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Zhang X, Yang Y, Yuan Y, Yue S, Zhao X, Yue Q, Zeng Q, Guo Q, Zhou X. Hyperpolarized 129Xe Atoms Sense the Presence of Drug Molecules in Nanohosts Revealed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38818902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Assessing the effectiveness of nanomedicines involves evaluating the drug content at the target site. Currently, most research focuses on monitoring the signal responses from loaded drugs, neglecting the changes caused by the nanohosts. Here, we propose a strategy to quantitatively evaluate the content of loaded drugs by detecting the signal variations resulting from the alterations in the microenvironment of the nanohosts. Specifically, hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe atoms are employed as probes to sense the nanohosts' environment and generate a specific magnetic resonance (MR) signal that indicates their accessibility. The introduction of drugs reduces the available space in the nanohosts, leading to a crowded microenvironment that hinders the access of the 129Xe atoms. By employing 129Xe atoms as a signal source to detect the alterations in the microenvironment, we constructed a three-dimensional (3D) map that indicated the concentration of the nanohosts and established a linear relationship to quantitatively measure the drug content within the nanohosts based on the corresponding MR signals. Using the developed strategy, we successfully quantified the uptake of the nanohosts and drugs in living cells through HP 129Xe MR imaging. Overall, the proposed HP 129Xe atom-sensing approach can be used to monitor alterations in the microenvironment of nanohosts induced by loaded drugs and provides a new perspective for the quantitative evaluation of drug presence in various nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaping Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Sen Yue
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiuchao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Quer Yue
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qingbin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qianni Guo
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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2
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Tayler MCD, Bodenstedt S. NMRduino: A modular, open-source, low-field magnetic resonance platform. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2024; 362:107665. [PMID: 38598992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2024.107665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The NMRduino is a compact, cost-effective, sub-MHz NMR spectrometer that utilizes readily available open-source hardware and software components. One of its aims is to simplify the processes of instrument setup and data acquisition control to make experimental NMR spectroscopy accessible to a broader audience. In this introductory paper, the key features and potential applications of NMRduino are described to highlight its versatility both for research and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C D Tayler
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Sven Bodenstedt
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
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3
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Batarchuk V, Shepelytskyi Y, Grynko V, Kovacs AH, Hodgson A, Rodriguez K, Aldossary R, Talwar T, Hasselbrink C, Ruset IC, DeBoef B, Albert MS. Hyperpolarized Xenon-129 Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (HyperCEST) Molecular Imaging: Achievements and Future Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1939. [PMID: 38339217 PMCID: PMC10856220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an emerging field that is set to revolutionize our perspective of disease diagnosis, treatment efficacy monitoring, and precision medicine in full concordance with personalized medicine. A wide range of hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe biosensors have been recently developed, demonstrating their potential applications in molecular settings, and achieving notable success within in vitro studies. The favorable nuclear magnetic resonance properties of 129Xe, coupled with its non-toxic nature, high solubility in biological tissues, and capacity to dissolve in blood and diffuse across membranes, highlight its superior role for applications in molecular MRI settings. The incorporation of reporters that combine signal enhancement from both hyperpolarized 129Xe and chemical exchange saturation transfer holds the potential to address the primary limitation of low sensitivity observed in conventional MRI. This review provides a summary of the various applications of HP 129Xe biosensors developed over the last decade, specifically highlighting their use in MRI. Moreover, this paper addresses the evolution of in vivo applications of HP 129Xe, discussing its potential transition into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriia Batarchuk
- Chemistry Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (V.B.)
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Yurii Shepelytskyi
- Chemistry Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (V.B.)
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Vira Grynko
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
- Chemistry and Materials Science Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Antal Halen Kovacs
- Applied Life Science Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Aaron Hodgson
- Physics Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Karla Rodriguez
- Chemistry Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (V.B.)
| | - Ruba Aldossary
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Tanu Talwar
- Chemistry Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (V.B.)
| | - Carson Hasselbrink
- Chemistry & Biochemistry Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407-005, USA
| | | | - Brenton DeBoef
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Mitchell S. Albert
- Chemistry Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (V.B.)
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
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Ariyasingha NM, Samoilenko A, Birchall JR, Chowdhury MRH, Salnikov OG, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov VI, Zhu DC, Qian C, Bradley M, Gelovani JG, Koptyug IV, Goodson BM, Chekmenev EY. Ultra-Low-Cost Disposable Hand-Held Clinical-Scale Propane Gas Hyperpolarizer for Pulmonary Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sensing. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3845-3854. [PMID: 37772716 PMCID: PMC10902876 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents are revolutionizing the field of biomedical imaging. Hyperpolarized Xe-129 was recently FDA approved as an inhalable MRI contrast agent for functional lung imaging sensing. Despite success in research settings, modern Xe-129 hyperpolarizers are expensive (up to $1M), large, and complex to site and operate. Moreover, Xe-129 sensing requires specialized MRI hardware that is not commonly available on clinical MRI scanners. Here, we demonstrate that proton-hyperpolarized propane gas can be produced on demand using a disposable, hand-held, clinical-scale hyperpolarizer via parahydrogen-induced polarization, which relies on parahydrogen as a source of hyperpolarization. The device consists of a heterogeneous catalytic reactor connected to a gas mixture storage can containing pressurized hyperpolarization precursors: propylene and parahydrogen (10 bar total pressure). Once the built-in flow valve of the storage can is actuated, the precursors are ejected from the can into a reactor, and a stream of hyperpolarized propane gas is ejected from the reactor. Robust operation of the device is demonstrated for producing proton sensing polarization of 1.2% in a wide range of operational pressures and gas flow rates. We demonstrate that the propylene/parahydrogen gas mixture can retain potency for days in the storage can with a monoexponential decay time constant of 6.0 ± 0.5 days, which is limited by the lifetime of the parahydrogen singlet spin state in the storage container. The utility of the produced sensing agent is demonstrated for phantom imaging on a 3 T clinical MRI scanner located 100 miles from the agent/device preparation site and also for ventilation imaging of excised pig lungs using a 0.35 T clinical MRI scanner. The cost of the device components is less than $35, which we envision can be reduced to less than $5 for mass-scale production. The hyperpolarizer device can be reused, recycled, or disposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuwandi M Ariyasingha
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Anna Samoilenko
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Jonathan R Birchall
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Md Raduanul H Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Oleg G Salnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Larisa M Kovtunova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Valerii I Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - David C Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Chunqi Qian
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Michael Bradley
- Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Juri G Gelovani
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University, 10700, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Sciences, Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
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5
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Perron S, Ouriadov A. Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI at low field: Current status and future directions. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2023; 348:107387. [PMID: 36731353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is dictated by the magnetization of the sample, and is thus a low-sensitivity imaging method. Inhalation of hyperpolarized (HP) noble gases, such as helium-3 and xenon-129, is a non-invasive, radiation-risk free imaging technique permitting high resolution imaging of the lungs and pulmonary functions, such as the lung microstructure, diffusion, perfusion, gas exchange, and dynamic ventilation. Instead of increasing the magnetic field strength, the higher spin polarization achievable from this method results in significantly higher net MR signal independent of tissue/water concentration. Moreover, the significantly longer apparent transverse relaxation time T2* of these HP gases at low magnetic field strengths results in fewer necessary radiofrequency (RF) pulses, permitting larger flip angles; this allows for high-sensitivity imaging of in vivo animal and human lungs at conventionally low (<0.5 T) field strengths and suggests that the low field regime is optimal for pulmonary MRI using hyperpolarized gases. In this review, theory on the common spin-exchange optical-pumping method of hyperpolarization and the field dependence of the MR signal of HP gases are presented, in the context of human lung imaging. The current state-of-the-art is explored, with emphasis on both MRI hardware (low field scanners, RF coils, and polarizers) and image acquisition techniques (pulse sequences) advancements. Common challenges surrounding imaging of HP gases and possible solutions are discussed, and the future of low field hyperpolarized gas MRI is posed as being a clinically-accessible and versatile imaging method, circumventing the siting restrictions of conventional high field scanners and bringing point-of-care pulmonary imaging to global facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Perron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Alexei Ouriadov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Collier GJ, Schulte RF, Rao M, Norquay G, Ball J, Wild JM. Imaging gas-exchange lung function and brain tissue uptake of hyperpolarized 129 Xe using sampling density-weighted MRSI. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:2217-2226. [PMID: 36744585 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Imaging of the different resonances of hyperpolarized 129 Xe in the brain and lungs was performed using a 3D sampling density-weighted MRSI technique in healthy volunteers. METHODS Four volunteers underwent dissolved-phase hyperpolarized 129 Xe imaging in the lung with the MRSI technique, which was designed to improve the point-spread function while preserving SNR (1799 phase-encoding steps, 14-s breath hold, 2.1-cm isotropic resolution). A frequency-tailored RF excitation pulse was implemented to reliably excite both the 129 Xe gas and dissolved phase (tissue/blood signal) with 0.1° and 10° flip angles, respectively. Images of xenon gas in the lung airspaces and xenon dissolved in lung tissue/blood were used to generate quantitative signal ratio maps. The method was also optimized and used for imaging dissolved resonances of 129 Xe in the brain in 2 additional volunteers. RESULTS High-quality regional spectra of hyperpolarized 129 Xe were achieved in both the lung and the brain. Ratio maps of the different xenon resonances were obtained in the lung with sufficient SNR (> 10) at both 1.5 T and 3 T, making a triple Lorentzian fit possible and enabling the measurement of relaxation times and xenon frequency shifts on a voxel-wise basis. The imaging technique was successfully adapted for brain imaging, resulting in the first demonstration of 3D xenon brain images with a 2-cm isotropic resolution. CONCLUSION Density-weighted MRSI is an SNR and encoding-efficient way to image 129 Xe resonances in the lung and the brain, providing a valuable tool to quantify regional spectroscopic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilhem J Collier
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,INSIGNEO institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Madhwesha Rao
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Graham Norquay
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - James Ball
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jim M Wild
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,INSIGNEO institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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7
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Stäglich R, Kemnitzer TW, Harder MC, Schmutzler A, Meinhart M, Keenan CD, Rössler EA, Senker J. Portable Hyperpolarized Xe-129 Apparatus with Long-Time Stable Polarization Mediated by Adaptable Rb Vapor Density. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:2578-2589. [PMID: 35420816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The extraordinary sensitivity of 129Xe, hyperpolarized by spin-exchange optical pumping, is essential for magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy in life and materials sciences. However, fluctuations of the polarization over time still limit the reproducibility and quantification with which the interconnectivity of pore spaces can be analyzed. Here, we present a polarizer that not only produces a continuous stream of hyperpolarized 129Xe but also maintains stable polarization levels on the order of hours, independent of gas flow rates. The polarizer features excellent magnetization production rates of about 70 mL/h and 129Xe polarization values on the order of 40% at moderate system pressures. Key design features include a vertically oriented, large-capacity two-bodied pumping cell and a separate Rb presaturation chamber having its own temperature control, independent of the main pumping cell oven. The separate presaturation chamber allows for precise control of the Rb vapor density by restricting the Rb load and varying the temperature. The polarizer is both compact and transportable─making it easily storable─and adaptable for use in various sample environments. Time-evolved two-dimensional (2D) exchange spectra of 129Xe absorbed in the microporous metal-organic framework CAU-1-AmMe are presented to highlight the quantitative nature of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Stäglich
- Inorganic Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Tobias W Kemnitzer
- Inorganic Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Marie C Harder
- Inorganic Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Adrian Schmutzler
- Inorganic Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Marcel Meinhart
- Inorganic Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Caroline D Keenan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Carson-Newman University, 1645 Russel Avenue, Jefferson City, Tennessee 37760, United States
| | - Ernst A Rössler
- Inorganic Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jürgen Senker
- Inorganic Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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8
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Pilot Quality-Assurance Study of a Third-Generation Batch-Mode Clinical-Scale Automated Xenon-129 Hyperpolarizer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041327. [PMID: 35209116 PMCID: PMC8879294 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present a pilot quality assurance (QA) study of a clinical-scale, automated, third-generation (GEN-3) 129Xe hyperpolarizer employing batch-mode spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) with high-Xe densities (50% natural abundance Xe and 50% N2 in ~2.6 atm total pressure sourced from Nova Gas Technologies) and rapid temperature ramping enabled by an aluminum heating jacket surrounding the 0.5 L SEOP cell. 129Xe hyperpolarization was performed over the course of 700 gas loading cycles of the SEOP cell, simulating long-term hyperpolarized contrast agent production in a clinical lung imaging setting. High levels of 129Xe polarization (avg. %PXe = 51.0% with standard deviation σPXe = 3.0%) were recorded with fast 129Xe polarization build-up time constants (avg. Tb = 25.1 min with standard deviation σTb = 3.1 min) across the first 500 SEOP cell refills, using moderate temperatures of 75 °C. These results demonstrate a more than 2-fold increase in build-up rate relative to previously demonstrated results in a comparable QA study on a second-generation (GEN-2) 129Xe hyperpolarizer device, with only a minor reduction in maximum achievable %PXe and with greater consistency over a larger number of SEOP cell refill processes at a similar polarization lifetime duration (avg. T1 = 82.4 min, standard deviation σT1 = 10.8 min). Additionally, the effects of varying SEOP jacket temperatures, distribution of Rb metal, and preparation and operation of the fluid path are quantified in the context of device installation, performance optimization and maintenance to consistently produce high 129Xe polarization values, build-up rates (Tb as low as 6 min) and lifetimes over the course of a typical high-throughput 129Xe polarization SEOP cell life cycle. The results presented further demonstrate the significant potential for hyperpolarized 129Xe contrast agent in imaging and bio-sensing applications on a clinical scale.
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9
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Joalland B, Theis T, Appelt S, Chekmenev EY. Background‐Free Proton NMR Spectroscopy with Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission Radiation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Joalland
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) 5101 Cass Ave Detroit MI 48202 USA
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695-8204 USA
| | - Stephan Appelt
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie (ITMC) RWTH Aachen University 52056 Aachen Germany
- Central Institute for Engineering Electronics and Analytics—Electronic Systems (ZEA 2) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) 5101 Cass Ave Detroit MI 48202 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 14, 119991 Moscow Russia
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10
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Joalland B, Theis T, Appelt S, Chekmenev EY. Background-Free Proton NMR Spectroscopy with Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission Radiation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26298-26302. [PMID: 34459080 PMCID: PMC8629966 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on the utility of Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission Radiation (RASER) for background-free proton detection of hyperpolarized biomolecules. We performed hyperpolarization of ≈0.3 M ethyl acetate via pairwise parahydrogen addition to vinyl acetate. A proton NMR signal with signal-to-noise ratio exceeding 100 000 was detected without radio-frequency excitation at the clinically relevant magnetic field of 1.4 T using a standard (non-cryogenic) inductive detector with quality factor of Q=68. No proton background signal was observed from protonated solvent (methanol) or other added co-solvents such as ethanol, water or bovine serum. Moreover, we demonstrate RASER detection without radio-frequency excitation of a bolus of hyperpolarized contrast agent in biological fluid. Completely background-free proton detection of hyperpolarized contrast agents in biological media paves the way to new applications in the areas of high-resolution NMR spectroscopy and in vivo spectroscopy and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Joalland
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA
| | - Stephan Appelt
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics-Electronic Systems (ZEA 2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect, 14, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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11
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Abstract
The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) in the clinical setting enables the acquisition of valuable anatomical information in a rapid, non-invasive fashion. However, MRI applications for identifying disease-related biomarkers are limited due to low sensitivity at clinical magnetic field strengths. The development of hyperpolarized (hp) 129Xe MRI/MRS techniques as complements to traditional 1H-based imaging has been a burgeoning area of research over the past two decades. Pioneering experiments have shown that hp 129Xe can be encapsulated within host molecules to generate ultrasensitive biosensors. In particular, xenon has high affinity for cryptophanes, which are small organic cages that can be functionalized with affinity tags, fluorophores, solubilizing groups, and other moieties to identify biomedically relevant analytes. Cryptophane sensors designed for proteins, metal ions, nucleic acids, pH, and temperature have achieved nanomolar-to-femtomolar limits of detection via a combination of 129Xe hyperpolarization and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) techniques. This review aims to summarize the development of cryptophane biosensors for 129Xe MRI applications, while highlighting innovative biosensor designs and the consequent enhancements in detection sensitivity, which will be invaluable in expanding the scope of 129Xe MRI. This review aims to summarize the development of cryptophane biosensors for 129Xe MRI applications, while highlighting innovative biosensor designs and the consequent enhancements in detection sensitivity, which will be invaluable in expanding the scope of 129Xe MRI.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge D Zemerov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Ivan J Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
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12
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Khan AS, Harvey RL, Birchall JR, Irwin RK, Nikolaou P, Schrank G, Emami K, Dummer A, Barlow MJ, Goodson BM, Chekmenev EY. Enabling Clinical Technologies for Hyperpolarized 129 Xenon Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22126-22147. [PMID: 34018297 PMCID: PMC8478785 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization is a technique that can increase nuclear spin polarization with the corresponding gains in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals by 4-8 orders of magnitude. When this process is applied to biologically relevant samples, the hyperpolarized molecules can be used as exogenous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. A technique called spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) can be applied to hyperpolarize noble gases such as 129 Xe. Techniques based on hyperpolarized 129 Xe are poised to revolutionize clinical lung imaging, offering a non-ionizing, high-contrast alternative to computed tomography (CT) imaging and conventional proton MRI. Moreover, CT and conventional proton MRI report on lung tissue structure but provide little functional information. On the other hand, when a subject breathes hyperpolarized 129 Xe gas, functional lung images reporting on lung ventilation, perfusion and diffusion with 3D readout can be obtained in seconds. In this Review, the physics of SEOP is discussed and the different production modalities are explained in the context of their clinical application. We also briefly compare SEOP to other hyperpolarization methods and conclude this paper with the outlook for biomedical applications of hyperpolarized 129 Xe to lung imaging and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alixander S Khan
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Rebecca L Harvey
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jonathan R Birchall
- Intergrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Robert K Irwin
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | - Geoffry Schrank
- Northrup Grumman Space Systems, 45101 Warp Drive, Sterling, VA, 20166, USA
| | | | | | - Michael J Barlow
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, 1245 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
- Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, 1245 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Intergrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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13
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Niedbalski PJ, Hall CS, Castro M, Eddy RL, Rayment JH, Svenningsen S, Parraga G, Zanette B, Santyr GE, Thomen RP, Stewart NJ, Collier GJ, Chan HF, Wild JM, Fain SB, Miller GW, Mata JF, Mugler JP, Driehuys B, Willmering MM, Cleveland ZI, Woods JC. Protocols for multi-site trials using hyperpolarized 129 Xe MRI for imaging of ventilation, alveolar-airspace size, and gas exchange: A position paper from the 129 Xe MRI clinical trials consortium. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:2966-2986. [PMID: 34478584 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized (HP) 129 Xe MRI uniquely images pulmonary ventilation, gas exchange, and terminal airway morphology rapidly and safely, providing novel information not possible using conventional imaging modalities or pulmonary function tests. As such, there is mounting interest in expanding the use of biomarkers derived from HP 129 Xe MRI as outcome measures in multi-site clinical trials across a range of pulmonary disorders. Until recently, HP 129 Xe MRI techniques have been developed largely independently at a limited number of academic centers, without harmonizing acquisition strategies. To promote uniformity and adoption of HP 129 Xe MRI more widely in translational research, multi-site trials, and ultimately clinical practice, this position paper from the 129 Xe MRI Clinical Trials Consortium (https://cpir.cchmc.org/XeMRICTC) recommends standard protocols to harmonize methods for image acquisition in HP 129 Xe MRI. Recommendations are described for the most common HP gas MRI techniques-calibration, ventilation, alveolar-airspace size, and gas exchange-across MRI scanner manufacturers most used for this application. Moreover, recommendations are described for 129 Xe dose volumes and breath-hold standardization to further foster consistency of imaging studies. The intention is that sites with HP 129 Xe MRI capabilities can readily implement these methods to obtain consistent high-quality images that provide regional insight into lung structure and function. While this document represents consensus at a snapshot in time, a roadmap for technical developments is provided that will further increase image quality and efficiency. These standardized dosing and imaging protocols will facilitate the wider adoption of HP 129 Xe MRI for multi-site pulmonary research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Niedbalski
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Chase S Hall
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Rachel L Eddy
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jonathan H Rayment
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah Svenningsen
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grace Parraga
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brandon Zanette
- Translational Medicine Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giles E Santyr
- Translational Medicine Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert P Thomen
- Departments of Radiology and Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Neil J Stewart
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Guilhem J Collier
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ho-Fung Chan
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jim M Wild
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sean B Fain
- Departments of Medical Physics, Radiology, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - G Wilson Miller
- Center for In-vivo Hyperpolarized Gas MR Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jaime F Mata
- Center for In-vivo Hyperpolarized Gas MR Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - John P Mugler
- Center for In-vivo Hyperpolarized Gas MR Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Bastiaan Driehuys
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew M Willmering
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Zackary I Cleveland
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics (Pulmonary Medicine) and Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jason C Woods
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics (Pulmonary Medicine) and Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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14
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Khan AS, Harvey RL, Birchall JR, Irwin RK, Nikolaou P, Schrank G, Emami K, Dummer A, Barlow MJ, Goodson BM, Chekmenev EY. Enabling Clinical Technologies for Hyperpolarized
129
Xenon Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alixander S. Khan
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Rebecca L. Harvey
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Jonathan R. Birchall
- Intergrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) 5101 Cass Avenue Detroit MI 48202 USA
| | - Robert K. Irwin
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | | | - Geoffry Schrank
- Northrup Grumman Space Systems 45101 Warp Drive Sterling VA 20166 USA
| | | | | | - Michael J. Barlow
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University 1245 Lincoln Drive Carbondale IL 62901 USA
- Materials Technology Center Southern Illinois University 1245 Lincoln Drive Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Intergrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) 5101 Cass Avenue Detroit MI 48202 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences Leninskiy Prospekt 14 Moscow 119991 Russia
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15
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Birchall JR, Irwin RK, Chowdhury MRH, Nikolaou P, Goodson BM, Barlow MJ, Shcherbakov A, Chekmenev EY. Automated Low-Cost In Situ IR and NMR Spectroscopy Characterization of Clinical-Scale 129Xe Spin-Exchange Optical Pumping. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3883-3888. [PMID: 33591160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present on the utility of in situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic techniques for automated advanced analysis of the 129Xe hyperpolarization process during spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP). The developed software protocol, written in the MATLAB programming language, facilitates detailed characterization of hyperpolarized contrast agent production efficiency based on determination of key performance indicators, including the maximum achievable 129Xe polarization, steady-state Rb-129Xe spin-exchange and 129Xe polarization build-up rates, 129Xe spin-relaxation rates, and estimates of steady-state Rb electron polarization. Mapping the dynamics of 129Xe polarization and relaxation as a function of SEOP temperature enables systematic optimization of the batch-mode SEOP process. The automated analysis of a typical experimental data set, encompassing ∼300 raw NMR and NIR spectra combined across six different SEOP temperatures, can be performed in under 5 min on a laptop computer. The protocol is designed to be robust in operation on any batch-mode SEOP hyperpolarizer device. In particular, we demonstrate the implementation of a combination of low-cost NIR and low-frequency NMR spectrometers (∼$1,100 and ∼$300 respectively, ca. 2020) for use in the described protocols. The demonstrated methodology will aid in the characterization of NMR hyperpolarization hardware in the context of SEOP and other hyperpolarization techniques for more robust and less expensive clinical production of HP 129Xe and other contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Birchall
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Robert K Irwin
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Md Raduanul H Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | | | | | - Michael J Barlow
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Anton Shcherbakov
- Smart-A, Perm, Perm Region 614000, Russia.,Custom Medical Systems (CMS) LTD, Nicosia 2312, Cyprus
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States.,Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow 119991, Russia
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16
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Marshall H, Stewart NJ, Chan HF, Rao M, Norquay G, Wild JM. In vivo methods and applications of xenon-129 magnetic resonance. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 122:42-62. [PMID: 33632417 PMCID: PMC7933823 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarised gas lung MRI using xenon-129 can provide detailed 3D images of the ventilated lung airspaces, and can be applied to quantify lung microstructure and detailed aspects of lung function such as gas exchange. It is sensitive to functional and structural changes in early lung disease and can be used in longitudinal studies of disease progression and therapy response. The ability of 129Xe to dissolve into the blood stream and its chemical shift sensitivity to its local environment allow monitoring of gas exchange in the lungs, perfusion of the brain and kidneys, and blood oxygenation. This article reviews the methods and applications of in vivo129Xe MR in humans, with a focus on the physics of polarisation by optical pumping, radiofrequency coil and pulse sequence design, and the in vivo applications of 129Xe MRI and MRS to examine lung ventilation, microstructure and gas exchange, blood oxygenation, and perfusion of the brain and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Marshall
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Neil J Stewart
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ho-Fung Chan
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Madhwesha Rao
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Norquay
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jim M Wild
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
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17
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Birchall JR, Irwin RK, Nikolaou P, Pokochueva EV, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Barlow MJ, Goodson BM, Chekmenev EY. Pilot multi-site quality assurance study of batch-mode clinical-scale automated xenon-129 hyperpolarizers. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2020; 316:106755. [PMID: 32512397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a pilot quality assurance (QA) study of spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) performed on two nearly identical second-generation (GEN-2) automated batch-mode clinical-scale 129Xe hyperpolarizers, each utilizing a convective forced air oven, high-power (~170 W) continuous pump laser irradiation, and xenon-rich gas mixtures (~1.30 atm partial pressure). In one study, the repeatability of SEOP in a 1000 Torr Xe/900 Torr N2/100 Torr 4He (2000 Torr total pressure) gas mixture is evaluated over the course of ~700 gas loading cycles, with negligible decrease in performance during the first ~200 cycles, and with high 129Xe polarization levels (avg. %PXe = 71.7% with standard deviation σPXe = 1.5%), build-up rates (avg. γSEOP = 0.019 min-1 with standard deviation σγ = 0.003 min-1) and polarization lifetimes (avg. T1 = 90.5 min with standard deviation σT = 10.3 min) reported at moderate oven temperature of ~70 °C. Although the SEOP cell in this study exhibited a detectable performance decrease after 400 cycles, the cell continued to produce potentially useable HP 129Xe with %PXe = 42.3 ± 0.6% even after nearly 700 refill cycles. The possibility of "regenerating" "dormant" (i.e., not used for an extended period of time) SEOP cells using repeated temperature cycling methods to recover %PXe is also demonstrated. The quality and consistency of results show significant promise for translation to clinical-scale production of hyperpolarized 129Xe contrast agents for imaging and bio-sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Birchall
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Robert K Irwin
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ekaterina V Pokochueva
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Street 3A, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Street 3A, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Street 3A, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Michael J Barlow
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States; Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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