1
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Zilles JC, Dos Santos FL, Kulkamp-Guerreiro IC, Contri RV. Biological activities and safety data of kojic acid and its derivatives - a review. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1500-1521. [PMID: 35960194 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Kojic acid presents a variety of applications for human use, especially as a depigmenting agent. Its derivatives are also proposed in order to prevent chemical degradation, prevent adverse effects and improve efficacy. The aim of this study was to peer review the current scientific literature concerning the biological activities and safety data of kojic acid or its derivatives, aiming at human use, and trying to elucidate the action mechanisms. Three different databases were assessed and the word "kojic" was crossed with "toxicity", "adverse effect", "efficacy", "effect", "activity" and "safety". Articles were selected according to pre-defined criteria. Besides the depigmenting activity, kojic acid and derivatives can act as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, radioprotector, anticonvulsant and obesity management agents, and present potential as antitumor substances. Depigmenting activity is due to the molecules, after penetrating the cell, binding to tyrosinase active site, regulating melanogenesis factors, leucocytes modulation and free radical scavenging activity. Hence, polarity, size and ligands are also important factors for activity. Kojic acid and derivatives present cytotoxicity to some cancerous cell lines, including melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, ovarian cancer, breast cancer and colon cancer. Regarding safety, kojic acid or its derivatives are safe molecules for human use in the concentrations tested. Kojic acid and its derivatives have great potential for cosmetic, pharmaceutical and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Capp Zilles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas - PPGCF, Universidade Federal do Rio grande do Sul, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Irene Clemes Kulkamp-Guerreiro
- Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade Federal do Rio grande do Sul, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas - PPGCF, Universidade Federal do Rio grande do Sul, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Vidor Contri
- Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade Federal do Rio grande do Sul, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas - PPGCF, Universidade Federal do Rio grande do Sul, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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2
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Lachowicz JI, Mateddu A, Coni P, Caltagirone C, Murgia S, Gibson D, Dalla Torre G, Lopez X, Meloni F, Pichiri G. Study of the DNA binding mechanism and in vitro activity against cancer cells of iron(III) and aluminium(III) kojic acid derivative complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:6254-6263. [PMID: 35373808 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00111j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metal ions have unique electrochemical and spectroscopical properties that cannot be attained by purely organic compounds. Most of the metal ions are toxic to humans, but paradoxically, metallodrugs are used in medicine as therapeutics and theranostics. Metallodrugs are eliminated in urine and faeces, and therefore release toxic metals and ligands into aquatic ecosystems, thereby raising concerns regarding environmental risks. The use of metallodrugs based on essential metal ions (i.e., iron, copper and zinc), instead of toxic ions, is a new alternative with minor hazards. Kojic acid is an Asperigillus oryzae metabolite of low toxicity used in the food and cosmetics industries. Its derivatives form stable complexes with iron(III) ions, which bind effectively to DNA and inhibit DNA polymerization. The iron(III)/S2 ligand complexes reduce in vitro colon carcinoma (Caco2) cell viability and significantly decrease the cell number. The kojic acid derivative complexes with iron(III) presented here are an alternative to the currently used platinum complexes in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna I Lachowicz
- University of Cagliari, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Anna Mateddu
- University of Cagliari, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Pierpaolo Coni
- University of Cagliari, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Claudia Caltagirone
- University of Cagliari, Department of Chemical and Geological Science, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sergio Murgia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, Cagliari I-09124, Italy.,CSGI, Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Dan Gibson
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gabriele Dalla Torre
- Donostia International Physics Centre (DIPC), PK 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Xabier Lopez
- Donostia International Physics Centre (DIPC), PK 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Federico Meloni
- University of Cagliari, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Pichiri
- University of Cagliari, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy.
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3
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Cappai R, Crisponi G, Sanna D, Ugone V, Melchior A, Garribba E, Peana M, Zoroddu MA, Nurchi VM. Thermodynamic Study of Oxidovanadium(IV) with Kojic Acid Derivatives: A Multi-Technique Approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1037. [PMID: 34681261 PMCID: PMC8541509 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The good chelating properties of hydroxypyrone (HPO) derivatives towards oxidovanadium(IV) cation, VIVO2+, constitute the precondition for the development of new insulin-mimetic and anticancer compounds. In the present work, we examined the VIVO2+ complex formation equilibria of two kojic acid (KA) derivatives, L4 and L9, structurally constituted by two kojic acid units linked in position 6 through methylene diamine and diethyl-ethylenediamine, respectively. These chemical systems have been characterized in solution by the combined use of various complementary techniques, as UV-vis spectrophotometry, potentiometry, NMR and EPR spectroscopy, ESI-MS spectrometry, and DFT calculations. The thermodynamic approach allowed proposing a chemical coordination model and the calculation of the complex formation constants. Both ligands L4 and L9 form 1:1 binuclear complexes at acidic and physiological pHs, with various protonation degrees in which two KA units coordinate each VIVO2+ ion. The joined use of different techniques allowed reaching a coherent vision of the complexation models of the two ligands toward oxidovanadium(IV) ion in aqueous solution. The high stability of the formed species and the binuclear structure may favor their biological action, and represent a good starting point toward the design of new pharmacologically active vanadium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Cappai
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Guido Crisponi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Daniele Sanna
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trav. La Crucca 3, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (D.S.); (V.U.)
| | - Valeria Ugone
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trav. La Crucca 3, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (D.S.); (V.U.)
| | - Andrea Melchior
- DPIA, Laboratorio di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Udine, Via del Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Eugenio Garribba
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.G.); (M.P.); (M.A.Z.)
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.G.); (M.P.); (M.A.Z.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Zoroddu
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.G.); (M.P.); (M.A.Z.)
| | - Valeria Marina Nurchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
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4
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Bąchor R, Randaccio E, Lachowicz JI, Stefanowicz P, Nurchi VM, Szewczuk Z. Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Mimosine-Containing Peptides. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-020-10092-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNon-proteinogenic amino acids are widely explored group of compounds due to their chemical properties and great potential of application in the combinatorial chemistry, medicinal investigation etc. Therefore the synthetic methods of their incorporation to the peptide chain are required. l-Mimosine, (S)-α-amino-β-(3-hydoxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridin-1-yl)-propanoic acid), is a plant amino acid, known to induce apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer xenografts. Here we present our investigations on the synthesis of mimosine-containing peptide and their ESI-MS/MS analysis. We successfully applied Fmoc-protected mimosine a with a free hydroxy ketone group for efficient peptide synthesis in the presence of HATU as a coupling reagent without the formation of side products. Additionally the tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealed the characteristic loss of the heterocyclic ring from mimosine residue side chain. The described method allows insertion of mimosine residue at any endo-position within a peptide sequence. The obtained results may be useful in the synthesis and mass spectrometry analysis of various mimosine-containing peptides.
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5
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Complexation of environmentally and biologically relevant metals with bifunctional 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinones. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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6
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Abstract
Kojic acid, one of the most widespread 3-hydroxypyran-4-one derivatives, displays
a wide range of biological activities and found application in food as well as cosmetics
industry. The synthesis of kojic acid derivatives has provoked great interest as an easily
available and biologically active precursor among organic and medicinal researchers. Multicomponent
reactions, involving three or more reactants in one-pot thereby resulting in a
structure with functional diversity are efficient methods for the promotion of green chemistry
in the context of modern drug discovery. They offer several advantages over conventional
stepwise protocols like simplicity, efficiency, selectivity, convergence and atom economy.
This review aims to highlight the versatility of kojic acid as an important synthon in multicomponent
reactions for the construction of various biologically relevant compounds such as pyrano[3,2‐
b]chromenediones, pyrano[3,2-b]pyrans, pyrano[2′,3′:5,6]pyrano[2,3‑b]pyridines, spiro[indoline-3,4’-pyrano[3,
2-b]pyrans, 2-substituted kojic acid conjugates, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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7
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Xue LW, Han YJ, Luo XQ. Six-coordinated oxidovanadium(V) complexes derived from hydrazone and pyrone ligands: synthesis, spectroscopy, and catalytic property. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1723629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Wei Xue
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Jun Han
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Luo
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan Henan, P.R. China
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8
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Medici S, Peana M, Nurchi VM, Zoroddu MA. Medical Uses of Silver: History, Myths, and Scientific Evidence. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5923-5943. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Serenella Medici
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Valeria M. Nurchi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
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9
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Lachowicz JI, Crespo-Alonso M, Caltagirone C, Alberti G, Biesuz R, Orton JO, Nurchi VM. Salicylamide derivatives for iron and aluminium sequestration. From synthesis to complexation studies. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:580-588. [PMID: 29685783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an easy, fast and economic synthesis of chelating agents for medical, environmental and analytical applications, and the evaluation of the stability of their complexes with Fe3+ and Al3+. Complex formation equilibria with Cu2+ and Zn2+ metal ions were also studied to evaluate if the chelating agents can perturb the homeostatic equilibria of these essential metal ions. Effective chelating agents for metal ions, in addition to their well-known medical uses, find an increasing number of applications in environmental remediation, agricultural applications (supplying essential elements in an easily available form), and in analytical chemistry as colorimetric reagents. Besides the stability of the complexes, the lack of toxicity and the low cost are the basic requisites of metal chelating agents. With these aims in mind, we utilized ethyl salicylate, a cheap molecule without toxic effects, and adopted a simple synthetic strategy to join two salicylate units through linear diamines of variable length. Actually, the mutual position of the metal binding oxygen groups, as well as the linker length, affected protonation and complex formation equilibria. A thorough study of the ligands is presented. In particular, the complex formation equilibria of the three ligands toward Fe3+, Al3+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions were investigated by combined potentiometric and spectrophotometric techniques. The results are encouraging: all the three ligands form stable complexes with all the investigated metal ions, involving the oxygen donor atoms from the 2-hydroxybenzamido unit, and nitrogen atoms in copper and zinc coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna I Lachowicz
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Miriam Crespo-Alonso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy
| | - Claudia Caltagirone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - James O Orton
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Valeria M Nurchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy
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10
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Nurchi VM, Crisponi G, Lachowicz JI, Jaraquemada-Pelaez MDG, Bretti C, Peana M, Medici S, Zoroddu MA. Equilibrium studies of new bis-hydroxypyrone derivatives with Fe3+, Al3+, Cu2+ and Zn2+. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 189:103-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Endrizzi F, Di Bernardo P, Zanonato PL, Tisato F, Porchia M, Ahmed Isse A, Melchior A, Tolazzi M. Cu(i) and Ag(i) complex formation with the hydrophilic phosphine 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphadamantane in different ionic media. How to estimate the effect of a complexing medium. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:1455-1466. [PMID: 28074209 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04221j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The complexes of Cu(i) and Ag(i) with 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphadamantane (PTA) are currently studied for their potential clinical use as anticancer agents, given the cytotoxicity they exhibited in vitro towards a panel of several human tumor cell lines. These metallodrugs are prepared in the form of [M(PTA)4]+ (M = Cu+, Ag+) compounds and dissolved in physiological solution for their administration. However, the nature of the species involved in the cytotoxic activity of the compounds is often unknown. In the present work, the thermodynamics of formation of the complexes of Cu(i) and Ag(i) with PTA in aqueous solution is investigated by means of potentiometric, spectrophotometric and microcalorimetric methods. The results show that both metal(i) ions form up to four successive complexes with PTA. The formation of Ag(i) complexes is studied at 298.15 K in 0.1 M NaNO3 whereas the formation of the Cu(i) one is studied in 1 M NaCl, where Cu(i) is stabilized by the formation of three successive chloro-complexes. Therefore, for this latter system, conditional stability constants and thermodynamic data are obtained. To estimate the affinity of Cu(i) for PTA in the absence of chloride, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations have been done to obtain the stoichiometry and the relative stability of the possible Cu/PTA/Cl species. Results indicate that one chloride ion is involved in the formation of the first two complexes of Cu(i) ([CuCl(PTA)] and [CuCl(PTA)2]) whereas it is absent in the successive ones ([Cu(PTA)3]+ and [Cu(PTA)4]+). The combination of DFT results and thermodynamic experimental data has been used to estimate the stability constants of the four [Cu(PTA)n]+ (n = 1-4) complexes in an ideal non-complexing medium. The calculated stability constants are higher than the corresponding conditional values and show that PTA prefers Cu(i) to the Ag(i) ion. The approach used here to estimate the hidden role of chloride on the conditional stability constants of Cu(i) complexes may be applied to any Cu(i)/ligand system, provided that the stoichiometry of the species in NaCl solution is known. The speciation for the two systems shows that the [M(PTA)4]+ (M = Cu+, Ag+) complexes present in the metallodrugs are dissociated into lower stoichiometry species when diluted to the micromolar concentration range, typical of the in vitro biological testing. Accordingly, [Cu(PTA)2]+, [Cu(PTA)3]+ and [Ag(PTA)2]+ are predicted to be the species actually involved in the cytotoxic activity of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Endrizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy. and Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Plinio Di Bernardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Pier Luigi Zanonato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | | | | | - Abdirisak Ahmed Isse
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Melchior
- Dipartimento Politecnico di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università di Udine, Laboratori di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, via Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Marilena Tolazzi
- Dipartimento Politecnico di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università di Udine, Laboratori di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, via Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy
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12
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Peng Q, Yuan Y, Zhang H, Bo S, Li Y, Chen S, Yang Z, Zhou X, Jiang ZX. 19F CEST imaging probes for metal ion detection. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:6441-6446. [PMID: 28741638 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01068k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
For detecting metal ions with 19F chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging (19F CEST MRI), a class of novel fluorinated chelators with diverse fluorine contents and chelation properties were conveniently synthesized on gram scales. Among them, a DTPA-derived chelator with high sensitivity and selectivity was identified as a novel 19F CEST imaging probe for simultaneously detecting multiple metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Peng
- Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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13
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Cappai R, Chand K, Lachowicz JI, Chaves S, Gano L, Crisponi G, Nurchi VM, Peana M, Zoroddu MA, Santos MA. A new tripodal-3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone for iron and aluminium sequestration: synthesis, complexation and in vivo studies. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00116b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new highly efficient tris-hydroxypyridinone chelator for iron and aluminum, with promising capacity as a potential metal decorporation agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Cappai
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - Karam Chand
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - Joanna I. Lachowicz
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari
- Italy
| | - Sílvia Chaves
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - Lurdes Gano
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN)
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 2695-066 Bobadela LRS
- Portugal
| | - Guido Crisponi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari
- Italy
| | - Valeria M. Nurchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari
- Italy
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia
- Università di Sassari
- 07100 Sassari
- Italy
| | | | - M. Amélia Santos
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
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14
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Nurchi VM, Jaraquemada-Pelaez MDG, Lachowicz JI, Zoroddu MA, Peana M, Domínguez-Martín A, Choquesillo-Lazarte D, Remelli M, Szewczuk Z, Crisponi G. Looking at new ligands for chelation therapy. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03947f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Four kojic acid derivatives were synthesized, and their chelation properties toward Fe3+, Al3+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ metal ions were evaluated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Marina Nurchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- I-09042 Monserrato-Cagliari
- Italy
| | | | - Joanna I. Lachowicz
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- I-09042 Monserrato-Cagliari
- Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Peana
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia
- Università di Sassari
- I-07100 Sassari
- Italy
| | - Alicia Domínguez-Martín
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Campus Cartuja
- University of Granada
- Granada
| | | | - Maurizio Remelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche
- Università di Ferrara
- I-44121 Ferrara
- Italy
| | - Zbigniew Szewczuk
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Wroclaw
- F. Joliot-Curie 14
- Wroclaw
- Poland
| | - Guido Crisponi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- I-09042 Monserrato-Cagliari
- Italy
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15
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Peana M, Medici S, Nurchi VM, Lachowicz JI, Crisponi G, Garribba E, Sanna D, Zoroddu MA. Interaction of a chelating agent, 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)pyridin-4(1 H )-one, with Al(III), Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 171:18-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Rajamanikyam M, Gade S, Vadlapudi V, Parvathaneni SP, Koude D, Kumar Dommati A, Kumar Tiwari A, Misra S, Sripadi P, Amanchy R, Upadhyayula SM. Biophysical and biochemical characterization of active secondary metabolites from Aspergillus allahabadii. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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17
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Lachowicz JI, Nurchi VM, Crisponi G, Jaraquemada-Pelaez MDG, Caltagirone C, Peana M, Zoroddu MA, Szewczuk Z, Cooper GJ. Complex formation equilibria of Cu2+ and Zn2+ with Irbesartan and Losartan. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 97:158-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Nurchi VM, Crisponi G, Lachowicz JI, Medici S, Peana M, Zoroddu MA. Chemical features of in use and in progress chelators for iron overload. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2016; 38:10-18. [PMID: 27365273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
An excessive amount of iron may become extremely toxic both for its ability to generate reactive oxygen species, and for the lack of regulatory mechanisms for iron excretion in humans. Chelation therapy has been introduced in clinical practice in the 1970's to defend thalassemia patients from the effects of iron overload and it has dramatically changed both life expectancy and quality of life. The disadvantages of the drugs in clinical use make the research for new, more suitable iron chelating agents, urgent. This review defines the requirements of an iron chelator, then points out the principal chemical features of the iron chelators in use. Finally, a survey on the last ten years of the literature relative to iron chelators is done, and the most interesting ligands are presented, with particular emphasis to those that reached clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Marina Nurchi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Guido Crisponi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy
| | - Joanna I Lachowicz
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy
| | - Serenella Medici
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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19
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Crea F, De Stefano C, Foti C, Lando G, Milea D, Sammartano S. Alkali Metal Ion Complexes with Phosphates, Nucleotides, Amino Acids, and Related Ligands of Biological Relevance. Their Properties in Solution. Met Ions Life Sci 2016; 16:133-66. [PMID: 26860301 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21756-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alkali metal ions play very important roles in all biological systems, some of them are essential for life. Their concentration depends on several physiological factors and is very variable. For example, sodium concentrations in human fluids vary from quite low (e.g., 8.2 mmol dm(-3) in mature maternal milk) to high values (0.14 mol dm(-3) in blood plasma). While many data on the concentration of Na(+) and K(+) in various fluids are available, the information on other alkali metal cations is scarce. Since many vital functions depend on the network of interactions occurring in various biofluids, this chapter reviews their complex formation with phosphates, nucleotides, amino acids, and related ligands of biological relevance. Literature data on this topic are quite rare if compared to other cations. Generally, the stability of alkali metal ion complexes of organic and inorganic ligands is rather low (usually log K < 2) and depends on the charge of the ligand, owing to the ionic nature of the interactions. At the same time, the size of the cation is an important factor that influences the stability: very often, but not always (e.g., for sulfate), it follows the trend Li(+) > Na(+) > K(+) > Rb(+) > Cs(+). For example, for citrate it is: log K ML = 0.88, 0.80, 0.48, 0.38, and 0.13 at 25 °C and infinite dilution. Some considerations are made on the main aspects related to the difficulties in the determination of weak complexes. The importance of the alkali metal ion complexes was also studied in the light of modelling natural fluids and in the use of these cations as probes for different processes. Some empirical relationships are proposed for the dependence of the stability constants of Na(+) complexes on the ligand charge, as well as for correlations among log K values of NaL, KL or LiL species (L = generic ligand).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Crea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Concetta De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Foti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Gabriele Lando
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Demetrio Milea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Silvio Sammartano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy.
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20
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Lachowicz JI, Nurchi VM, Crisponi G, Jaraquemada-Pelaez MG, Arca M, Pintus A, Santos MA, Quintanova C, Gano L, Szewczuk Z, Zoroddu MA, Peana M, Domínguez-Martín A, Choquesillo-Lazarte D. Hydroxypyridinones with enhanced iron chelating properties. Synthesis, characterization and in vivo tests of 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine-4(1H)-one. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:6517-28. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00129g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
an tautomeric changes positively influence coordinating ability?
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21
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Lachowicz JI, Nurchi VM, Crisponi G, Jaraquemada-Pelaez MDG, Ostrowska M, Jezierska J, Gumienna-Kontecka E, Peana M, Zoroddu MA, Choquesillo-Lazarte D, Niclós-Gutiérrez J, González-Pérez JM. Zinc(II) and copper(II) complexes with hydroxypyrone iron chelators. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 151:94-106. [PMID: 26281974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
High stability of the complexes formed at physiological pH is one of the basic requisites that a good iron chelator must possess. At the same time the chelating agent must be selective toward iron, i.e., the stability of iron complexes must be significantly higher than that of the complexes formed with essential metal ions, in order that these last ones do not perturb iron chelation. In the frame of our research on iron chelators we have designed and synthesized a series of tetradentate derivatives of kojic acid, and examined their binding properties toward Fe(3+) and Al(3+). In this paper, for a characterization of the behavior of the proposed iron chelating agents in biological fluids, their complex formation equilibria with copper(II) and zinc(II) ions have been fully characterized together with a speciation study, showing the degree at which the iron chelators interfere with the homeostatic equilibria of these two essential metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Department of Chemistry and Geology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Valeria Marina Nurchi
- Department of Chemistry and Geology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Guido Crisponi
- Department of Chemistry and Geology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Małgorzata Ostrowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie Street 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Julia Jezierska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie Street 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Duane Choquesillo-Lazarte
- Laboratorio de Estudios Cristalográficos, IACT, CSIC-Universidad de Granada, Av. de las Palmeras 4, E-18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Niclós-Gutiérrez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Cartuja, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Josefa Maria González-Pérez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Cartuja, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
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Lachowicz JI, Nurchi VM, Crisponi G, Pelaez MDGJ, Rescigno A, Stefanowicz P, Cal M, Szewczuk Z. Metal coordination and tyrosinase inhibition studies with Kojic-βAla-Kojic. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 151:36-43. [PMID: 26239546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Kojic acid is a natural antifungal and antibacterial agent that has been extensively studied for its tyrosinase inhibitory and metal coordination properties. Tyrosinase is a metalloenzyme with two copper ions in the active site. It is widely accepted that the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of kojic acid is related to its ability to coordinate metals. Over the past five years, we have used kojic acid to synthesize new and efficient bis-kojic acid chelators of iron and aluminium. In parallel, we investigated whether the de novo designed ligands could interfere with proper tyrosinase functioning. The present study combines our experience with inhibition and coordination studies of the new ligand: Kojic-βAla-Kojic. Research aimed at the assembly of a new potent tyrosinase inhibitor was based on the well-known crystal structure of the enzyme. Two questions were whether two kojic acids could act better than one and to what extent the length and kind of linker could ameliorate metal coordination, and inhibitory activity. Our results show that Kojic-βAla-Kojic has high affinity for Fe(III), Al(III), Zn(II), and Cu(II) and strong tyrosinase inhibitory effect and it can be proposed for use in industrial and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy.
| | - Valeria Marina Nurchi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Guido Crisponi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Rescigno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Piotr Stefanowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Marta Cal
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Szewczuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
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23
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Crisponi G, Nurchi VM, Crespo-Alonso M, Sanna G, Zoroddu MA, Alberti G, Biesuz R. A Speciation Study on the Perturbing Effects of Iron Chelators on the Homeostasis of Essential Metal Ions. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133050. [PMID: 26192307 PMCID: PMC4508027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of reports have appeared in literature calling attention to the depletion of essential metal ions during chelation therapy on β-thalassaemia patients. We present a speciation study to determine how the iron chelators used in therapy interfere with the homeostatic equilibria of essential metal ions. This work includes a thorough analysis of the pharmacokinetic properties of the chelating agents currently in clinical use, of the amounts of iron, copper and zinc available in plasma for chelation, and of all the implied complex formation constants. The results of the study show that a significant amount of essential metal ions is complexed whenever the chelating agent concentration exceeds the amount necessary to coordinate all disposable iron--a frequently occurring situation during chelation therapy. On the contrary, copper and zinc do not interfere with iron chelation, except for a possible influence of copper on iron speciation during deferiprone treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Crisponi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Valeria Marina Nurchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Miriam Crespo-Alonso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gavino Sanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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24
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An NMR study on the 6,6′-(2-(diethylamino)ethylazanediyl)bis(methylene)bis(5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-4H-pyran-4-one) interaction with AlIII and ZnII ions. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 148:69-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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25
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Isaia F, Aragoni MC, Arca M, Bettoschi A, Caltagirone C, Castellano C, Demartin F, Lippolis V, Pivetta T, Valletta E. Zinc(II)-methimazole complexes: synthesis and reactivity. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:9805-14. [PMID: 25928254 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00917k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The tetrahedral S-coordinated complex [Zn(MeImHS)4](ClO4)2, synthesised from the reaction of [Zn(ClO4)2] with methimazole (1-methyl-3H-imidazole-2-thione, MeImHS), reacts with triethylamine to yield the homoleptic complex [Zn(MeImS)2] (MeImS = anion methimazole). ESI-MS and MAS (13)C-NMR experiments supported MeImS acting as a (N,S)-chelating ligand. The DFT-optimised structure of [Zn(MeImS)2] is also reported and the main bond lengths compared to those of related Zn-methimazole complexes. The complex [Zn(MeImS)2] reacts under mild conditions with methyl iodide and separates the novel complex [Zn(MeImSMe)2I2] (MeImSMe = S-methylmethimazole). X-ray diffraction analysis of the complex shows a ZnI2N2 core, with the methyl thioethers uncoordinated to zinc. Conversely, the reaction of [Zn(MeImS)2] with hydroiodic acid led to the formation of the complex [Zn(MeImHS)2I2] having a ZnI2S2 core with the neutral methimazole units S-coordinating the metal centre. The Zn-coordinated methimazole can markedly modify the coordination environment when changing from its thione to thionate form and vice versa. The study of the interaction of the drug methimazole with the complex [Zn(MeIm)4](2+) (MeIm = 1-methylimidazole) - as a model for Zn-enzymes containing a N4 donor set from histidine residues - shows that methimazole displaces only one of the coordinated MeIm molecules; the formation constant of the mixed complex [Zn(MeIm)3(MeImHS)](2+) was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Isaia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy.
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