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Liu Y, Wu Y, Hu X, Sun Y, Zeng G, Wang Q, Liu S, Sun M. The role of vitamin D receptor in predentin mineralization and dental repair after injury. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 396:343-351. [PMID: 38492000 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-024-03886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Dentin is a permeable and complex tubular composite formed by the mineralization of predentin that mineralization and repair are of considerable clinical interest during dentin homeostasis. The role of Vdr, a receptor of vitamin D, in dentin homeostasis remains unexplored. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of Vdr on predentin mineralization and dental repair. Vdr-knockout (Vdr-/-) mice models were constructed; histology and immunohistochemistry analyses were conducted for both WT and Vdr-/- mice. The finding revealed a thicker predentin in Vdr-/- mice, characterized by higher expression of biglycan and decorin. A dental injury model was employed to observe tertiary dentin formation in Vdr-/- mice with dental injuries. Results showed that tertiary dentin was harder to form in Vdr-/- mice with dental injury. Over time, heightened pulp invasion was observed at the injury site in Vdr-/- mice. Expression of biglycan and decorin was reduced in the predentin at the injury site in the Vdr-/- mice by immunohistochemistry. Taken together, our results imply that Vdr plays a regulatory role in predentin mineralization and tertiary dentin formation during dentin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Yinlin Wu
- Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Guojin Zeng
- Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Qinglong Wang
- Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China.
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Chuang Huai Road, Bengbu, 233004, China.
| | - Meiqun Sun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China.
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Alcaide-Ruggiero L, Cugat R, Domínguez JM. Proteoglycans in Articular Cartilage and Their Contribution to Chondral Injury and Repair Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10824. [PMID: 37446002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteoglycans are vital components of the extracellular matrix in articular cartilage, providing biomechanical properties crucial for its proper functioning. They are key players in chondral diseases, specifically in the degradation of the extracellular matrix. Evaluating proteoglycan molecules can serve as a biomarker for joint degradation in osteoarthritis patients, as well as assessing the quality of repaired tissue following different treatment strategies for chondral injuries. Despite ongoing research, understanding osteoarthritis and cartilage repair remains unclear, making the identification of key molecules essential for early diagnosis and effective treatment. This review offers an overview of proteoglycans as primary molecules in articular cartilage. It describes the various types of proteoglycans present in both healthy and damaged cartilage, highlighting their roles. Additionally, the review emphasizes the importance of assessing proteoglycans to evaluate the quality of repaired articular tissue. It concludes by providing a visual and narrative description of aggrecan distribution and presence in healthy cartilage. Proteoglycans, such as aggrecan, biglycan, decorin, perlecan, and versican, significantly contribute to maintaining the health of articular cartilage and the cartilage repair process. Therefore, studying these proteoglycans is vital for early diagnosis, evaluating the quality of repaired cartilage, and assessing treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Alcaide-Ruggiero
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Fundación García-Cugat, Plaza Alfonso Comín 5-7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Cugat
- Fundación García-Cugat, Plaza Alfonso Comín 5-7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto Cugat y Mutualidad de Futbolistas Españoles, Delegación Catalana, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Domínguez
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Fundación García-Cugat, Plaza Alfonso Comín 5-7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
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Adepu S, Lord M, Hugoh Z, Nyström S, Mattsson-Hulten L, Abrahamsson-Aurell K, Lützelschwab C, Skiöldebrand E. Salivary Biglycan-neo-epitope-BGN262: a novel surrogate biomarker for equine osteoarthritic sub-chondral bone sclerosis and to monitor the effect of short-term training and surface arena. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2023; 5:100354. [PMID: 36968250 PMCID: PMC10033749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2023.100354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to delineate a novel soluble Biglycan Neo-epitope-BGN262 in saliva from young reference and osteoarthritic horses in conjunction with the influence of short-term training exercise, riding surface hardness, circadian rhythm, and feeding on its soluble levels. Design A custom-made inhibition ELISA was used for the quantification of BGN262 in saliva. Cohort 1: A cross-sectional study comprising reference (N = 19) and OA horses (N = 9) with radiographically classified subchondral bone sclerosis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the robustness of BGN262. Cohorts 2 (N = 5) & 3 (N = 7): Longitudinal studies of sampling during a short-term training exercise (sand-fibre) and a cross-over design of short-training exercise on 2 different riding arenas (sand and sand-fibre), respectively. Capillary western immunoassay was used to determine the BGN262 molecular size in a selection of saliva samples collected from cohort 1. Results Cohort 1: Salivary BGN262 levels were significantly higher in the OA group. The Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.8304 [0.6386 to 1.022], indicating a good separation from the reference group. Cohorts 2 & 3: Salivary BGN262 levels significantly changed during the exercise on sand and sand-fibre arena, with a trend towards higher levels for sand-fibre. The size of the BGN262 fragment determined by Capillary western assay was 18 kDa. Conclusions The data presented show saliva BGN262 levels as a novel biomarker in evaluating the influence of exercise, and interaction with riding arenas alongside assessing osteoarthritis severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Adepu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Corresponding author.
| | - M. Lord
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Z. Hugoh
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S. Nyström
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L. Mattsson-Hulten
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K. Abrahamsson-Aurell
- Hallands Djursjukhus Kungsbacka Hästklinik, Älvsåkers Byväg 20, 434 95 Kungsbacka, Sweden
| | - C. Lützelschwab
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E. Skiöldebrand
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Rapp AE, Zaucke F. Cartilage extracellular matrix-derived matrikines in osteoarthritis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C377-C394. [PMID: 36571440 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00464.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is among the most frequent diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Degradation of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) is a hallmark of OA. During the degradation process, intact/full-length proteins and proteolytic fragments are released which then might induce different downstream responses via diverse receptors, therefore leading to different biological consequences. Collagen type II and the proteoglycan aggrecan are the most abundant components of the cartilage ECM. However, over the last decades, a large number of minor components have been identified and for some of those, a role in the manifold processes associated with OA has already been demonstrated. To date, there is still no therapy able to halt or cure OA. A better understanding of the matrikine landscape occurring with or even preceding obvious degenerative changes in joint tissues is needed and might help to identify molecules that could serve as biomarkers, druggable targets, or even be blueprints for disease modifying drug OA drugs. For this narrative review, we screened PubMed for relevant literature in the English language and summarized the current knowledge regarding the function of selected ECM molecules and the derived matrikines in the context of cartilage and OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Rapp
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Department of Orthopedics (Friedrichsheim), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Department of Orthopedics (Friedrichsheim), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Wang C, Kahle ER, Li Q, Han L. Nanomechanics of Aggrecan: A New Perspective on Cartilage Biomechanics, Disease and Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1402:69-82. [PMID: 37052847 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-25588-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a hydrated macromolecular composite mainly composed of type II collagen fibrils and the large proteoglycan, aggrecan. Aggrecan is a key determinant of the load bearing and energy dissipation functions of cartilage. Previously, studies of cartilage biomechanics have been primarily focusing on the macroscopic, tissue-level properties, which failed to elucidate the molecular-level activities that govern cartilage development, function, and disease. This chapter provides a brief summary of Dr. Alan J. Grodzinsky's seminal contribution to the understanding of aggrecan molecular mechanics at the nanoscopic level. By developing and applying a series of atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanomechanical tools, Grodzinsky and colleagues revealed the unique structural and mechanical characteristics of aggrecan at unprecedented resolutions. In this body of work, the "bottle-brush"-like ultrastructure of aggrecan was directly visualized for the first time. Meanwhile, molecular mechanics of aggrecan was studied using a physiological-like 2D biomimetic assembly of aggrecan on multiple fronts, including compression, dynamic loading, shear, and adhesion. These studies not only generated new insights into the development, aging, and disease of cartilage, but established a foundation for designing and evaluating novel cartilage regeneration strategies. For example, building on the scientific foundation and methodology infrastructure established by Dr. Grodzinsky, recent studies have elucidated the roles of other proteoglycans in mediating cartilage integrity, such as decorin and perlecan, and evaluated the therapeutic potential of biomimetic proteoglycans in improving cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Kahle
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qing Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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6
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Kyriakopoulou K, Piperigkou Z, Tzaferi K, Karamanos NK. Trends in extracellular matrix biology. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:853-863. [PMID: 36342580 PMCID: PMC9884264 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07931-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrixes (ECMs) are intricate 3-dimensional macromolecular networks of unique architectures with regulatory roles in cell morphology and functionality. As a dynamic native biomaterial, ECM undergoes constant but tightly controlled remodeling that is crucial for the maintenance of normal cellular behavior. Under pathological conditions like cancer, ECM remodeling ceases to be subjected to control resulting in disease initiation and progression. ECM is comprised of a staggering number of molecules that interact not only with one another, but also with neighboring cells via cell surface receptors. Such interactions, too many to tally, are of paramount importance for the identification of novel disease biomarkers and more personalized therapeutic intervention. Recent advances in big data analytics have allowed the development of online databases where researchers can take advantage of a stochastic evaluation of all the possible interactions and narrow them down to only those of interest for their study, respectively. This novel approach addresses the limitations that currently exist in studies, expands our understanding on ECM interactions, and has the potential to advance the development of targeted therapies. In this article we present the current trends in ECM biology research and highlight its importance in tissue integrity, the main interaction networks, ECM-mediated cell functional properties and issues related to pharmacological targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Kyriakopoulou
- Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 265 04, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 265 04, Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), 261 10, Patras, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Tzaferi
- Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 265 04, Patras, Greece
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 265 04, Patras, Greece.
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), 261 10, Patras, Greece.
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7
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Fan R, Yan X, Zhang W. Relationship between asporin and extracellular matrix behavior: A literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32490. [PMID: 36595867 PMCID: PMC9794316 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Asporin (ASPN), as a member of the small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycan family, is a type of protein that is found in the extracellular matrix. Collagen deposition or transformation is involved in a variety of pathological processes. ASPN is identified in cancerous tissue, pathological cardiac tissue, articular cartilage, keloid, and fibrotic lung tissue, and it has a role in the development of cancer, cardiovascular, bone and joint, keloid, and pulmonary fibrosis by interfering with collagen metabolism. This review article summarizes the data on ASPN expressions in mouse and human and highlights that overexpress of ASPN might play a role in a variety of diseases. Although our knowledge of ASPN is currently limited, these instances may help us better understand how it interacts with diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Fan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
- * Correspondence: Wei Zhang, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Shandong 250014, China (e-mail: )
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8
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Kahle ER, Patel N, Sreenivasappa HB, Marcolongo MS, Han L. Targeting cell-matrix interface mechanobiology by integrating AFM with fluorescence microscopy. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 176:67-81. [PMID: 36055517 PMCID: PMC9691605 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mechanosensing at the interface of a cell and its surrounding microenvironment is an essential driving force of physiological processes. Understanding molecular activities at the cell-matrix interface has the potential to provide novel targets for improving tissue regeneration and early disease intervention. In the past few decades, the advancement of atomic force microscopy (AFM) has offered a unique platform for probing mechanobiology at this crucial microdomain. In this review, we describe key advances under this topic through the use of an integrated system of AFM (as a biomechanical testing tool) with complementary immunofluorescence (IF) imaging (as an in situ navigation system). We first describe the body of work investigating the micromechanics of the pericellular matrix (PCM), the immediate cell micro-niche, in healthy, diseased, and genetically modified tissues, with a focus on articular cartilage. We then summarize the key findings in understanding cellular biomechanics and mechanotransduction, in which, molecular mechanisms governing transmembrane ion channel-mediated mechanosensing, cytoskeleton remodeling, and nucleus remodeling have been studied in various cell and tissue types. Lastly, we provide an overview of major technical advances that have enabled more in-depth studies of mechanobiology, including the integration of AFM with a side-view microscope, multiple optomicroscopy, a fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) module, and a tensile stretching device. The innovations described here have contributed greatly to advancing the fundamental knowledge of extracellular matrix biomechanics and cell mechanobiology for improved understanding, detection, and intervention of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Kahle
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Neil Patel
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Harini B Sreenivasappa
- Cell Imaging Center, Office of Research and Innovation, Drexel University, PA 19104, United States
| | - Michele S Marcolongo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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9
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Fan M, Wang C, Kwok B, Kahle ER, He L, Lucas Lu X, Mauck RL, Han L. Impacts of aging on murine cartilage biomechanics and chondrocyte in situ calcium signaling. J Biomech 2022; 144:111336. [PMID: 36240656 PMCID: PMC9641638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging is the most prominent risk factor for osteoarthritis onset, but the etiology of aging-associated cartilage degeneration is not fully understood. Recent studies by Guilak and colleagues have highlighted the crucial roles of cell-matrix interactions in cartilage homeostasis and disease. This study thus quantified aging-associated changes in cartilage biomechanics and chondrocyte intracellular calcium signaling, [Ca2+]i, activities in wild-type mice at 3, 12 and 22 months of age. In aged mice, articular cartilage exhibits reduced staining of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAGs), indicating decreased aggrecan content. On cartilage surface, collagen fibrils undergo significant thickening while retaining their transverse isotropic architecture, and exhibit signs of fibril crimping in the 22-month group. These compositional and structural changes contribute to a significant decrease in cartilage modulus at 22 months of age (0.55 ± 0.25 MPa, mean ± 95 % CI, n = 8) relative to those at 3 and 12 months (1.82 ± 0.48 MPa and 1.45 ± 0.46 MPa, respectively, n ≥ 8). Despite the decreases in sGAG content and tissue modulus, chondrocytes do not exhibit significantly demoted [Ca2+]i activities in situ, in both physiological (isotonic) and osmotically instigated (hypo- and hypertonic) conditions. At 12 months of age, there exists a sub-population of chondrocytes with hyper-active [Ca2+]i responses under hypotonic stimuli, possibly indicating a phenotypic shift of chondrocytes during aging. Together, these results yield new insights into aging-associated biomechanical and mechanobiological changes of murine cartilage, providing a benchmark for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of age-related changes in cell-matrix interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Fan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Bryan Kwok
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Elizabeth R Kahle
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Lan He
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - X Lucas Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Robert L Mauck
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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Biglycan neo-epitope (BGN 262), a novel biomarker for screening early changes in equine osteoarthritic subchondral bone. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:1328-1336. [PMID: 35870736 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Native biglycan (BGN), which can undergo proteolytic cleavage in pathological conditions, is well known to be involved in bone formation and mineralization. This study aimed to delineate the specific cleavage fragment, a neo-epitope for BGN (BGN262), in synovial fluid (SF) from young racehorses in training, osteoarthritic (OA) joints with subchondral bone sclerosis (SCBS), and chip fracture joints. DESIGN A custom-made inhibition ELISA was developed to quantify BGN262 in SF. Cohort 1: A longitudinal study comprising 10 racehorses undergoing long-term training. Cohort 2: A cross-sectional study comprising joints from horses (N = 69) with different stages of OA and radiographically classified SCBS. Cohort 3: A cross-sectional study comprising horses (N = 9) with chip fractures. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed (healthy joints vs chip joints) to evaluate BGN262 robustness. RESULTS Cohort 1: SF BGN262 levels from racehorses showed a statistical increase during the first 6 months of the training period. Cohort 2: BGN262 levels were significantly higher in the SF from severe SCBS joints. Cohort 3: SF BGN262 levels in chip fracture joints showed a significant increase compared to normal joints. The ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.957 (95% C.I 0.868-1.046), indicating good separation between the groups. CONCLUSIONS The data presented show that BGN262 levels increase in SF in correlation with the initiation of training, severity of SCBS, and presence of chip fractures. This suggests that BGN262 is a potential predictor and a novel biomarker for early changes in subchondral bone (SCB), aiming to prevent catastrophic injuries in racehorses.
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BMSCs-derived Mitochondria Improve Osteoarthritis by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Promoting Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Chondrocytes. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:3092-3111. [PMID: 35943688 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10436-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomes and microvesicles can effectively improve knee osteoarthritis. We found that microvesicles performed a superior effect on improving mitochondrial function in chondrocytes than exosomes, which may be related to the ability of microvesicles carrying active mitochondria to replace damaged ones in chondrocytes. This study investigated the therapeutic effect of direct mitochondrial transplantation (MT) on knee osteoarthritis. IL-1β stimulated the osteoarthritis phenotype of rat chondrocytes, and the effect of BMSCs-derived mitochondria transplantation was observed in vitro. Knee osteoarthritis rat model was established by collagenase induction to observe the effect of intra-articular injection of mitochondria. Results showed that the mitochondria of BMSCs could be ingested by rat chondrocytes via co-incubation in vitro, and significantly improved osteoarthritis phenotype and mitochondrial function, and inhibited chondrocytes apoptosis. In vivo, BMSCs-derived mitochondria could be ingested by cartilage via intra-articular injection, ameliorated pathological cartilage injury, suppressed inflammation, inhibited chondrocytes apoptosis, and improved osteoarthritis phenotype. In addition, MT promoted mitochondrial biogenesis in chondrocytes by activating PGC-1α signaling. All above results suggest that BMSCs-derived mitochondria transplantation ameliorates knee osteoarthritis by improving chondrocytes mitochondrial dysfunction and promoting mitochondrial biogenesis.
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12
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Shi H, Li B, Gao H, He H, Wu Z, Magdaloud J, Wang H, Chen L. Intrauterine programming of cartilaginous 11β-HSD2 induced by corticosterone and caffeine mediated susceptibility to adult osteoarthritis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113624. [PMID: 35588619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study reported that prenatal caffeine exposure (PCE) could induce chondrodysplasia and increase the susceptibility to osteoarthritis in offspring rats. However, the potential mechanisms and initiating factors remain unknown. This study aims to investigate whether 11β-HSD2, a glucocorticoid-metabolizing enzyme, is involved in the susceptibility of osteoarthritis induced by PCE and to further explore its potential mechanisms and initiating factors. Firstly, we found that PCE reduced cartilage matrix synthesis (aggrecan/Col2a1 expression) in male adult offspring rats and exhibited an osteoarthritis phenotype following chronic stress, which was associated with persistently reduced H3K9ac and H3K27ac levels at the promoter of 11β-HSD2 as well as its expression in the cartilage from fetus to adulthood. The expression of 11β-HSD2, aggrecan and Col2a1 were all decreased by corticosterone in the fetal chondrocytes, while overexpression of 11β-HSD2 could partially alleviate the decrease of matrix synthesis induced by corticosterone in vitro. Furthermore, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activated by glucocorticoids directly bonded to the promoter region of 11β-HSD2 to inhibit its expression. Meanwhile, the activated GR reduced the H3K9ac and H3K27ac levels of 11β-HSD2 by recruiting HDAC4 and promoting GR-HDAC4 protein interaction to inhibit the 11β-HSD2 expression. Moreover, caffeine could reduce the expression of 11β-HSD2 by inhibiting the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway but without reducing the H3K9ac and H3K27ac levels of 11β-HSD2, thereby synergistically enhancing the corticosterone effect. In conclusion, the persistently reduced H3K9ac and H3K27ac levels of 11β-HSD2 from fetus to adulthood mediated the inhibition of cartilage matrix synthesis and the increased susceptibility to osteoarthritis. This epigenetic programming change in utero was induced by glucocorticoids with synergistic effect of caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huasong Shi
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Bin Li
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hangyuan He
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhixin Wu
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Liaobin Chen
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China.
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13
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Patchouli Alcohol Inhibits D-Gal Induced Oxidative Stress and Ameliorates the Quality of Aging Cartilage via Activating the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6821170. [PMID: 35720186 PMCID: PMC9200550 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6821170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chondrocytes play an essential role in maintaining the structure and function of articular cartilage. Oxidative stress occurred in chondrocytes accelerates cell senescence and death, which contributes to the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Patchouli alcohol (PA), a kind of sesquiterpene in Pogostemon cablin, processes multiple bioactivities in treatment of many diseases. However, its effects of antisenescence and antioxidation on chondrocytes in a D-gal-induced aging mice model are still obscure. In this study, we found that PA treatment could ameliorate the degradation of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) in a D-gal-induced aging mice model. Further analyses through the immunofluorescent staining and western blot revealed that PA inhibited D-gal-induced chondrocyte senescence via the activation of antioxidative system. Besides, the damage caused by D-gal could not be recovered with PA treatment in Nrf2-silencing chondrocytes. In addition, molecular docking analysis between PA and Keap1 further suggested that the mechanism of PA's antisenescence and antioxidation was attributed to the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Therefore, our results demonstrated that PA was a promising candidate for preventing the quality loss of aging cartilage through inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated senescence in chondrocytes.
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14
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von Mentzer U, Corciulo C, Stubelius A. Biomaterial Integration in the Joint: Pathological Considerations, Immunomodulation, and the Extracellular Matrix. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200037. [PMID: 35420256 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Defects of articular joints are becoming an increasing societal burden due to a persistent increase in obesity and aging. For some patients suffering from cartilage erosion, joint replacement is the final option to regain proper motion and limit pain. Extensive research has been undertaken to identify novel strategies enabling earlier intervention to promote regeneration and cartilage healing. With the introduction of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), researchers have tapped into the potential for increased tissue regeneration by designing biomaterials with inherent biochemical and immunomodulatory signals. Compared to conventional and synthetic materials, dECM-based materials invoke a reduced foreign body response. It is therefore highly beneficial to understand the interplay of how these native tissue-based materials initiate a favorable remodeling process by the immune system. Yet, such an understanding also demands increasing considerations of the pathological environment and remodeling processes, especially for materials designed for early disease intervention. This knowledge would avoid rejection and help predict complications in conditions with inflammatory components such as arthritides. This review outlines general issues facing biomaterial integration and emphasizes the importance of tissue-derived macromolecular components in regulating essential homeostatic, immunological, and pathological processes to increase biomaterial integration for patients suffering from joint degenerative diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ula von Mentzer
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, Gothenburg, 41296, Sweden
| | - Carmen Corciulo
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Guldhedsgatan 10A, Gothenburg, 41296, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Stubelius
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, Gothenburg, 41296, Sweden
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15
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Lee N, Shi L, Colon Caraballo M, Nallasamy S, Mahendroo M, Myers K. Mechanical Response of Mouse Cervices Lacking Decorin and Biglycan During Pregnancy. J Biomech Eng 2022; 144:1139857. [PMID: 35348624 DOI: 10.1115/1.4054199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cervical remodeling is critical for a healthy pregnancy. The proper regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover leads to remodeling throughout gestation, transforming the tissue from a stiff material to a compliant, extensible, viscoelastic tissue prepared for delivery. Small leucine rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are known to regulate structural fiber assembly in the cervical ECM and overall tissue material properties. To quantify the SLRPs' mechanical role in the cervix, whole cervix specimens from non-pregnant and late pregnant knockout mice of SLRPs, decorin and biglycan, were subjected to cyclic load-unload, ramp-hold, and load-to-failure mechanical tests. Further, a fiber composite material model, accounting for collagen fiber bundle waviness, was developed to describe the three-dimensional large deformation equilibrium behavior of the cervix. In nonpregnant tissue, SLRP KO cervices have the same equilibrium material properties as wild-type tissue. In contrast, the load-to-failure and ramp-hold tests reveal SLRPs impact rupture and time-dependent relaxation behavior. Loss of decorin in NP cervices results in inferior rupture properties. While remodeling recovers cervical strength, the SLRP-deficient tissue has diminished ability to dissipate stress during a ramp-hold. In mice with a combined loss of decorin and biglycan, the pregnant cervix loses its extensibility, compliance, and viscoelasticity. Taken together, these results suggest decorin and biglycan are necessary for key compliance and viscoelastic material property features of a healthy remodeled pregnant cervix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Mariano Colon Caraballo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biological Science, The University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Shanmugasundaram Nallasamy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biological Science, The University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Mala Mahendroo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biological Science, The University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Kristin Myers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
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16
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Xu C, Zhai Z, Ying H, Lu L, Zhang J, Zeng Y. Curcumin primed ADMSCs derived small extracellular vesicle exert enhanced protective effects on osteoarthritis by inhibiting oxidative stress and chondrocyte apoptosis. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:123. [PMID: 35264207 PMCID: PMC8905866 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01339-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease caused by progressive articular cartilage degeneration and destruction. Currently, there are no disease-modifying agents officially approved for OA patients. In this study, curcumin was loaded into adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs)-derived small extracellular vesicle (ADMSCs-sEV) to synergistically exert chondro-protective effects in vitro and in vivo. We found curcumin primed ADMSCs derived sEV (sEV-CUR) exhibited an enhanced protective effect compared with free curcumin and ADMSCs-sEV in TBHP-induced chondrocytes. Moreover, our study demonstrated sEV-CUR more effectively down-regulated TBHP-induced oxidative stress and chondrocyte apoptosis in vitro. In OA mice model, our results indicated that sEV-CUR showed an improved cartilage protection, as biweekly intra-articular injection of sEV-CUR more efficaciously alleviated oxidative stress and chondrocyte apoptosis in OA cartilage. Overall, our findings showed sEV-CUR exhibited enhanced chondro-protective effects and holds great potential on the recovery of articular cartilage loss and destruction in OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zanjing Zhai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hua Ying
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Yiming Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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17
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Mechanical Cues: Bidirectional Reciprocity in the Extracellular Matrix Drives Mechano-Signalling in Articular Cartilage. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413595. [PMID: 34948394 PMCID: PMC8707858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition and organisation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly the pericellular matrix (PCM), in articular cartilage is critical to its biomechanical functionality; the presence of proteoglycans such as aggrecan, entrapped within a type II collagen fibrillar network, confers mechanical resilience underweight-bearing. Furthermore, components of the PCM including type VI collagen, perlecan, small leucine-rich proteoglycans—decorin and biglycan—and fibronectin facilitate the transduction of both biomechanical and biochemical signals to the residing chondrocytes, thereby regulating the process of mechanotransduction in cartilage. In this review, we summarise the literature reporting on the bidirectional reciprocity of the ECM in chondrocyte mechano-signalling and articular cartilage homeostasis. Specifically, we discuss studies that have characterised the response of articular cartilage to mechanical perturbations in the local tissue environment and how the magnitude or type of loading applied elicits cellular behaviours to effect change. In vivo, including transgenic approaches, and in vitro studies have illustrated how physiological loading maintains a homeostatic balance of anabolic and catabolic activities, involving the direct engagement of many PCM molecules in orchestrating this slow but consistent turnover of the cartilage matrix. Furthermore, we document studies characterising how abnormal, non-physiological loading including excessive loading or joint trauma negatively impacts matrix molecule biosynthesis and/or organisation, affecting PCM mechanical properties and reducing the tissue’s ability to withstand load. We present compelling evidence showing that reciprocal engagement of the cells with this altered ECM environment can thus impact tissue homeostasis and, if sustained, can result in cartilage degradation and onset of osteoarthritis pathology. Enhanced dysregulation of PCM/ECM turnover is partially driven by mechanically mediated proteolytic degradation of cartilage ECM components. This generates bioactive breakdown fragments such as fibronectin, biglycan and lumican fragments, which can subsequently activate or inhibit additional signalling pathways including those involved in inflammation. Finally, we discuss how bidirectionality within the ECM is critically important in enabling the chondrocytes to synthesise and release PCM/ECM molecules, growth factors, pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteolytic enzymes, under a specified load, to influence PCM/ECM composition and mechanical properties in cartilage health and disease.
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18
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Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates the inflammation of osteoarthritis by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway in vitro and in vivo. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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19
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Saklatvala J. Does decorin stabilize the extracellular matrix of articular cartilage and slow the progression of osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:1094-1095. [PMID: 33932566 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Saklatvala
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK.
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20
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Chandrasekaran P, Kwok B, Han B, Adams SM, Wang C, Chery DR, Mauck RL, Dyment NA, Lu XL, Frank DB, Koyama E, Birk DE, Han L. Type V Collagen Regulates the Structure and Biomechanics of TMJ Condylar Cartilage: A Fibrous-Hyaline Hybrid. Matrix Biol 2021; 102:1-19. [PMID: 34314838 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study queried the role of type V collagen in the post-natal growth of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condylar cartilage, a hybrid tissue with a fibrocartilage layer covering a secondary hyaline cartilage layer. Integrating outcomes from histology, immunofluorescence imaging, electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy-based nanomechanical tests, we elucidated the impact of type V collagen reduction on TMJ condylar cartilage growth in the type V collagen haploinsufficiency and inducible knockout mice. Reduction of type V collagen led to significantly thickened collagen fibrils, decreased tissue modulus, reduced cell density and aberrant cell clustering in both the fibrous and hyaline layers. Post-natal growth of condylar cartilage involves the chondrogenesis of progenitor cells residing in the fibrous layer, which gives rise to the secondary hyaline layer. Loss of type V collagen resulted in reduced proliferation of these cells, suggesting a possible role of type V collagen in mediating the progenitor cell niche. When the knockout of type V collagen was induced in post-weaning mice after the start of physiologic TMJ loading, the hyaline layer exhibited pronounced thinning, supporting an interplay between type V collagen and occlusal loading in condylar cartilage growth. The phenotype in hyaline layer can thus be attributed to the impact of type V collagen on the mechanically regulated progenitor cell activities. In contrast, knee cartilage does not contain the progenitor cell population at post-natal stages, and develops normal structure and biomechanical properties with the loss of type V collagen. Therefore, in the TMJ, in addition to its established role in regulating the assembly of collagen I fibrils, type V collagen also impacts the mechanoregulation of progenitor cell activities in the fibrous layer. We expect such knowledge to establish a foundation for understanding condylar cartilage matrix development and regeneration, and to yield new insights into the TMJ symptoms in patients with classic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, a genetic disease due to autosomal mutation of type V collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Chandrasekaran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Bryan Kwok
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Biao Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Sheila M Adams
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani School of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Daphney R Chery
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Robert L Mauck
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Nathaniel A Dyment
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - X Lucas Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - David B Frank
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Eiki Koyama
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - David E Birk
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani School of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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