups at different amine/epoxide ratios to precipitate porous materials that exhibited a wide range of apparent porosities and REE recoveries/affinities. Specifically, polymer particles (ground monoliths) were tested for their recovery of La3+, Nd3+, Eu3+, Dy3+, and Yb3+ (Ln3+) species from ppm-level, model REE solutions (pH ≈ 2.4, 5.5, and 6.4) and a ppb-level, simulated acid mine drainage (AMD) solution (pH ≈ 2.6). Screening the sorbents revealed that E3/TEPA-88 (88% theoretical reaction of -NH2 plus -NH) recovered, overall, the highest percentage of Ln3+ species of all particles from model 100 ppm- and 500 ppm-concentrated REE solutions. Water swelling (monoliths) and ex situ, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) (ground monoliths/particles) data revealed the high REE uptake by the optimized particles was facilitated by effective distribution of amine and hydroxyl groups within a porous, phase-separated polymer network. In situ DRIFTS results clarified that phase separation, in part, resulted from polymerization of the TEPA-E3 (N-N-diglycidyl-4-glycidyloxyaniline) species in the porogen via C-N bond formation, especially at higher temperatures. Most importantly, the E3/TEPA-88 material cyclically recovered >93% of ppb-level Ln3+ species from AMD solution in a recovery-strip-recovery scheme, highlighting the efficacy of these materials for practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Christopher Wilfong
- U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory , P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Brian W Kail
- AECOM , 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Tracy L Bank
- AECOM , 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Bret H Howard
- U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - McMahan L Gray
- U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zaheri P, Ghassabzadeh H, Abolghasemi H, Maraghe MG, Mohammadi T. Facilitated transport of Europium through supported liquid membrane using Cyanex272 as carrier and mass transfer modelling. CAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Zaheri
- Material and Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School; Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute; 14155-1339 Tehran Iran
| | | | - Hossein Abolghasemi
- Center for Separation Processes Modelling and Nano- computations; School of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; University of Tehran; 11365-4563 Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Ghannadi Maraghe
- Material and Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School; Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute; 14155-1339 Tehran Iran
| | - Toraj Mohammadi
- Research and Technology Centre for Membrane Processes; Faculty of Chemical Engineering; Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), 13114-16846; Narmak Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou Z, Liu F, Huang Y, Wang Z, Li G. Biosorption of palladium(II) from aqueous solution by grafting chitosan on persimmon tannin extract. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 77:336-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
12
|
Zaheri P, Abolghasemi H, Mohammadi T, Maraghe MG. Synergistic extraction and separation of Dysprosium and Europium by supported liquid membrane. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-014-0350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
13
|
Wongkaew K, Pancharoen U, Phatanasri S, Leepipatpiboon N, Lothongkum AW. Effect of diluent polarity on membrane stability in the separation of trace Pd(II) from wastewater by HFSLM using LIX84-I. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
14
|
He J, Li Y, Xue X, Ru H, Huang X, Yang H. Extraction of Ce(iv) from sulphuric acid solution by emulsion liquid membrane using D2EHPA as carrier. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11851d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A possible scheme for Ce(iv) extraction by ELM using D2EHPA as extractant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingui He
- School of Material and Metallurgy
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Material and Metallurgy
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Xiangxin Xue
- School of Material and Metallurgy
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Hongqiang Ru
- School of Material and Metallurgy
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Materials
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals
- Grirem Advanced Materials Co., Ltd
- Beijing 100088
- China
| | - He Yang
- School of Material and Metallurgy
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang
- China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Simultaneous extraction and stripping of lead ions via a hollow fiber supported liquid membrane: Experiment and modeling. J IND ENG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
16
|
Sunsandee N, Ramakul P, Hronec M, Pancharoen U, Leepipatpiboon N. Mathematical model and experimental validation of the synergistic effect of selective enantioseparation of (S)-amlodipine from pharmaceutical wastewater using a HFSLM. J IND ENG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|