Oral microbial shift induced by probiotic Bacillus coagualans along with its clinical perspectives

Bacillus coagulans TCI711 Supplementation Improved Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver by Modulating Gut Microbiota: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial

Background

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the major problems of chronic liver disease worldwide. It not only causes damage to the liver but also engenders chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Recent studies have shown that regulating Bacillus coagulans can improve NAFLD.

Objectives

This trial explores whether B. coagulans TCI711 (BCT) could ameliorate NAFLD.

Methods

A total of 57 patients with NAFLD were recruited through FibroScan liver fibrosis scanner and divided into placebo (n = 28) and BCT-supplemented groups (n = 29). Specifically, 1 BCT probiotic capsule was supplemented daily for 8 wk. Furthermore, the blood, stool, and fatty liver content were then examined.

Results

Parameters evaluated for liver and kidney indicators showed no side effects after supplementing BCT. A significant reduction of 8.7% in the fatty liver was achieved by effectively suppressing the grade of fatty liver as revealed by controlled attenuation parameter. BCT also regulated gut microbiota profiles, with significant increases observed in Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Ruminococcaceae, and Sellimonas compared with the baseline.

Conclusions

BCT may improve NAFLD by regulating gut microbiota, and parameters evaluated for liver and kidney indicate no side effects.

Role of probiotics in managing various human diseases, from oral pathology to cancer and gastrointestinal diseases

The imbalance of microbial composition and diversity in favor of pathogenic microorganisms combined with a loss of beneficial gut microbiota taxa results from factors such as age, diet, antimicrobial administration for different infections, other underlying medical conditions, etc. Probiotics are known for their capacity to improve health by stimulating the indigenous gut microbiota, enhancing host immunity resistance to infection, helping digestion, and carrying out various other functions. Concurrently, the metabolites produced by these microorganisms, termed postbiotics, which include compounds like bacteriocins, lactic acid, and hydrogen peroxide, contribute to inhibiting a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. This review presents an update on using probiotics in managing and treating various human diseases, including complications that may emerge during or after a COVID-19 infection.

Spontaneous Recession Repair after Orthodontic Treatment: Case Report with the Use of Digital Approach for Quantification of Soft Tissue Changes

The article presents a case of spontaneous recession repair in a male patient with Class II malocclusion, division 1, after orthodontic treatment with aligners. The difference in digital recession depth was measured before and at the end of treatment by means of automatic intraoral scans superimposition within adapted software while using "Cross section" and "Measuring" instruments. Digital analysis of intraoral scans obtained before and at the end of treatment has revealed that recessions within the area of teeth 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, and 2.5 have improved, and recession depth reduced by 0.73 ± 0.08 mm, 1.02 ± 0.09 mm, 1.86 ± 0.13 mm, 0.72 ± 0.09 mm, 0.73 ± 0.04 mm, 0.67 ± 0.06 mm, 0.66 ± 0.07 mm, 1.50 ± 0.12 mm, 1.10 ± 0.05 mm, and 0.45 ± 0.04 mm, appropriately. The present case report emphasizes that orthodontic correction of altered tooth position (angulation, inclination, and rotation) under certain clinical conditions may be considered as an effective method for soft tissue contour optimization in cases when pre-treatment tooth position could be interpreted as a causative factor or associated with diagnosed recession. The following outcomes could be related, but not limited to creeping attachment mechanism, bone-housing centering effects, optimization of occlusal load distribution with ruling out peak zones of strain accumulation, and mucogingival stress leveling. Due to the authors' knowledge, the present case report is the first one where the signs of spontaneous recession repair after orthodontic treatment were evidenced with the intraoral scans and quantified by the specifically implemented digital analysis approach.