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Çağırır Dindaroğlu F, Özay Güngör N. Comparison of the vitality test with sensitivity tests in mature and immature teeth: clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:613. [PMID: 38802767 PMCID: PMC11131178 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04317-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most important steps in deciding on the treatment of a tooth is to determine the vitality and health status of the pulp. Since immature teeth innervation is not completed, the response to sensitivity tests may not yield definite results. Pulse oximetry (PO) which is considered as a vitality test, measures the arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2). This study aims to compare PO, electric pulp test (EPT) and cold test in mature and immature permanent teeth. METHODS 20 immature and 20 mature permanent incisors of 6-12-year-old ASA1 children who did not use any analgesics, were included in the study. Pulp vitality of the teeth was determined by EPT, cold test and PO. An infant probe of PO device (CMS60D, Contec Medical Systems Co. Ltd, China) was used to determine the SpO2 of the teeth. The SpO2 level is controlled on the patient's finger by a children's probe and an infant probe of PO. Shapiro-Wilk, Spearman rank correlation test and Kruskal-Wallis test/Dunn post-hoc analysis were used for statistical comparisons. RESULTS There was no significant correlation between finger SpO2 and the mature/immature teeth SpO2 (r=-0.026, r = 0.253). Arterial oxygen saturation values in the immature teeth were significantly higher than in the mature teeth (p = 0.002). There was a high correlation between the vitality response of the EPT, cold test and PO. CONCLUSIONS Pulse oximetry can be used as an effective vitality test compared to sensitivity tests in both immature and mature permanent incisors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Çağırır Dindaroğlu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Narin Özay Güngör
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey
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Yang J, Liu Z, Chen Z, Yang G, Yuan G. Application of Oxygen Saturation Test after Replantation of Avulsed Immature Permanent Teeth: A Prospective Observational Study. J Endod 2024:S0099-2399(24)00229-2. [PMID: 38604473 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The evaluation of pulp status is crucial for avulsed immature permanent teeth after replantation. In addition to commonly used clinical and radiographic examinations providing clinical evidence, the oxygen saturation test may offer valuable assistance. The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy of a pulse oximeter in evaluating pulp status in avulsed and replanted immature permanent teeth. METHODS A prospective observational study was performed including 51 avulsed and replanted immature permanent teeth. Routine clinical and radiographic examinations were performed and used as the basis for the diagnosis of pulp status during the 1-year follow-up period. Meanwhile, the oxygen saturation values of these teeth were recorded using a modified pulse oximeter at each visit. RESULTS Seven teeth completed pulp revascularization (success group), whereas 44 teeth failed to revascularize (failure group). Abnormal clinical and/or radiographic manifestations in the failure group were observed at an average period of 42.7 days, which was too late because a high incidence of inflammatory root resorption (43.18%) had occurred. For oxygen saturation tests, teeth in the success group showed an immediate postreplantation oxygen value of 70.71 ± 3.35, then an upward trend starting from the 2-week postreplantation visit, and a significantly increased final value of 81.86 ± 2.34 at the 1-year visit. In contrast, no increase trend was found for teeth in the failure group because abnormal clinical and/or radiographic manifestations emerged. CONCLUSIONS The oxygen saturation test is a reliable diagnostic method to evaluate pulp status of avulsed teeth as early as 2 weeks after replantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guobin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; General and Emergency Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Kasper RH, Coelho MR, Miguens-Jr SAQ, Grazziotin-Soares R, Barletta FB. Pulse oximetry as a dental pulp test: A scoping review to identify barriers hindering the use of oximeters in clinical practice. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:262-269. [PMID: 38419999 PMCID: PMC10897589 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Although medical pulse oximeters are considered effective for endodontic diagnoses, the method remains uncommon in current dental practice. The aim of the present scoping review was to investigate clinical factors that exert a negative impact on the use of pulse oximeters in dental practice. Methods This study followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines and the protocol was prospectively registered in the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3GQCE). A comprehensive search of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was performed in December 2022 for articles published in English or Spanish. All types of clinical studies were included, except comments, letters to the editor, and abstracts. Two independent investigators analyzed 45 full-text articles. Data extraction included general characteristics, oxygen saturation levels, and limiting factors/barriers to the use of oximeters as pulp testers. Results The search of the databases yielded 1,300 records and 38 were included (quantitative data extraction was performed for 35 and three articles were systematic reviews). Publications were highest in number between 2016 and 2017, with an evident reduction occurring after 2021. The oxygen saturation level for sound/vital maxillary anterior teeth was 84.99% (overall mean). The main limiting factors/barriers were i) the difficulty in maintaining the two light-emitting diodes parallel during pulp tests, ii) infrared light diffraction by enamel/dentin/gingiva, and iii) the diversity of patient ages in studies. Conclusion This scoping review encountered noteworthy findings associated with the impracticability of using medical pulse oximeters as dental pulp testers. The recent decrease in the frequency of published studies compared to approximately seven years ago may imply a negative trend in the use of the method.
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Kanumuru KR, Solomon N, Ramkumar H, Paulindraraj S, Jayakaran TG, Dakshinamoorthy S. Assessment of Pulpal Oxygen Saturation in Caries-free and Carious Maxillary Primary Central Incisors Using a Customized Dental Pulse Oximeter. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:560-564. [PMID: 37731798 PMCID: PMC10507304 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pulpal status is best determined by assessing the pulp vitality, which proves to be important yet sceptical with the use of conventional thermal and electrical testing methods. The use of pulse oximetry helps to arrive at a definitive diagnosis by detecting the pulpal oxygen saturation. Aim To assess and compare the pulpal oxygen saturation in caries-free and carious maxillary primary central incisors using a customized dental pulse oximeter sensor probe. Materials and methods A total of 225 maxillary primary central incisors were selected from children aged 3-6 years. Teeth were categorized into group I-caries-free teeth, group II-deep caries lesion, and group III-pulpectomized teeth (n =75 in each group). Pulpal oxygen levels were assessed using a three-dimensionally (3D) designed custom-made probe, and the readings were tabulated. The values were subjected to statistical analysis using paired t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey's HSD post hoc test. Results The mean oxygen saturation levels of teeth in group I (92.03%) were statistically significantly high compared to group II (64.36%), that was statistically significant. Readings noted from group III, which was kept as control, was 0%. Conclusion The obtained results showed that the caries-free group exhibited higher saturation compared to the carious group. 3D designed customized pulse oximeter can be used as an adjunct to assess the pulp vitality in primary teeth. How to cite this article Kanumuru KR, Solomon N, Ramkumar H, et al. Assessment of Pulpal Oxygen Saturation in Caries-free and Carious Maxillary Primary Central Incisors using a Customized Dental Pulse Oximeter. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(4):560-564.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranthi Reddy Kanumuru
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KGR Multi Specialty Dental Hospital & Trauma Centre, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Nancy Solomon
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hemalatha Ramkumar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shankar Paulindraraj
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Senthil Dakshinamoorthy
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Ayoubi HR, Alzoubi H. Evaluation of the Effect of Antihypertensive Drugs on the Values of Dental Pulp Oxygen Saturation in Hypertension Patients: A Case-Control Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e33245. [PMID: 36741671 PMCID: PMC9890402 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to know about the positive or negative effect of antihypertensive drugs of different groups on the values of dental pulp oxygen saturation in hypertension patients. Materials and Methods A case-control study to evaluate the impact of the antihypertensive drugs on the values of dental pulp oxygen saturation in hypertension patients. The studied sample consisted of 40 participants, and they were distributed into two groups: Group I (n=20): Hypertension patients treated with antihypertensive drugs, and Group II (n=20): Healthy participants. A finger pulse oximeter was recorded after a rest period of 15 minutes by BCI® Advisor® vital signs monitor. The patient was then asked to use a chlorhexidine digluconate mouth rinse for five minutes, and the two dental pulp pulse oximeters for the central upper incisors were also recorded for all participants. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results The results showed that there was no significant difference between the finger pulse oximeters of the two studied groups (P-value = 0.421). The two dental pulp oxygen saturation was higher than the control group with statistically significant (P-value = 0.043, P-value = 0.002). Conclusions Within the limitation of this study, it can be concluded that antihypertensive drugs increase the dental pulp oxygen saturation in patients with hypertension who are treated with antihypertensive drugs, and thus there is a positive effect of these drugs in stimulating the dental pulp.
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Henriques DHN, Alves AMH, Kuntze MM, Garcia LDFR, Bortoluzzi EA, Teixeira CDS. Effect of dental tissue thickness on the measurement of oxygen saturation by two different pulse oximeters. Braz Dent J 2022; 33:26-34. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202204903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different dental tissue thickness on the measurement of oxygen saturation (SpO2) levels in high (HP) and low (LP) blood perfusion by comparing the values obtained from two different pulse oximeters (POs) - BCI and Sense 10. Thirty freshly extracted human teeth had their crowns interposed between the POs and an optical simulator, which emulated the SpO2 and heart beats per minute (bpm) at HP (100% SpO2/75 bpm) and LP (86% SpO2/75 bpm) modes. Afterwards, the palatine/lingual surfaces of the dental crowns were worn with diamond drills. The reading of SpO2 was performed again using the POs alternately through the buccal surface of each dental crown. Data were analyzed by the Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and Kendall Tau-b tests (α=5%). The results showed significant difference at the HP and LP modes in the SpO2 readouts through the different dental thicknesses with the use of BCI, and at the LP mode with the use of Sense 10, which had a significant linear correlation (p<0.0001) and lower SpO2 readout values in relation to the increase of the dental thickness. Irrespective of tooth thickness, Sense 10 had significantly higher readout values (p<0.0001) than BCI at both perfusion modes. The interposition of different thicknesses of enamel and dentin influenced the POs measurement of SpO2, specially at the low perfusion mode. The POs were more accurate in SpO2 measurement when simulated perfusion levels were higher.
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Radwanski M, Caporossi C, Lukomska-Szymanska M, Luzi A, Sauro S. Complicated Crown Fracture of Permanent Incisors: A Conservative Treatment Case Report and a Narrative Review. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9090481. [PMID: 36135027 PMCID: PMC9495796 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Dental trauma may have a severe impact on the social and psychological wellbeing of a patient. Most cases of dental injuries involve anterior teeth, especially the maxillary upper incisors. Crown fractures, with or without pulp exposure, are the most common trauma in permanent dentition. There are many methods of management, in which the initial state of the pulp, the time since the injury, and the presence of an accompanying injury play a key role. This case report aimed at showing a possible conservative treatment after complicated tooth fracture that consisted of partial pulpotomy followed by adhesive reattachment of the tooth fragment using a technique based on heated resin composite. Such a specific procedure represents a conservative approach to traumatic coronal lesions, providing a suitable opportunity to maintain the tooth vitality, aesthetics, and function. Indeed, reattachment of tooth fragment using a composite/adhesive is a simple technique to achieve excellent results in terms of aesthetic and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Radwanski
- Department of Endodontics Chair, Conservative Dentistry, Endodontics Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.L.-S.); (S.S.); Tel.: +48-426-757461 (M.L.-S.)
| | - Arlinda Luzi
- Group of Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Cardenal Herrera-CEU Universities, C/Santiago Ramón y Cajal, s/n., Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Group of Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Cardenal Herrera-CEU Universities, C/Santiago Ramón y Cajal, s/n., Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (M.L.-S.); (S.S.); Tel.: +48-426-757461 (M.L.-S.)
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Igna A, Mircioagă D, Boariu M, Stratul ȘI. A Diagnostic Insight of Dental Pulp Testing Methods in Pediatric Dentistry. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58050665. [PMID: 35630082 PMCID: PMC9145630 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58050665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate diagnosis of pulpal pathology in pediatric dentistry is essential for the success of vital pulp therapy. Pulp testing is often a challenging task due to understanding and cooperation issues of pediatric patients, as well as the particularities of pulpal physiology encountered in primary and immature permanent teeth. Sensibility tests, although still widely used by dental practitioners, are no longer recommended by pediatric specialists mainly due to their subjective nature. Vitality pulp tests have gained popularity in the last decade in light of some encouraging results of clinical studies. However, their use is not a routine practice yet. This paper is a literature review aimed to guide dental practitioners towards selecting the appropriate pulp testing method for their pediatric cases. It provides an overview on a multitude of pulp testing methods and an update in recommendations for primary and immature permanent teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Igna
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.I.); (M.B.)
| | - Doina Mircioagă
- Department of Physical Education, University Sport Research Center for Evaluation of Fitness Level—CUSENF, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Marius Boariu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, TADERP Research Center, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.I.); (M.B.)
| | - Ștefan-Ioan Stratul
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
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Evaluation of the Pulp Oxygen Saturation Reading after Tooth Bleaching: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:1598145. [PMID: 35531572 PMCID: PMC9072050 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1598145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate the influence of in-office dental bleaching on the pulp oxygen saturation (SpO2p) reading. Material and Methods. SpO2p was measured using a pulse oximeter in 112 upper and lower anterior teeth (canines and incisors) of patients submitted to bleaching. Whitegold Office 35% (WGO) (upper and lower left hemiarch) and Whiteness HP Auto Mixx 35% (WHP) (upper and lower right hemiarch) bleaching agents were used. SpO2 measurements (teeth and index finger) were taken before and after each of the three application sessions of the agents. In the 4th session, in which no bleaching gel was used, only SpO2 was measured. Before and after the bleaching sessions, a colorimetric device performed the teeth color reading. The waiting time between sessions was 7 days. Data were analyzed by the Friedman, Kruskal–Wallis, and Mann–Whitney U tests (α = 0.05). Color change (ΔE) data were correlated (Spearman's Rho test) with the SpO2p levels. Results Neither of the two bleaching agents showed significant differences between the readings when evaluated individually (WGO, P=0.780, and WHP, P=0.494). When taken together, the results showed significant difference between the readings performed, with higher median values after bleaching sessions: before (97.3) and after (98.6) 1st session; before (98.3) and after (98.3) 2nd session; before (98.3) and after (99.0) 3rd session; and after 1 week (98.3). The dental groups formed by maxillary lateral incisors (P=0.012) and mandibular incisors (P < 0.001) showed a significant difference. Spearman's Rho test showed a nonsignificant and weak correlation between ΔE and SpO2p in most comparisons. Conclusions The in-office dental bleaching influenced the SpO2p reading, regardless of the dental group evaluated or the bleaching agent used. Clinical Relevance. This study provides information about the influence of in-office tooth whitening on the pulp SpO2p levels. The observation of pulp vitality during and after the use of bleaching agents is important for the follow-up of patients undergoing tooth whitening. The use of a pulse oximeter may be a viable and painless alternative to perform this monitoring. The clinical trial was registered with the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC; registration number: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/RBR-68xbth).
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Proulx C, Dumais Y, Beauchamp G, Steagall P. Reliability of Electric Pulp Test, Cold Pulp Test or Tooth Transillumination to Assess Pulpal Health in Permanent Dog Teeth. J Vet Dent 2022; 39:133-141. [PMID: 35257623 PMCID: PMC9109579 DOI: 10.1177/08987564221076363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of electric pulp test (EPT), cold pulp test (CPT) and tooth transillumination (TTI) in the assessment of pulpal health in dog teeth. Forty-five client-owned dogs requiring tooth extraction or pulpectomy were included. For each patient, one affected and two control healthy teeth were evaluated with EPT, followed by CPT and TTI. Direct pulp inspection was used as a gold standard. The real pulpal health (vital or necrotic) was determined by the presence or absence of bleeding after creating access to the pulp chamber. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of EPT, CPT and TTI were obtained for each pulp test using the binomial Clopper-Pearson exact method to establish confidence intervals. Forty-five affected teeth were tested. Forty-three were tested with EPT, CPT, and TTI, and two were tested solely with EPT and CPT. All dogs tested with EPT and TTI were included in the study whereas 21 out of 45 (47%) dogs tested with CPT were excluded. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were respectively 0.96, 1.00, 1.00, 0.96 and 0.98 for EPT; 1.00, 0.89, 0.92, 1.00 and 0.95 for CPT; and 0.59, 0.95, 0.94, 0.67 and 0.76 for TTI. This study concluded that EPT is a highly reliable diagnostic test to evaluate pulpal health in dogs. The high accuracy of CPT is conditional on the patient's responsiveness to stimulation applied to its control healthy teeth. TTI was the least reliable test in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Proulx
- Centre hospitalier universitaire vétérinaire, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 70354Université de Montréal, , St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Yvan Dumais
- Centre hospitalier universitaire vétérinaire, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 70354Université de Montréal, , St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Guy Beauchamp
- 5622Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC Canada
| | - Paulo Steagall
- Clinical Sciences Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
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Vu TT, Nguyen MT, Sangvanich P, Thunyakitpisal P. Pulse Oximetry and Three-Dimensional Analysis in Evaluating Immature Permanent Teeth Apexogenesis: Two Case Reports. Open Dent J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18742106-v16-e2112271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Apexogenesis is a vital pulp therapy that aims to preserve pulp vitality and maintain root formation in not-fully-formed permanent teeth with exposed pulp from trauma or caries. To achieve success, reliable diagnostic tools are required to assess the pulp health and tooth development stage, design an appropriate treatment plan and evaluation, and follow-up. Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive method for monitoring pulp oxygen saturation, which corresponds to pulp vitality.
Case Presentation:
This case report describes the successful apexogenesis of two pulp exposure-immature permanent teeth treated with acemannan, an implantable natural biomaterial extracted from aloe vera. Based on pulp oxygen saturation level, clinical evaluation, and radiographic examination, the teeth were asymptomatic with preserved pulp vitality and continued root development.
Conclusion:
Therefore, as an auxiliary tool, pulse oximetry could be useful for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-ups of apexogenesis therapy.
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Dentoalveolar Trauma of Children and Adolescents. Pediatr Dent 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78003-6_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Management of an Extrusive Luxation Concomitant with Subluxation: A Case Report with Ten-Year Follow-Up. Case Rep Dent 2021; 2021:6256894. [PMID: 34350040 PMCID: PMC8328711 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6256894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are a public health concern with high prevalence and incidence rates. Proper intervention can significantly reduce the subsequent complications of these events. This case report describes the clinical interventions to manage a patient with traumatized maxillary incisor with severe extrusive luxation. The procedure was aimed at preserving pulp vitality and providing periodontal maintenance to the highest possible degree. Owing to timely and accurate treatments, ten years of success have been achieved in this patient, as discussed in this case report.
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A Clinical Study Determining Pulp Vitality in Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy Using Diagnostic Tool-Pulse Oximetry. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2021; 47:5-9. [PMID: 34211740 PMCID: PMC8200620 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.47.01.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Pulse oximetry is an equipment that evaluates pulp vitality for concrete endodontic diagnosis and treatment plan. One of the treatment methods of oropharyngeal cancer is radiotherapy. Radiotherapy has some harmful effects on dental pulp that affects pulp vitality. The objective of study was to assess pulp vitality before, at the end of radiotherapy and six months after radiotherapy (RT) in oropharyngeal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. 25 patients who were diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer having asymptomatic intact crowns were selected for the study. Pulp vitality was checked before the commencement of radiotherapy (PV1), immediately after radiotherapy (PV 2) and six months post radiotherapy (PV 3). Pulp vitality of first posterior tooth was selected of each patient and was checked with pulse oximetry. Paired t-test was used as statistical analysis. Statistically significant difference was observed when PV 1 and PV 2, PV 1 and PV 3 and PV 2 and PV 3 were compared amongst each other. There was reduction noted in mean SpO2 value when groups PV 2 and PV1 were compared. This was statistically significant. Statistically significant increase in mean SpO2 value was observed six months post radiotherapy (PV 3). Thus, it can be concluded that statistically significant reduction in mean SpO2 level post radiotherapy recovers after six months.
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Pulse Oximetry as a Diagnostic Tool to Determine Pulp Vitality: A Systematic Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11062747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pulse oximetry (PO) can be used as a technique to assess vascularization. Although it is commonly used in the field of medicine, it still has limited use in dentistry. The aim of this study is to evaluate, by means of a systematic review, if pulse oximetry is a viable and effective system to determine pulp vitality and assess the clinical criteria for its use. A literature search was performed in Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Clinical studies using pulse oximetry as a tool to determine pulp vitality in permanent teeth were eligible. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed following the Quality Assessment for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) guidelines. A total of 24 articles were included in the review. The subjective test most compared to PO was the cold test. PO has shown a good sensibility and specificity, and it has been used in different clinical situations. Pulse oximetry has a high potential as a tool for the diagnosis of pulp vitality. However, the absence of a specific pulse oximeter for a dental practice, among other limitations, added to the lack of evidence on how different systemic and oral pathologies may affect the pulp’s oxygen saturation levels, which hinders its clinical use.
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Pinheiro CR, de Castro Pinto L, Mateo-Castillo JF, Siqueira VDS, Garib D. Response to Pulp Vitality Tests in Teeth Submitted to Orthodontic Movement, Adjacent to the Cleft Area. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 59:72-78. [PMID: 33622061 DOI: 10.1177/1055665621996115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the pulp vitality in teeth adjacent to the cleft area submitted to orthodontic movement into the alveolar graft area in individuals with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (CUCLP). DESIGN Cold sensitivity, vertical, and horizontal percussion tests were conducted on the teeth adjacent to the cleft and the contralateral teeth. SETTING Endodontics Sector in the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP). PATIENTS One hundred patients with CUCLP and hypodontia of the upper lateral incisor in orthodontic movement and after successful alveolar bone graft in the cleft area. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The cleft study group (SG) was composed of 200 teeth, adjacent to the cleft area. The control group (CG) consisted of 200 contralateral teeth. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test for comparisons between groups (P < .05). RESULTS In the SG, 82.0% of teeth presented positive response to the cold sensitivity testing, 13.5% had negative response, and 4.5% had marked response, with statistically significant difference in relation to the CG. The vertical and horizontal percussion tests on teeth in the SG revealed the same results, in which 95.0% presented negative response and 5.0% responded positively, without significant difference compared to teeth in the CG, for both tests. CONCLUSIONS Teeth adjacent to the cleft area presented changes in the physiological conditions of the pulp, which were observed by reduction of positive response to the cold sensitivity testing or presence of pulp hypersensitivity in cases of marked response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ramos Pinheiro
- Dentistry Department, Specialization in Endodontics, Post Graduation Center in Dentistry, CPO Uningá, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lidiane de Castro Pinto
- Dentistry Department, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Brazil
| | - José Francisco Mateo-Castillo
- Dentistry Department, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Brazil
| | - Viviane da Silva Siqueira
- Dentistry Department, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Brazil
| | - Daniela Garib
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP) and Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (FOB/USP), Brazil
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Roeykens H, De Coster P, Jacquet W, De Moor RJG. The Decisive Role of Laser Doppler Flowmetry for Pulp Preservation in Discolored Traumatized Teeth. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2021:photob.2020.4907. [PMID: 33617722 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2020.4907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: It has been stated that blood pigments within discolored teeth may interfere with Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF) measurements. The aim of this study was to assess pulp vitality with LDF in a cohort of discolored traumatized teeth referred for endodontic treatment or where the referring dentist had doubts regarding maintained tooth vitality. Background: Discoloration of teeth is a common sequel of dental trauma. Still today, it is taken as an indicator for root canal treatment. Transient apical breakdown (TAB) is confused with apical periodontitis, although it is a sequel of dental trauma in young mature teeth and will result in revascularization and dissolution of the apical radiolucency. Methods: A total of 26 patients with 28 discolored teeth, belonging to a cohort of referred patients with traumatized teeth referred for root canal treatment and/or pulp vitality assessment were screened on color with photographs by three investigators, with traditional sensibility tests and with a Moor VMS II LDF meter. Results: The color of the intrinsically discolored teeth was grayish in 58% of teeth, blue 20%, pink/crimson 12%, and yellow 4%. Eighty-five percent were central maxillary incisors, 11% were mandibulary incisors. Thanks to LDF, 43% of the trauma cases in this small cohort with discoloration underwent root canal treatment instead of 70% with traditional sensibility tests as indicator. TAB was found in 11%. Conclusions: LDF was decisive in diagnosing vitality of discolored teeth and there was no negative impact of tooth discoloration on LDF measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman Roeykens
- Sections of Reconstructive Dentistry and Endodontology, Ghent Dental Photonics Research Cluster, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Dental School, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter De Coster
- Sections of Reconstructive Dentistry and Endodontology, Ghent Dental Photonics Research Cluster, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Dental School, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wolfgang Jacquet
- Section of Special Needs in Oral Health, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Dental School, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Oral Health Sciences ORHE, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Educational Sciences EDWE-LOCI, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roeland Jozef Gentil De Moor
- Sections of Reconstructive Dentistry and Endodontology, Ghent Dental Photonics Research Cluster, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Dental School, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent Dental Laser Center, MOND Latem, Sint Martens Latem, Ghent, Belgium
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Grabliauskienė Ž, Zamaliauskienė R, Lodienė G. Pulp Vitality Testing with a Developed Universal Pulse Oximeter Probe Holder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57020101. [PMID: 33498652 PMCID: PMC7912332 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives An accurate determination of the pulp status is relevant for a proper endodontic diagnosis. Objectives: The aim was to develop a universal pulse oximeter probe holder for measuring the oxygen saturation and to evaluate the use of pulse oximetry as a test for pulp vitality, by comparing the levels of oxygen saturation in the index finger and in the healthy dental pulp. Materials and Methods The universal holder was designed with software and printed with a 3D printer. The study was carried out on 128 healthy teeth. They were divided into eight groups according to tooth type. Ten root canal treated teeth served as a negative control group. For each patient, a pulse oximeter was first applied on the tooth followed by the index finger. The significance level (α) was set at 0.05. Results: The developed and manufactured universal pulse oximeter probe holder was suitable to measure the pulp vitality of all types of teeth. The handle allowed for holding the pulse oximeter on the tooth in parallel, firmly and securely. Significantly higher oxygen saturation was observed in the index finger (97.22%) compared to the dental pulp (93.17%) (p < 0.001). No correlation was observed between the maxillary teeth and index finger oxygen saturation values (r = 0.05, p = 0.72), whereas, between the mandibular teeth and index finger, a positive correlation was detected (r = 0.29, p = 0.02). There were no significant differences in the pulp oxygen saturation values between different teeth groups. Conclusion: The newly developed universal pulse oximeter probe holder is an effective device for pulp vitality testing.
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Aguirre-López EC, Patiño-Marín N, Martínez-Castañón GA, Medina-Solís CE, Castillo-Silva BE, Cepeda-Argüelles O, Aguilera-Galaviz LA, Rosales-García P. Levels of matrix metalloproteinase-8 and cold test in reversible and irreversible pulpitis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23782. [PMID: 33350764 PMCID: PMC7769305 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers have reported false positive/negative results of the cold test in the diagnosis of pulpitis. Knowledge of the correlation between results of the cold test and proteins could aid in decreasing the frequency of incorrect diagnosis. To associate the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) with the responses (in seconds) to the cold test in teeth diagnosed with reversible and irreversible pulpitis.A cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 150 subjects were evaluated, of which 60 subjects met the selection criteria. The participants were divided into 3 groups: Group 1, healthy pulps, 20 subjects with 20 posterior teeth (premolars) with clinically normal pulp tissue; Group 2, reversible pulpitis, 20 patients with 20 teeth diagnosed with reversible pulpitis; and Group 3, irreversible pulpitis, 20 subjects with 20 teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis. All participants were evaluated based on the following variables: medical and dental history, cold test, and expression of MMP-8 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in dentin samples.Responses to the cold test between 4 to 5 seconds (second evaluation; P < .0001) were associated with high levels of MMP-8 (mean, 0.36 ng/mL) in the reversible pulpitis group. In the irreversible pulpitis group, the responses from 6 to ≥10 seconds (second evaluation; P < .0001) were associated with a higher average of MMP-8 levels (mean, 1.97 ng/mL).We determined that an increase in the duration of response to the cold test was associated with an increase in MMP-8 levels (Rho = 0.81, P < .0001) in teeth with pulpitis. The above correlations can be considered an adjunct to the clinical diagnosis of pulpitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuria Patiño-Marín
- Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Department of Clinical Research
| | | | - Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís
- Department of Dentistry, Institute of Health's Sciences, Autonomous University of The State of Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo
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Lambert P, Miguens SAQ, Solda C, Sganzerla JT, Reichert LA, Estrela C, Barletta FB. Reference values for pulp oxygen saturation as a diagnostic tool in endodontics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Restor Dent Endod 2020; 45:e48. [PMID: 33294413 PMCID: PMC7691259 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2020.45.e48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This systematic review aimed to identify mean oxygen saturation values (SpO2) using pulse oximetry in permanent maxillary anterior teeth. Materials and Methods The MEDLINE, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, and Literatura Latino Americana em Ciências da Saúde electronic databases were searched. Combinations and variations of “oximetry” AND “dental pulp test” were used as search terms. Studies reporting means and standard deviations of SpO2 values were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic, and all analyses were performed using R software. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results Of the 251 studies identified, 19 met the eligibility criteria and were included (total sample, 4,541 teeth). In the meta-analysis, the mean SpO2 values were 84.94% (95% confidence interval [CI], 84.85%–85.04%) for the central incisors, 89.29% (95% CI, 89.22%–89.35%) for the lateral incisors, and 89.20% (95% CI, 89.05%–89.34%) for the canines. The studies were predominantly low-quality due to the high risk of bias associated with the index test, unclear risk regarding patient selection, and concerns about outcome assessment. Conclusions Although most studies were low-quality, the oxygen saturation levels in normal pulp could be established (minimum saturation, 77.52%). Despite the risk of bias of the included studies, the reference values reported herein are clinically relevant for assessments of changes in pulp status. Trial Registration International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews Identifier: CRD42018085598
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Lambert
- Department of Endodontics, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Solda
- Department of Endodontics, Faculdade Meridional (IMED) School of Dentistry, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Tomaz Sganzerla
- Department of Oral Diagnostic, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Leandro Azambuja Reichert
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) School of Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Estrela
- Department of Endodontics, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiania, GO, Brazil
| | - Fernando Branco Barletta
- Department of Endodontics, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
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Bourguignon C, Cohenca N, Lauridsen E, Flores MT, O'Connell AC, Day PF, Tsilingaridis G, Abbott PV, Fouad AF, Hicks L, Andreasen JO, Cehreli ZC, Harlamb S, Kahler B, Oginni A, Semper M, Levin L. International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 1. Fractures and luxations. Dent Traumatol 2020; 36:314-330. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nestor Cohenca
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle WA USA
| | - Eva Lauridsen
- Resource Center for Rare Oral Diseases Copenhagen University Hospital Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Marie Therese Flores
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry Universidad de Valparaíso Valparaíso Chile
| | - Anne C. O'Connell
- Paediatric Dentitsry Dublin Dental University HospitalTrinity College DublinThe University of Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Peter F. Day
- School of Dentistry University of Leeds and Community Dental Service Bradford District Care NHS Trust Leeds UK
| | - Georgios Tsilingaridis
- Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department of Dental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden
- Center for Pediatric Oral Health Research Stockholm Sweden
| | - Paul V. Abbott
- UWA Dental School University of Western Australia Nedlands WA Australia
| | - Ashraf F. Fouad
- Adams School of Dentistry University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Lamar Hicks
- Division of Endodontics University of Maryland School of DentistryUMB Baltimore MD USA
| | - Jens Ove Andreasen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Resource Centre for Rare Oral Diseases University Hospital in Copenhagen (Rigshospitalet) Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Zafer C. Cehreli
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - Stephen Harlamb
- Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Bill Kahler
- School of Dentistry The University of Queensland St Lucia Qld Australia
| | - Adeleke Oginni
- Faculty of Dentistry College of Health Sciences Obafemi Awolowo University Ile‐Ife Nigeria
| | | | - Liran Levin
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
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Abu Alhaija ES, Taha NA. A comparative study of initial changes in pulpal blood flow between conventional and self-ligating fixed orthodontic brackets during leveling and alignment stage. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:971-981. [PMID: 32519238 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03386-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate and compare the initial changes in pulpal blood flow (PBF) between conventional and self-ligating fixed orthodontic brackets during leveling and alignment stage using 0.016 × 0.022 NiTi as alignment archwire. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-two patients (16 females and 6 males) aged 19.00 ± 2.53 years who presented with mild lower arch crowding were selected to participate in the study. A split mouth study design was applied for each patient. The intervention (self-ligating brackets) was randomly allocated to the right or left side of the patient using the permuted random block size of 2 with 1:1 allocation ratio. Two different fixed appliance brackets were used in the lower arch (self-ligating brackets on one side and conventional brackets on the other side of the same patients. Two alignment archwires; 0.016″ NiTi and 0.016 × 0.022″ NiTi were used in this study. PBF was measured for the lower right and left sides using laser Doppler flowmetry at different time intervals (20 min, 24 h, 72 h, 1 week, and 1 month) RESULTS: PBF started to decrease 20 min after insertion of both archwires using both types of brackets. Maximum decrease was reached after 72 h of archwire insertion. After 1 week of force application, PBF started to increase to restore its original values after 1 month. Differences between the 2 groups were not significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In both treatment groups, PBF reduced within 48 h. PBF started to increase after 1 week until it reached its original values after 1 month. Changes in PBF at the measured time intervals in the two groups were similar. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The use of 0.016 × 0.022″ NiTi immediately after 0.016″ NiTi for alignment does not produce any damaging effect on the teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham S Abu Alhaija
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nessrin A Taha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan.
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Jose J, P. A, Subbaiyan H. Different Treatment Modalities followed by Dental Practitioners for Ellis Class 2 Fracture – A Questionnaire-based Survey. Open Dent J 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602014010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:Dental trauma is one of the most commonly seen injuries involving teeth and surrounding structures. The frequent causes of dental trauma are usually falls, traffic accidents, fights and sports injuries. Rapid treatment can prevent long-term damage to the orofacial structures and save the teeth. Ellis class 2 fracture is classified as the involvement of enamel and dentin excluding pulp. Dental practitioners are used to treating Ellis class 2 fracture very often in their dental practice and is usually considered as a dilemma among dental practitioners for the different treatment modalities followed for treatment of Ellis class 2 fracture. A survey is done among dental practitioners to assess the different treatment modalities followed by them in the case of Ellis class 2 fracture.Materials and Methods:A survey was done among 380 dental practitioners in the Chennai region in which 360 dental practitioners responded. The survey was distributed through electronic media and other means of communication. The survey data was collected, analysed and interpreted.Results:The results suggested that about 90% of dental practitioners had adequate knowledge and attitude towards the management of dental traumatic injuries. However, the practical application of the different treatment modalities was seen to be varied among dental practitioners. Based on this survey it was clear that majority of the dental practitioners in Chennai have good knowledge, attitude but there was a lack of clinical practice regarding the different treatment modalities followed by general practitioners for Ellis class 2 fracture.Conclusion:The survey shows that dental practitioners have a sound knowledge, attitude, but the practical application of the various treatment modalities available was seen to vary among various dental practitioners for Ellis class 2 fracture.
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Castillo-Silva BE, Martínez-Jiménez V, Martínez-Castañón GA, Medina-Solís CE, Aguirre-López EC, Castillo-Hernández JR, Niño-Martínez N, Patiño-Marín N. Expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide and pulp sensitivity tests in irreversible pulpitis. Braz Oral Res 2019; 33:e077. [PMID: 31531564 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify the relationship between the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and the responses of pulp sensitivity tests in healthy pulps and irreversible pulps by performing a cross-sectional study on patients. Two hundred subjects were evaluated. A total of 75 subjects complied with the criteria. The participants were divided into two groups: a) Healthy pulp (subjects [n = 35] having posterior teeth with clinically normal pulp tissue), and b) Irreversible pulpitis (subjects [n = 40] having posterior teeth with irreversible pulpitis). All participants were evaluated using the following variables: a) medical and dental history, b) pulp sensitivity tests, c) expression of CGRP by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and d) expression levels of mRNA CGRP and mRNA CGRP receptor genes. We determined that the responses of the cold test between 4 and ≥12 s presented a higher average of the expression of CGRP in the group having irreversible pulpitis (p = 0.0001). When we compared the groups with the value of the electrical impulse, we found statistically significant differences (p = 0.0001), observing positive responses to the test with electrical impulses of 7 to 10, with an average of 72.15 ng/mL of CGRP in the irreversible pulpitis group. High values of CGRP expression were observed in that group in the responses of pulp sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Eréndida Castillo-Silva
- University of San Luis Potosí, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Department of Clinical Research, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Verónica Martínez-Jiménez
- University of San Luis Potosí, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Department of Clinical Research, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | | | - Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís
- Autonomous University of The State of Hidalgo, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Eva Concepción Aguirre-López
- University of San Luis Potosí, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Department of Clinical Research, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | | | - Nereyda Niño-Martínez
- University of San Luis Potosí, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Nuria Patiño-Marín
- University of San Luis Potosí, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Department of Clinical Research, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
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Castillo-Silva BE, Alegría-Torres JA, Martínez-Castañón GA, Medina-Solís CE, Zavala-Alonso NV, Niño-Martínez N, Aguirre-López EC, Patiño-Marín N. Diagnostic accuracy of three placement sites for the cold test in subjects amongst different age groups. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:189. [PMID: 31426774 PMCID: PMC6700768 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0878-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cold test is a specific test of pulp sensitivity and is part of the endodontic diagnosis. The aim of this study was to identify the diagnostic accuracy including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value in three sites for the cold test in teeth with a need for endodontic treatment within different age groups from both genders. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed, evaluating 425 subjects. Two hundred and fifty-eight subjects from both genders from the ages of 17–27, 28–39, 40–50, and 51–65 years-old participated in the study. The cold test studied was 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, and the gold standard was established through direct pulp inspection. The sites evaluated in the study were: The sites evaluated in the study were: a) the middle third of the buccal surface; b) the cervical third of the buccal surface, and c) the middle third of the lingual surface. Results The highest diagnosted accuracy was observed on the middle third buccal surface with an accuracy of = 0.97, a sensitivity of = 1.00, a specificity of 0.95, a predictive value of = 0.95 and a negative predictive value of = 1.00. This was in the female group aged from 40 to 50 years old. Conclusion The tables of this study can be used as an auxiliary for pulp sensitivity tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Eréndida Castillo-Silva
- Clinical Research Laboratory, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, San Luis Potosí University, Manuel Nava # 2. Zona Universitaria, PC 78290, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | | | - Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís
- Area of Dentistry of the Institute of Health's Sciences, Autonomous University of The State of Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Norma Verónica Zavala-Alonso
- Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, San Luis Potosí University, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Nereyda Niño-Martínez
- Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, San Luis Potosí University, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Eva Concepción Aguirre-López
- Clinical Research Laboratory, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, San Luis Potosí University, Manuel Nava # 2. Zona Universitaria, PC 78290, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Nuria Patiño-Marín
- Clinical Research Laboratory, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, San Luis Potosí University, Manuel Nava # 2. Zona Universitaria, PC 78290, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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Vitality Tests for Pulp Diagnosis of Traumatized Teeth: A Systematic Review. J Endod 2019; 45:490-499. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lorena Ferreira L, Ana Helena Gonçalves de A, Decurcio DDA, Silva JA, Favarão IN, Loureiro MAZ, Barletta FB, Estrela C. Effect of dental bleaching on pulp oxygen saturation in maxillary central incisors - a randomized clinical trial. J Appl Oral Sci 2019; 27:e20180442. [PMID: 30994776 PMCID: PMC6459226 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess pulp oxygen saturation levels (SaO2) in maxillary central incisors after dental bleaching. MATERIALS AND METHODS 80 participants (160 teeth) were randomly allocated to four groups: G1 In-office bleaching with two applications of 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) (20 minutes), followed by at-home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) (2 hours/day for 16 days); G2 - Same protocol as G1, plus desensitizing toothpaste; G3 - In-office bleaching with 35% HP and one application of placebo gel (20 minutes), followed by at-home bleaching with 10% CP (2 hours/day for 16 days); and G4 - Same protocol as G3, plus desensitizing toothpaste. Pulp SaO2 levels were measured before (T0) and immediately after (T1) in-office bleaching; on the 5th (T2), 8th (T3), 12th (T4), and 16th days of at-home bleaching (T5); and on the 7th (T6) and 30th (T7) days. Mean (SD) pulp SaO2 levels were compared within groups by generalized estimating equations (GEE) and Student's t-test (P<0.05). RESULTS Mean pulp SaO2 at T0 was 84.29% in G1, 84.38% in G2, 84.79% in G3, and 85.83% in G4. At T1, these values decreased to 81.96%, 82.06%, 82.19%, and 81.15% in G1, G2, G3, and G4 respectively, with significant difference in G4 (P<0.05). During home bleaching, pulp SaO2 levels varied in all groups, with 86.55%, 86.60%, 85.71%, and 87.15% means at T7 for G1, G2, G3, and G4, respectively; G2 presented significant difference (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Pulp SaO2 level in maxillary central incisors was similar at baseline, reducing immediately after in-office bleaching, regardless of using desensitizing toothpaste and increasing at 30 days after dental bleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lima Lorena Ferreira
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Estomatológicas, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel de Almeida Decurcio
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Estomatológicas, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Julio Almeida Silva
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Estomatológicas, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Isabella Negro Favarão
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Estomatológicas, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio Zaiden Loureiro
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Estomatológicas, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Fernando Branco Barletta
- Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Estomatológicas, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos Estrela
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Estomatológicas, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Solda C, Barletta FB, Vanni JR, Lambert P, Só MVR, Estrela C. Effect of At-Home Bleaching on Oxygen Saturation Levels in the Dental Pulp of Maxillary Central Incisors. Braz Dent J 2018; 29:541-546. [PMID: 30517476 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201802170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed oxygen saturation (SaO2) levels before, during, and after at-home bleaching treatment in the pulps of healthy maxillary central incisors. SaO2 levels were measured in 136 healthy maxillary central incisors using a pulse oximeter. The bleaching protocol consisted of 10% carbamide peroxide gel placed in individual trays and used for four hours daily for 14 days. SaO2 levels were assessed before bleaching (T0), immediately after the first session (T1), on the 7th day of treatment (T2), on the 15th day (the day following the last session) (T3), and 30 days after completion of the bleaching protocol (T4). Data were statistically analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE), Student's t test (p<0.05) and Pearson's correlation. Mean pulp SaO2 levels were 85.1% at T0, 84.9% at T1, 84.7% at T2, 84.3% at T3, and 85.0% at T4. Gradual reductions in SaO2 levels were observed, with significant differences (p<0.001) during the course of home bleaching treatment. However, 30 days after the end of the bleaching protocol, SaO2 levels returned to baseline levels. Home bleaching caused a reversible transient decrease in SaO2 levels in the pulps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paula Lambert
- ULBRA - Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Estrela
- Department of Stomatology, UFG - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Dabiri D, Harper DE, Kapila Y, Kruger GH, Clauw DJ, Harte S. Applications of sensory and physiological measurement in oral-facial dental pain. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2018; 38:395-404. [PMID: 30194771 PMCID: PMC6282998 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Dentists regularly employ a variety of self‐report and sensory techniques to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of tooth‐related disease. Many of these techniques leverage principles borrowed from psychophysics, the quantitative measurement of the relationship between stimuli and evoked sensations, which falls under the larger umbrella of quantitative sensory testing (QST). However, most clinicians fail to meet the bar for what could be considered quantitative sensory testing, and instead focus on qualitative and dichotomous “yes/no” aspects of sensory experience. With our current subjective measurements for pain assessments, diagnosis and treatment of dental pain in young children and individuals (any age) with severe cognitive impairment rely extensively on third‐party observations. Consequently, the limitation of inadequate pain diagnosis can lead to poor pain management. In this review, it discusses mechanisms that underlie acute and chronic dental pain. It details the measurement of somatosensory responses and pulpal blood flow as objective measures of tooth health and pain. It proposes that bridging these varied methodologies will significantly improve diagnosis and treatment of orofacial pain and pathology. It concludes that improving the precision of sensory measurements could yield important improvements in diagnostic challenges in pulpal pathology for noncommunicative and cognitively impaired individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya Dabiri
- Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Daniel E Harper
- Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Grant H Kruger
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Daniel J Clauw
- Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Steven Harte
- Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Ersahan S, Sabuncuoglu FA, Oktay EA. The Efficacy of Laser Doppler Flowmetry, Electric Pulp Test and Cold Test in Diagnosing Revascularization of Extrusively Luxated Immature Maxillary Incisors. Pak J Med Sci 2018; 34:787-793. [PMID: 30190729 PMCID: PMC6115555 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.344.15524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of extrusion on immature permanent tooth PBF values during a 6-month post-trauma period and to compare the accuracy of cold tests on pulp sensibility of traumatized teeth with that of electric pulp tests (EPT). Methods: The study group comprised of 26 extruded immature maxillary incisors in 25 trauma patients. The respective contralateral homologous teeth (n=25) were included as a positive control group. Teeth in the study group were treated by repositioning and splinting. Pulp vitality readings for traumatized and control teeth were taken with LDF, EPT and cold test on the day of splint-removal (2-3 weeks after trauma–T1) as well as 6 weeks (T2), 3 months (T3) and 6 months (T4) post-trauma. Student t and Mann-Whitney U-tests were used to compare data among groups. Statistical significance was set at P< 0.05. Results: LDF gave positive vitality readings (>4.5 PU) in all patients from T1 to T4 (with the exception of 1 patient at T1). Conclusions: LDF was able to accurately identify vitality in traumatized immature teeth even during the first few weeks following trauma, whereas conventional sensibility tests were unable to accurately recognize vitality shortly after trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyda Ersahan
- Seyda Ersahan, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fidan Alakus Sabuncuoglu
- Fidan Alakus Sabuncuoglu, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Aybala Oktay
- Elif Aybala Oktay, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey
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Estrela C, Oliveira KS, Alencar AHG, Barletta FB, Estrela CR, Felippe WT. Oxygen Saturation in the Dental Pulp of Maxillary and Mandibular Molars - Part 2. Braz Dent J 2018; 28:704-709. [PMID: 29211125 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201701447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study determined the oxygen saturation (SaO2) in dental pulp of healthy maxillary and mandibular molars. Mean of SaO2 was evaluated in 112 maxillary and mandibular molars using pulse oximetry. Quantitative variables were described by mean and standard deviation. Variables with symmetric distribution were compared by Student t test and Mann-Whitney test. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to correlate quantitative variables. Analysis of variance was used to assess differences in SaO2 levels between the molar groups, followed by post-hoc Tukey. The significance level established at p<0.05. Mean of oxygen saturation for the 112 molar dental pulps was 85.09%. There was no significant correlation (r=-0.007; p=0.977) between the mean of SaO2 of molar pulps with patient´s indicator finger (92.89%). There was a significant difference (p=0.037) between the mean of SaO2 of the first (85.76%) and second maxillary molars (81.87%), and it was not significant (p=0.1775) between the first and second mandibular molars. Maxillary molars had lower pulpal SaO2 (83.59%) than mandibular molars (86.89%) (p=0.018). The mean of the patient's response time to the cold stimulus was 1.12 s (maxillary molars 1.25 s and mandibular molars 0.99 s)(p=0.052). There was no significant correlation between the time response of the patient to the cold stimulus and the SaO2 for molars. The mean oxygen saturation level was 85.09%. The mandibular molars presented higher SaO2 level than maxillary molars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Estrela
- Dental School, UFGO - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Keila Sa Oliveira
- Dental School, UFGO - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Wilson T Felippe
- Dental School, UFSC - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Zoller CJ, Hohmann A, Foschum F, Geiger S, Geiger M, Ertl TP, Kienle A. Parallelized Monte Carlo software to efficiently simulate the light propagation in arbitrarily shaped objects and aligned scattering media. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-12. [PMID: 29935015 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.6.065004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A GPU-based Monte Carlo software (MCtet) was developed to calculate the light propagation in arbitrarily shaped objects, like a human tooth, represented by a tetrahedral mesh. A unique feature of MCtet is a concept to realize different kinds of light-sources illuminating the complex-shaped surface of an object, for which no preprocessing step is needed. With this concept, it is also possible to consider photons leaving a turbid media and reentering again in case of a concave object. The correct implementation was shown by comparison with five other Monte Carlo software packages. A hundredfold acceleration compared with central processing units-based programs was found. MCtet can simulate anisotropic light propagation, e.g., by accounting for scattering at cylindrical structures. The important influence of the anisotropic light propagation, caused, e.g., by the tubules in human dentin, is shown for the transmission spectrum through a tooth. It was found that the sensitivity to a change in the oxygen saturation inside the pulp for transmission spectra is much larger if the tubules are considered. Another "light guiding" effect based on a combination of a low scattering and a high refractive index in enamel is described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ansgar Hohmann
- Ulm university, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine and Metrology, Ulm, Germany
| | - Florian Foschum
- Ulm university, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine and Metrology, Ulm, Germany
| | - Simeon Geiger
- Ulm university, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine and Metrology, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Geiger
- Ulm university, Department of Orthodontics, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Alwin Kienle
- Ulm university, Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine and Metrology, Ulm, Germany
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Efficacy of Ultrasound Doppler Flowmetry in Assessing Pulp Vitality of Traumatized Teeth: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis. J Endod 2018; 44:379-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Healthy Dental Pulp Oxygen Saturation Rates in Subjects with Homozygous Sickle Cell Anemia: A Cross-Sectional Study Nested in a Cohort. J Endod 2017; 43:1997-2000. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Anusha B, Madhusudhana K, Chinni SK, Paramesh Y. Assessment of Pulp Oxygen Saturation Levels by Pulse Oximetry for Pulpal Diseases -A Diagnostic Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC36-ZC39. [PMID: 29207830 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/28322.10572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Diagnosis of pulpal inflammation is a key to endodontics. Pulse oximetry is a true vitality testing device which relies on oxygen saturation levels of pulp and helps in diagnosis of different pulpal conditions. Aim The aim of the study was to analyse oxygen saturation levels of different pulpally inflamed teeth by using pulse oximetry. Materials and Methods Hundred patients were included in the study and categorized into five groups based on pulpal status of the test tooth by using heat test and cold test. Twenty patients were recruited in each of the experimental groups i.e., Reversible Pulpitis (RP), Irreversible Pulpitis (IP), Pulpal Necrosis (PN), Positive Control (PC, healthy teeth), and Negative Control (NC, endodontically treated teeth). Oxygen saturation levels of all the groups were measured along with each patient index finger oxygen saturation readings. Results were analysed by using ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. Results The mean oxygen saturation levels of RP, IP, PN, PC and NC were 85.4%, 81.6%, 70.7%, 94.6% and 0 respectively. There was significant difference in the oxygen saturation levels between all the groups. Conclusion Pulse oximeter is an effective tool in diagnosing different pulpal pathologies especially PN which was interpreted inaccurately by thermal tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bander Anusha
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Koppolu Madhusudhana
- Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Suneel Kumar Chinni
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Yelloji Paramesh
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Self-repaired Process of a Traumatized Maxillary Central Incisor with Pulp Infarct after Horizontal Root Fracture Monitored by Laser Doppler Flowmetry Combined with Tissue Oxygen Monitor. J Endod 2017; 43:1218-1222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Riehl J, Hetzel SJ, Snyder CJ, Soukup JW. Detection of Pulpal Blood Flow In Vivo with Pulse Oximetry in Dogs. Front Vet Sci 2016; 3:36. [PMID: 27243024 PMCID: PMC4873511 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2016.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of pulse oximetry to detect blood flow within the canine tooth of dogs. Materials and methods Dogs aged 18–138 months presenting for oral treatment and meeting the inclusion criteria underwent pulse oximetry evaluation of at least one canine tooth. Oxygen saturation (SpO2) and pulse rate values were acquired from vital canine teeth of 38 clinical patients (representing 40 total teeth) with a handheld pulse oximeter and compared to a control area. SpO2 values from the tooth and control area were recorded every 5 s for three 60-s intervals. The sensors were repositioned after each 60-s interval. Results The vital teeth consistently recorded SpO2 values significantly lower than the control area. The mean vital tooth SpO2 was 85.9% (median = 87%; SD = 8.6), and the mean control area SpO2 was 97.7% (median = 98%; SD = 1.8). An age-related significant difference was noted in vital tooth SpO2 values. Conclusion In conclusion, the present data support the possible use of pulse oximetry to detect blood flow in canine teeth. However, there was no significant correlation between SpO2 values in the vital tooth and in the control areas. Additionally, the results were not definitive, and validation of the modality with additional studies of non-vital canine teeth is needed before clinical use can be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Riehl
- Dentistry and Oral Surgery Section, Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI , USA
| | - Scott J Hetzel
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI , USA
| | - Christopher J Snyder
- Dentistry and Oral Surgery Section, Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI , USA
| | - Jason W Soukup
- Dentistry and Oral Surgery Section, Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI , USA
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38
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Caldeira CL, Barletta FB, Ilha MC, Abrão CV, Gavini G. Pulse oximetry: a useful test for evaluating pulp vitality in traumatized teeth. Dent Traumatol 2016; 32:385-9. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Giulio Gavini
- School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
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Late Effects of Head and Neck Radiotherapy on Pulp Vitality Assessed by Pulse Oximetry. J Endod 2016; 42:886-9. [PMID: 27071975 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiation therapy (RT) of malignant tumors in the head and neck area may have damaging effects on surrounding tissues. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the long-term effects of ionizing radiation on pulp vitality by measuring pulp oxygenation levels (%SpO2) in patients with history of RT of intraoral and oropharyngeal tumors 4-6 years after treatment. METHODS In an experimental group RT (n = 90, history of RT) and a control group CON (n = 90, no history of RT), pulp vitality was assessed by measuring %SpO2 by using pulse oximetry and pulp sensitivity by cold thermal testing. All anterior teeth without history of endodontic therapy of the participants in group RT were measured (n = 693), regardless of the quadrant and the irradiated area. An equal number of anterior teeth were tested in group CON. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the %SpO2 levels in group RT (92.7%; standard deviation, ± 1.83) and group CON (92.6%; standard deviation, ± 1.80). All teeth in RT and CON groups showed a positive response to the thermal test. All tested teeth were considered vital. CONCLUSIONS Pulp %SpO2 was found to be within normal limits 4-6 years after RT. This suggests that RT may not have a long-term influence on pulp vitality, and reported short-term changes in pulpal microcirculation because of RT may be temporary.
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40
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Moule A, Cohenca N. Emergency assessment and treatment planning for traumatic dental injuries. Aust Dent J 2016; 61 Suppl 1:21-38. [DOI: 10.1111/adj.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Moule
- Department of Endodontics; Kuwait University; Kuwait
- School of Dentistry; The University of Queensland; Queensland Australia
| | - N Cohenca
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Seattle Children's Hospital; University of Washington; USA
- Private Practice; Lakeside Endodontics; Everett Washington USA
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Bargrizan M, Ashari MA, Ahmadi M, Ramezani J. The use of pulse oximetry in evaluation of pulp vitality in immature permanent teeth. Dent Traumatol 2015; 32:43-7. [PMID: 26358664 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The current methods of pulp vitality assessment, either electric or thermal, are of limited use in children. Recently, traumatized and immature teeth may not respond to such methods and because such methods require subjective responses, it may not provide accurate results particularly in children. Pulse oximetry, an atraumatic approach, is used to measure oxygen saturation in vascular system. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of pulse oximetry to evaluate pulp vitality status in immature permanent teeth. METHODS AND MATERIALS The study was conducted on 329 maxillary central and lateral incisors in children. The negative control group consisted of 10 root filled teeth. Systemic oxygen saturation was first measured on the thumb of the individual using a custom-made sensor. Oxygen saturation values of the teeth were then evaluated. The correlation between oxygen saturation measurement obtained from finger and tooth, and the correlation between oxygen saturation values and stage of root development were analyzed. A further comparison was made between the teeth with open and closed apex. RESULTS Mean oxygen values recorded in the patient's finger were 97.17%, and mean oxygen values in the maxillary central and lateral incisors were 86.77% and 83/92%, respectively. There was no significant correlation between blood oxygen levels in the finger and in the teeth. (P > 0.05) There was a significant negative correlation between the stage of root development and the blood oxygen levels in the patients' teeth. (P < 0.05) Mean oxygen values in the teeth with open apex were significantly higher than the teeth with closed apex. (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Vital teeth provided consistent oxygen saturation readings, and non-vital teeth recorded no oxygen saturation values. During tooth development, the oxygen saturation values decreased. These findings confirm that the pulse oximetry is capable of detecting the pulpal blood flow and oxygen saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Bargrizan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti Medical University (SBMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asna Ashari
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti Medical University (SBMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ahmadi
- Department of Medical Engineering, Shahid Beheshti Medical University (SBMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamileh Ramezani
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Stella JPF, Barletta FB, Giovanella LB, Grazziotin-Soares R, Tovo MF, Felippe WT, Estrela C. Oxygen Saturation in Dental Pulp of Permanent Teeth: Difference between Children/Adolescents and Adults. J Endod 2015; 41:1445-9. [PMID: 26093471 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to use pulse oximetry to measure oxygen saturation in permanent maxillary central incisors with normal pulp in 2 different age groups: children/adolescents and adults. METHODS Blood oxygen saturation levels were measured using a pulse oximeter in 110 maxillary central incisors of 57 individuals, in 1 of 2 possible age bands, as follows: 28 children/adolescents (7-13 years old) and 29 adults (22-36 years old). The following factors were also analyzed: (1) heart rate (beats/min); (2) oxygen saturation rate measured at the patient's index finger, also using a pulse oximeter; (3) tooth crown dimensions; and (4) the time taken by the oximeter to provide a reading. RESULTS The mean oxygen saturation level in normal central incisors was higher among children/adolescents (84.35%) than adults (77.88%, P = .003). Oxygen saturation rates measured at the patients' fingers were not correlated with saturation obtained at the teeth (r = 0.10). There was no correlation between oxygen saturation readings and tooth dimensions (buccal surface area), heart rate, or oximeter reading time (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Oxygen saturation values measured in maxillary central incisors using a pulse oximeter revealed differences between children/adolescents and adults, showing that children/adolescents have higher oxygen saturation levels. There was no correlation between oxygen saturation levels in patients' fingers and values from their teeth or between oxygen saturation readings from central incisors and tooth dimensions (buccal surface), heart rate, or oximeter reading time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Renata Grazziotin-Soares
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos Estrela
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goias, Brazil.
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Shahi P, Sood PB, Sharma A, Madan M, Shahi N, Gandhi G. Comparative Study of Pulp Vitality in Primary and Young Permanent Molars in Human Children with Pulse Oximeter and Electric Pulp Tester. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015; 8:94-8. [PMID: 26379374 PMCID: PMC4562039 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the pulp testing methods (pulse oximetry and electric pulp test) in primary and young permanent teeth of children. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included a total of 155 children aged 4 to 15 years. Twenty children formed control group I. Study group included all healthy, 85 primary 2nd molars in group II and 85 permanent 1st molars in group III. Fifty children needing endodontics treatment formed test group IV. The readings were recorded as true positive (TP), false positive (FP), true negative (TN), false negative (FN). Based on this, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated for each method. The results were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test. RESULTS On comparing pulse oximetry with electric pulp test 'p-value' was found to be 0.487 and 1.00 for groups 1 and 2 respectively and was statistically not significant. Whereas 'p-value' for groups 3 and 4 was < 0.0001 and 0.003 respectively and was statistically highly significant. CONCLUSION The present study indicates that pulse oximetry can be used as a routine method for assessing the pulp vitality in primary, young permanent and mature permanent teeth. How to cite this article: Shahi P, Sood PB, Sharma A, Madan M, Shahi N, Gandhi G. Comparative Study of Pulp Vitality in Primary and Young Permanent Molars in Human Children with Pulse Oximeter and Electric Pulp Tester. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015;8(2):94-98.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prinka Shahi
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, MM College of Dental Sciences and Research, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - P B Sood
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics, PDM Dental College Bahadurgarh Haryana, India
| | - Arun Sharma
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pardesh, India
| | - Manish Madan
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics, MM College of Dental Sciences and Research, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Nishat Shahi
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics, MM College of Dental Sciences and Research, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Geetanjali Gandhi
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, MM College of Dental Sciences and Research, Ambala, Haryana, India
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Wall A, Bueno E, Pomahac B, Treister N. Intraoral features and considerations in face transplantation. Oral Dis 2015; 22:93-103. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Wall
- Department of Oral Medicine and Dentistry; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | - E Bueno
- Division of Plastic Surgery; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | - B Pomahac
- Division of Plastic Surgery; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | - N Treister
- Department of Oral Medicine and Dentistry; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity; Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Boston MA USA
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45
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Cho YW, Park SH. Measurement of pulp blood flow rates in maxillary anterior teeth using ultrasound Doppler flowmetry. Int Endod J 2014; 48:1175-80. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y.-W. Cho
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; College of Dentistry; Yonsei University; Seodaemun-Gu Seoul South Korea
| | - S.-H. Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Oral Science Research Center; College of Dentistry; Yonsei University; Seodaemun-Gu Seoul, South Korea
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46
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Kostka E, Meissner S, Finke CH, Mandirola M, Preissner S. Multidisciplinary treatment options of tooth avulsion considering different therapy concepts. Open Dent J 2014; 8:180-3. [PMID: 25352922 PMCID: PMC4209498 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601408010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avulsion of permanent front teeth is a rare accident, mostly affecting children between seven and nine years of age. Replanted and splinted, these teeth often develop inflammation, severe resorption or ankylosis affecting alveolar bone development and have to be extracted sooner or later. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate different therapy concepts to create a structured concept for the treatment of avulsions. RESULTS Based on existing therapy concepts, a concept for different initial conditions (dry time, age, growth, tooth, hard and soft tissues) was developed and is presented here. CONCLUSION A great deal of research has been performed during recent years and guidelines for the management of avulsions have been published. With the help of this literature it is possible to identify the best treatment procedure for each tooth. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The prognosis of avulsed teeth can be improved by considering evidence-based therapy concepts. Resorption, ankylosis and tooth loss could be minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eckehard Kostka
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Assmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Meissner
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Radiology and Oral Surgery, Assmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin,
Germany
| | - Christian H Finke
- Department of Orthodontics, Dentofacial Orthopedics and Pedodontics, Assmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Manlio Mandirola
- Department of Orthodontics, Dentofacial Orthopedics and Pedodontics, Assmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Saskia Preissner
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Assmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
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47
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Giovanella LB, Barletta FB, Felippe WT, Bruno KF, de Alencar AHG, Estrela C. Assessment of oxygen saturation in dental pulp of permanent teeth with periodontal disease. J Endod 2014; 40:1927-31. [PMID: 25282376 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In individuals with periodontal disease, dental pulp status should be determined before a treatment plan is made. Pulse oximeters are promising diagnostic tools to evaluate pulp vascularization. This study used pulse oximetry to determine the level of oxygen saturation in dental pulp of intact permanent teeth with periodontal attachment loss (PAL) and gingival recession (GR) and to evaluate the correlation between periodontal disease and level of oxygen saturation in the pulp. METHODS This study included 67 anterior teeth of 35 patients; all teeth showed intact crowns, PAL, a periodontal pocket (PP), and GR. The teeth underwent periodontal examination, cold and electric pulp testing, and pulse oximetry measurements. The Pearson correlation coefficient and a linear regression coefficient were calculated to evaluate the degree of correlation between periodontal disease markers (PAL, PP, and GR) and the level of oxygen saturation in dental pulp. These tests also evaluated possible associations between oxygen saturation and cold and electric pulp testing. RESULTS PAL, PP, and GR had negative correlations with oxygen saturation in dental pulp. Conversely, no statistically significant association was found between oxygen saturation in dental pulp and the response to electric sensibility testing. CONCLUSIONS Oxygen saturation was lower in the pulp of permanent teeth with PAL, PP, and GR, indicating that periodontal disease correlates with the level of oxygen saturation in the pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Bergesch Giovanella
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Branco Barletta
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Wilson Tadeu Felippe
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Kely Firmino Bruno
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Paulista, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Estrela
- Department of Stomatologic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Sabuncuoglu FA, Ersahan S. Changes in maxillary incisor dental pulp blood flow during intrusion by mini-implants. Acta Odontol Scand 2014; 72:489-96. [PMID: 24438561 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2013.867362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this clinical study was to identify changes in pulpal blood flow (PBF) in human central incisors resulting from short- and long-term intrusive orthodontic forces from mini-implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 40 sound upper central and lateral incisors in 20 patients scheduled for intrusion for orthodontic reasons were divided into two groups. From each group, 20 teeth were subjected to intrusive force from mini-implants (Group 1 = Light Force: 40 g; Group 2 = Heavy Force: 120 g), whereas the remaining 20 contralateral teeth were not subjected to forces from mini-implants and served as controls. Laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF) measurements were recorded at baseline and at 3 days and 3 weeks following intrusion. RESULTS PBF decreased significantly at 3 days (Light Force Group: 7.72 ± 0.50; Heavy Force Group: 7.72 ± 0.52) and then increased towards baseline at 3 weeks (Light Force Group: 10.37 ± 0.58; Heavy Force Group: 10.31 ± 0.45) following intrusion. CONCLUSIONS In other words, despite slight regressive changes in pulpal tissue in the short-term, PBF improved after 3 weeks following intrusion by mini-implants, indicating that the changes observed in PBF is reversible, even following radical incisor intrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidan Alakus Sabuncuoglu
- Department of Orthodontics, Center for Dental Sciences, Maresal Cakmak Hospital , Erzurum , Turkey
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49
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Changes in Dental Pulp Blood Flow of Different Maxillary Tooth Types After Le Fort I Osteotomy. J Craniofac Surg 2014; 25:e420-4. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000000920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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50
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Bruno KF, Barletta FB, Felippe WT, Silva JA, Gonçalves de Alencar AH, Estrela C. Oxygen Saturation in the Dental Pulp of Permanent Teeth: A Critical Review. J Endod 2014; 40:1054-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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