Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis, characterization and DNA binding studies of Ru(II) complexes with the chelating N-donor ligand and preparing of RuO2 nanoparticles by the easy method of calcination

Single Atom-Dispersed Silver Incorporated in ZIF-8-Derived Porous Carbon for Enhanced Photothermal Activity and Antibacterial Activities

Purpose

Recently, Single-atom-loaded carbon-based material is a new environmentally friendly and stable photothermal antibacterial nanomaterial. It is still a great challenge to achieve single-atom loading on carbon materials.

Materials and Methods

Herein, We doped single-atom Ag into ZIF-8-derived porous carbon to obtain Ag-doped ZIF-8-derived porous carbon(AgSA-ZDPC). The as-prepared samples were characterized by XRD, XPS, FESEM, EDX, TEM, and HAADF-STEM which confirmed that the single-atom Ag successfully doped into the porous carbon. Further, the photothermal properties and antimicrobial activity of AgSA-ZDPC have been tested.

Results

The results showed that the temperature increased by 30 °C after near-infrared light irradiation(1 W/cm2) for 5 min which was better than ZIF-8-derived porous carbon(ZDPC). It also exhibits excellent photothermal stability after the laser was switched on and off 5 times. When the AgSA-ZDPC concentration was greater than 50 µg/mL and the near-infrared irradiation was performed for 5 min, the growth inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli was almost 100%.

Conclusion

This work provides a simple method for the preparation of single-atom Ag-doped microporous carbon which has potential antibacterial application.

Molten Salt-Derived RuO2 Nanocrystals and Nanowires: Unveiling Correlations of Morphology, Microstructure, and Electrocatalytic Performance

Ruthenium oxide (RuO2), due to its comparable binding energy with *H and cost-effectiveness against Pt, has emerged as a pivotal electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In the present study, RuO2 nanocrystals (NCs) and nanowires (NWs) were obtained by a molten salt process and the morphology, crystal structure, and local bonding features were examined by using electron microscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. From the electrochemical measurement, both RuO2 NCs and NWs exhibit favorable stability and activity toward oxygen evolution reaction in an alkali medium, althought NCs exhibit higher activity, which is likely attributed to the larger surface area and the high local structural disorder. The theoretical calculation reveals that RuO2 NWs with a primary (110) orientation show a higher overpotential due to its d-band center's proximity to the Fermi level versus (101). The present work suggests that the molten salt process could be an efficient method for producing metal oxide catalysts with tailorable geometry and performances.

Bifunctional P-Containing RuO2 Catalysts Prepared from Surplus Ru Co-Ordination Complexes and Applied to Zn/Air Batteries

An innovative synthetic route that involves the thermal treatment of selected Ru co-ordination complexes was used to prepare RuO₂-based materials with catalytic activity for oxygen reduction (ORR) and oxygen evolution (OER) reactions. Extensive characterization confirmed the presence of Ru metal and RuP₃O₉ in the materials, with an improved electrocatalytic performance obtained from calcinated [(RuCl₂(PPh₃)₃]. A mechanistic approach for the obtention of such singular blends and for the synergetic contribution of these three species to electrocatalysis is suggested. Catalysts added to carbon-based electrodes were also tested in all-solid and flooded alkaline Zn/air batteries. The former displayed a specific discharge capacity of 10.5 A h g^-1 at 250 mA g^-1 and a power density of 4.4 kW kg^-1 cm^-2. Besides, more than 800 discharge/charge cycles were reached in the flooded alkaline Zn/air battery.

Biosynthesis and Characterization of Co3O4NPs Utilizing Prickly Pear Fruit Extract and its Biological Activities

In the current research, there is a low level of research and information about the interaction of cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4NPs) in biological systems. This research creates a very simple and cost-effective preparation of cobalt oxide nanoparticles by using prickly pear fruit extract as a reducing agent, which may be further used for biological applications like antimicrobial, antioxidant, DNA interaction and in-vitro anticancer activity. The use of prickly pear fruit extract acts as a good reducing agent and is responsible for easy preparation and reducing the toxicity of cobalt oxide nanoparticles. The fabricated biogenic nanoparticles were confirmed by microscopic and spectroscopic analytical techniques like Ultra Violet-Visible spectrometer, Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction Method (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The average size of the synthesized nanoparticles is 36.24 nm. In the MTT assay, the prepared cobalt oxide NPs haspotential mechanisms of cytotoxicity and in-vitro anticancer activity in Hepatocellular carcinoma cancer cells (HepG2). The microbial activities like antibacterial and antifungal studies of the biosynthesized nanoparticles were performed by the Disc method. The Co3O4NPs with DNA interaction were examined by UV-Visible and fluorescence spectroscopic methods. The binding constant value of biogenic Co3O4NPs with CT-DNA was observed by UV-Visible spectroscopy with a result of 2.57x105mol-1. The binding parameters and quenching constants were observed by fluorescence spectroscopic methods having values of Ksv=7.1x103, kq=7.1x108, Ka=3.47.1x105, n=0.9119. From the findings, Co3O4NPs may be utilized as a medicinal aid for their antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, DNA binding and in-vitro anticancer activities.

Ten-Gram-Scale Mechanochemical Synthesis of Ternary Lanthanum Coordination Polymers for Antibacterial and Antitumor Activities

As rare-earth coordination polymers (CPs) have appreciable antimicrobial properties, ternary lanthanum CPs have been widely synthesized and investigated in recent years. Here, we report convenient, solvent-free reactions between the lanthanum salt and two ligands at mild temperatures that form ternary lanthanum nanoscale CPs with 10-gram-scale. The structural features and morphologies were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible (UV–Vis), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), elemental analysis, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and analyzer, and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyzer (TG-DTA). Furthermore, the in vitro antibacterial activities of these ternary hybrids were studied using the zone of inhibition (ZOI) method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) and were found to have excellent antibacterial properties. The in vitro antitumor activities were performed in determining the absorbance values by CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) assay. This facile synthetic method would potentially enable the mass production of ternary lanthanum CPs at room temperature, which can be promising candidates as antibacterial compounds and antitumor agents.

A Type of MOF-Derived Porous Carbon with Low Cost as an Efficient Catalyst for Phenol Hydroxylation

Using MOF-5 as a template, the porous carbon (MDPC-600) possessing high specific surface area was obtained after carbonization and acid washing. After MDPC-600 was loaded with Cu ions, the catalyst Cu/MDPC-600 was acquired by heat treatment under nitrogen atmosphere. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), N2 physical adsorption (BET), field emission electron microscope (SEM), energy spectrum, and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the Cu/MDPC-600 catalyst prepared by using MOF-5 as the template has a very high specific surface area, and Cu is uniformly supported on the carrier. The catalytic hydrogen peroxide oxidation reaction of phenol hydroxylation was investigated and exhibits better catalytic activity and stability in the phenol hydroxylation reaction. The catalytic effect was best when the reaction temperature was 80°C, the reaction time was 2 h, and the amount of catalyst was 0.05 g. The conversion rate of phenol was 47.6%; the yield and selectivity of catechol were 37.8% and 79.4%, respectively. The activity of the catalyst changes little after three cycles of use.

Recent advances in Cu(II)/Cu(I)-MOFs based nano-platforms for developing new nano-medicines

With increasing world population, life-span of humans and spread of viruses, myriad of diseases in human beings are becoming more and more common. Because of the interesting chemical and framework versatility and porosity of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) they find application in varied areas viz. catalysis, sensing, metal ion/gas storage, chemical separation, drug delivery, bio-imaging. This subclass of coordination polymers having interesting three-dimensional framework exhibits inordinate potential and hence may find application in treatment and cure of cancer, diabetes Alzheimer's and other diseases. The presented review focuses on the diverse mechanism of action, unique biological activity and advantages of copper-based metal organic framework (MOF) nanomaterials in medicine. Also, different methods used in the treatment of cancer and other diseases have been presented and the applications as well as efficacy of copper MOFs have been reviewed and discussed. Eventually, the current-status and potential of copper based MOFs in the field of anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer therapy as well as further investigations going on for this class of MOF-based multifunctional nanostructures in for developing new nano-medicines have been presented.

Recent advances in MOF-based nanoplatforms generating reactive species for chemodynamic therapy

Still today, cancer remains a threat to human health. Possible common treatments to cure this disease include chemotherapy (CT), radiotherapy (RT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and surgical resection, which give unreasonable results because of their limited efficiency and also lead to side-effects. Hence, different strategies are now being exploited to not only enhance the efficiency of these traditional therapeutic methods or treat the tumor cells but also curtail the side effects. A latest method with authentic proof of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) utilizing the Fenton reaction is now gaining importance. This approach, which is developed based on the high level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in a tumor microenvironment (TME), can be used to catalyze the Fenton reaction to generate cancer cell-killing reactive oxygen species (ROS). The selection of materials is extremely important and nanomaterials offer the most likely method to facilitate CDT. Among various materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) which have been extensively applied in medical areas are regarded as a promising material and possess potential for the next generation of nanotechnology. This review focuses on summarizing the use of MOFs in CDT and their synergetic therapeutics as well as the challenges, obstacles, and development.