1
|
Camilleri J, Atmeh A, Li X, Meschi N. Present status and future directions: Hydraulic materials for endodontic use. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 3:710-777. [PMID: 35167119 PMCID: PMC9314068 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydraulic materials are used in Endodontics due to their hydration characteristics namely the formation of calcium hydroxide when mixing with water and also because of their hydraulic properties. These materials are presented in various consistencies and delivery methods. They are composed primarily of tricalcium and dicalcium silicate, and also include a radiopacifier, additives and an aqueous or a non-aqueous vehicle. Only materials whose primary reaction is with water can be classified as hydraulic. OBJECTIVES Review of the classification of hydraulic materials by Camilleri and the literature pertaining to specific uses of hydraulic cements in endodontics namely intra-coronal, intra-radicular and extra-radicular. Review of the literature on the material properties linked to specific uses providing the current status of these materials after which future trends and gaps in knowledge could be identified. METHODS The literature was reviewed using PUBMED, and for each clinical use, the in vitro properties such as physical, chemical, biological and antimicrobial characteristics and clinical data were extracted and evaluated. RESULTS A large number of publications were retrieved for each clinical use and these were grouped depending on the property type being investigated. CONCLUSIONS The hydraulic cements have made a difference in clinical outcomes. The main shortcoming is the poor testing methodologies employed which provide very limited information and also inhibits adequate clinical translation. Furthermore, the clinical protocols need to be updated to enable the materials to be employed effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josette Camilleri
- School of DentistryCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Amre Atmeh
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM)Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU)DubaiUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Oral Health SciencesBIOMAT – Biomaterials Research GroupKU Leuven and DentistryUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Nastaran Meschi
- Department of Oral Health SciencesBIOMAT – Biomaterials Research GroupKU Leuven and DentistryUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sankeerthana K, Karthikeyan K, Mahalaxmi S. Calcium hydroxide and niobium pentoxide treatment effects before MTA placement. AUST ENDOD J 2022; 49:48-55. [PMID: 35229927 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of calcium hydroxide (CH) and niobium pentoxide (NP) pretreatment on pH, dentin microhardness and sealing of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA; Angelus). The pH of CH, NP and CH-NP (3:1) was evaluated in neutral and acidic simulated tissue fluid over 28 days. The Vickers microhardness was measured in forty 4 mm coronal root slices filled with pretreatment materials stored in medium for 1, 7, 28 days. Forty 10 mm roots were packed with pretreatment materials, irrigated after 24 h, then a 3 mm MTA plug was placed. Sealing ability was evaluated after 7 days using fluid filtration method. Statistics was performed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD tests. Addition of NP to CH maintained the alkalinity of CH, increased the microhardness of root dentin and reduced the microleakage. CH-NP can be effectively used as a pretreatment medicament in root canals requiring placement of MTA under acidic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kolli Sankeerthana
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, India
| | - Kittappa Karthikeyan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, India
| | - Sekar Mahalaxmi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Song W, Sun W, Chen L, Yuan Z. In vivo Biocompatibility and Bioactivity of Calcium Silicate-Based Bioceramics in Endodontics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:580954. [PMID: 33195142 PMCID: PMC7658386 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.580954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endodontic therapy aims to preserve or repair the activity and function of pulp and periapical tissues. Due to their excellent biological features, a substantial number of calcium silicate-based bioceramics have been introduced into endodontics and simultaneously increased the success rate of endodontic treatment. The present manuscript describes the in vivo biocompatibility and bioactivity of four types of calcium silicate-based bioceramics in endodontics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Song
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenglin Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tirone F, Salzano S, Piattelli A, Perrotti V, Iezzi G. Response of periodontium to mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine: a pilot histological study on humans. Aust Dent J 2018; 63:231-241. [PMID: 29509293 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate for the first time the histological response of human periodontium to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine. METHODS Six patients scheduled for implant full-arch rehabilitation were randomly assigned to one of the two test groups: MTA or Biodentine treatment. For each patient, two teeth scheduled for strategic extraction were randomly assigned either to the test or to the control treatment. A lateral perforation was drilled on the root and either repaired with MTA/Biodentine or filled with gutta-percha(control). Three months later, the teeth were extracted along with the coronal third of the alveolar bone and a portion of gingival tissue, while performing implant placement, and processed for histological analysis. RESULTS Biodentine resulted in less extrusion into the periodontal environment. All the materials showed good biocompatibility. A new mineralized cementum-like tissue incorporating periodontal fibres was visible in all cases treated with MTA. A small amount of new mineralized tissue was found in two Biodentine cases but not in control cases. Biodentine resulted in less damage to the periodontal ligament. CONCLUSIONS Bioactivity and biocompatibility of MTA were confirmed in human models. Biodentine proved to be biocompatible, but it seems not to induce cementum regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Piattelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti-Pescara University 'G. D'Annunzio', Chieti, Italy.,University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Universidad Catolica de San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - V Perrotti
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti-Pescara University 'G. D'Annunzio', Chieti, Italy
| | - G Iezzi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti-Pescara University 'G. D'Annunzio', Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Torabinejad M, Parirokh M, Dummer PMH. Mineral trioxide aggregate and other bioactive endodontic cements: an updated overview - part II: other clinical applications and complications. Int Endod J 2017; 51:284-317. [PMID: 28846134 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a dental material used extensively for vital pulp therapies (VPT), protecting scaffolds during regenerative endodontic procedures, apical barriers in teeth with necrotic pulps and open apices, perforation repairs as well as root canal filling and root-end filling during surgical endodontics. A number of bioactive endodontic cements (BECs) have recently been introduced to the market. Most of these materials have calcium and silicate in their compositions; however, bioactivity is a common property of these cements. These materials include the following: BioAggregate, Biodentine, BioRoot RCS, calcium-enriched mixture cement, Endo-CPM, Endocem, EndoSequence, EndoBinder, EndoSeal MTA, iRoot, MicroMega MTA, MTA Bio, MTA Fillapex, MTA Plus, Neo MTA Plus, Ortho MTA, Quick-Set, Retro MTA, Tech Biosealer, and TheraCal LC. It has been claimed that these materials have properties similar to those of MTA but without the drawbacks. In Part I of this review, the available information on the chemical composition of the materials listed above was reviewed and their applications for VPT was discussed. In this article, the clinical applications of MTA and other BECs will be reviewed for apexification, regenerative endodontics, perforation repair, root canal filling, root-end filling, restorative procedures, periodontal defects and treatment of vertical and horizontal root fractures. In addition, the literature regarding the possible drawbacks of these materials following their clinical applications is reviewed. These drawbacks include their discolouration potential, systemic effects and retreatability following use as a root filling material. Based on selected keywords, all publications were searched regarding the use of MTA as well as BECs for the relevant clinical applications. Numerous publications were found regarding the use of BECs for various endodontic applications. The majority of these investigations compared BECs with MTA. Despite promising results for some materials, the number of publications using BECs for various clinical applications was limited. Furthermore, most studies had several methodological shortcomings and low levels of evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Torabinejad
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - M Parirokh
- Endodontology Research Center, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - P M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bacterial colonization in the apical part of extracted human teeth following root-end resection and filling: a confocal laser scanning microscopy study. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:267-274. [PMID: 28349219 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate Enterococcus faecalis colonization at the apical part of root canals following root-end resection and filling using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). MATERIALS AND METHODS The apical 3-mm root-ends of 55 extracted single rooted human teeth were resected, and 3-mm retrograde cavities were prepared and filled using either mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), intermediate restorative material (IRM), or Biodentine (n = 10 each); 25 teeth served as controls. The roots were placed in an experimental model, sterilized, and coronally filled with E. faecalis bacterial suspension for 21 days. Then, the apical 3-mm segments were cut to get two slabs (coronal and apical). The slabs were stained using LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit and evaluated using CLSM. RESULTS The fluorescence-stained areas were larger in the bucco-lingual directions compared with the mesio-distal directions (p < 0.05). The mean and maximal depths of bacterial colonization into the dentinal tubules were 755 and 1643 μm, respectively, with no differences between the root-end filling materials (p > 0.05). However, more live bacteria were found in the MTA group in comparison to IRM and Biodentine groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS CLSM can be used to histologically demonstrate bacterial root-end colonization following root-end filling. This colonization at the filling-dentine interfaces and deeper into the dentinal tubules may be inhomogeneous, favoring the bucco-lingual aspects of the root. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Following root-end resection and filling bacterial colonization may lead to inflammatory reactions at the periapical tissues; the viability of the colonized bacteria may be affected by the type of root-end filling material.
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Jonasson P, Lennholm C, Kvist T. Retrograde root canal treatment: a prospective case series. Int Endod J 2016; 50:515-521. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Jonasson
- Department of Endodontology; Institute of Odontology; Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - C. Lennholm
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology; Institute of Odontology; Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - T. Kvist
- Department of Endodontology; Institute of Odontology; Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Singh S, Podar R, Dadu S, Kulkarni G, Purba R. Solubility of a new calcium silicate-based root-end filling material. J Conserv Dent 2015; 18:149-53. [PMID: 25829696 PMCID: PMC4379657 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.153053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare solubility of a new calcium silicate-based cement, Biodentine with three commonly used root-end filling materials viz. glass-ionomer cement (GIC), intermediate restorative material (IRM), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty stainless steel ring molds were filled with cements corresponding to four groups (n = 5). The weight of 20 dried glass bottles was recorded. Samples were transferred to bottles containing 5 ml of distilled water and stored for 24 h. The bottles were dried at 105C and weighed. This procedure was repeated for 3, 10, 30, and 60 days. Data was analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (P < 0.05). RESULTS Biodentine demonstrated significantly higher solubility than MTA for 30- and 60-day immersion periods. Statistical difference was noted between the solubility values of Biodentine samples amongst each of the five time intervals. CONCLUSIONS Biodentine exhibited higher solubility in comparison with all other cements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shishir Singh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Terna Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajesh Podar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Terna Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shifali Dadu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Terna Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gaurav Kulkarni
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Terna Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rucheet Purba
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Terna Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Comparison of Quick-Set and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Root-end Fillings for the Regeneration of Apical Tissues in Dogs. J Endod 2015; 41:248-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
11
|
Viapiana R, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Hungaro-Duarte MA, Tanomaru-Filho M, Camilleri J. Chemical characterization and bioactivity of epoxy resin and Portland cement-based sealers with niobium and zirconium oxide radiopacifiers. Dent Mater 2014; 30:1005-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
12
|
Viapiana R, Flumignan DL, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Camilleri J, Tanomaru-Filho M. Physicochemical and mechanical properties of zirconium oxide and niobium oxide modified Portland cement-based experimental endodontic sealers. Int Endod J 2013; 47:437-48. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Viapiana
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; São Paulo State University (UNESP); Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - D. L. Flumignan
- São Paulo Federal Institute of Education; Science and Technology - IFSP; Matão SP Brazil
| | - J. M. Guerreiro-Tanomaru
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; São Paulo State University (UNESP); Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - J. Camilleri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Faculty of Dental Surgery; University of Malta; Msida Malta
| | - M. Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara Dental School; São Paulo State University (UNESP); Araraquara SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Saxena P, Gupta SK, Newaskar V. Biocompatibility of root-end filling materials: recent update. Restor Dent Endod 2013; 38:119-27. [PMID: 24010077 PMCID: PMC3761119 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2013.38.3.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of a root-end filling is to establish a seal between the root canal space and the periradicular tissues. As root-end filling materials come into contact with periradicular tissues, knowledge of the tissue response is crucial. Almost every available dental restorative material has been suggested as the root-end material of choice at a certain point in the past. This literature review on root-end filling materials will evaluate and comparatively analyse the biocompatibility and tissue response to these products, with primary focus on newly introduced materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Payal Saxena
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Katsamakis S, Slot DE, Van der Sluis LWM, Van der Weijden F. Histological responses of the periodontium to MTA: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2013; 40:334-44. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sokratis Katsamakis
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Else Slot
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Luc W. M. Van der Sluis
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Paul Sabatier University; Toulouse France
| | - Fridus Van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center for Dentistry (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Clinic for Periodontology; Utrecht The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|