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Sun J, Wang Z, Liu N, Liu Z, Cui L, Tao X, Chen W, Gao S, Wu Z. Pharmacokinetic assessment of tacrolimus in combination with deoxyschizandrin in rats. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1344369. [PMID: 38903992 PMCID: PMC11188489 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1344369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tacrolimus (Tac) is commonly used for postoperative immunosuppressive therapy in transplant patients. However, problems, for example, low bioavailability and unstable plasma concentration, persist for a long time, Studies have reported that the deoxyschizandrin could effectively improve these problems, but the pharmacokinetic parameters (PKs) of Tac combined with deoxyschizandrin are still unknown. Method In this study, an UHPLC-MS/MS method has been established for simultaneous quantitation of Tac and deoxyschizandrin. The PKs of Tac influenced by different doses of deoxyschizandrin after single and multiple administrations were analyzed, and the different impact of deoxyschizandrin and Wuzhi capsule on PKs of Tac were compared. Result The modified UHPLC-MS/MS method could rapid quantification of Tac and deoxyschizandrin within 2 min using bifendatatum as the internal standard (IS). All items were successfully validated. The C max of deoxyschizandrin increased from 148.27 ± 23.20 to 229.13 ± 54.77 ng/mL in rats after multiple administrations for 12 days. After co-administration of 150 mg/mL deoxyschizandrin, Tac had an earlier T max and greater C max and AUC0-t, and the C max and AUC0-t of Tac increased from 14.26 ± 4.73 to 54.48 ± 14.37 ng/mL and from 95.10 ± 32.61 to 315.23 ± 92.22 h/ng/mL, respectively; this relationship was positively proportional to the dosage of deoxyschizandrin. In addition, compared with Wuzhi capsule, the same dose of deoxyschizandrin has a better effective on Tac along with more stable overall PKs. Conclusion An UHPLC-MS/MS method was established and validated for simultaneous detection of deoxyschizandrin and Tac. Deoxyschizandrin could improve the in vivo exposure level and stability of Tac, besides, this effect is better than Wuzhi capsule in same dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Liu
- The Fourth Retired Veteran Cadre’s Sanatorium of Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouhong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhijun Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Yu B, Sheng D, Tan Q. Determination of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation Huganpian Tablet by RP-HPLC. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:713-716. [PMID: 31006725 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A reverse phase (RP)-HPLC method for separation and determination of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B was presented, using a C18 Bondclone column, with methanol-water (v/v = 68 : 32) as mobile phase at a flow-rate of 1.00 mL·min-1, and UV detection at 220 nm. The tested parameters included mobile phase composition and UV detection wavelength. Good linearities were observed within concentration ranges of Schisandrin A 0.008-4.8 mg·L-1 (r = 0.9996), and Schisandrin B 0.005-3.1 mg·L-1 (r = 0.9994), respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) (S/N = 3) were 0.005 mg·L-1 Schisandrin A and 0.002 mg·L-1 Schisandrin B, respectively. The method was applied to determine the 2 compounds in a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treatment of hepatic diseases, Huganpian tablet. To eliminate matrix effect, Oasis hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) solid-phase extraction (SPE) was used to purify the ultra-sonicately extracted solution of the drug sample. Combined with the HLB SPE purification procedure, the HPLC method gave satisfactory results for quantitation of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in 3 types of Huganpian tablet samples, with spiking recoveries ca. 98% (relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) ≤ 3.5%) (n = 5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingsheng Yu
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering School, Lingnan Normal University
| | - Dongdi Sheng
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering School, Lingnan Normal University
| | - Qiumin Tan
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering School, Lingnan Normal University
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Determination of Lignans in Schisandra sphenanthera and Schisandra chinensis Using Ionic Liquid-based Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction and High-performance Liquid Chromatography. Chem Res Chin Univ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-018-8306-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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4
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Cao X, Xing X, Wei H, Lu W, Wei W. Extraction method and anti-cancer evaluation of two lignans from Phyllanthus Niruri L. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2212-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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5
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Piao J, Liu L, Wang S, Shang HB, He M, Quan N, Li D. Magnetic separation coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for rapid separation and determination of lignans in Schisandra chinensis. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:2056-2063. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jishou Piao
- Department of Chemistry; Yanbian University; Yanji China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecular; Ministry of Education; Yanbian University; Yanji China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Yanbian University; Yanji China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecular; Ministry of Education; Yanbian University; Yanji China
| | - Sihong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecular; Ministry of Education; Yanbian University; Yanji China
- Analysis and Inspection Center; Yanbian University; Yanji China
| | - Hai-Bo Shang
- Department of Chemistry; Yanbian University; Yanji China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecular; Ministry of Education; Yanbian University; Yanji China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Chemistry; Yanbian University; Yanji China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecular; Ministry of Education; Yanbian University; Yanji China
| | - Ninghai Quan
- Department of Chemistry; Yanbian University; Yanji China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecular; Ministry of Education; Yanbian University; Yanji China
| | - Donghao Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecular; Ministry of Education; Yanbian University; Yanji China
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Zhao A, Zhang L, Li R, Shang J, Yi H, Wang Y, Zhang D, Wang S, Fang M. Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of seven constituents in rat plasma and application in a pharmacokinetic study of the Zaoren Anshen prescription. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [PMID: 28744886 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive, specific and accurate liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of seven constituents of the Zaoren Anshen prescription (ZAP) in rat plasma after oral administration of the ZAP: spinosin, salvianic acid A, 6'''-feruloylspinosin, protocatechualdehyde, salvianolic acid B, schisandrin and deoxyschisandrin. The plasma samples and the internal standard (IS) sulfamethoxazole were extracted using acetonitrile. Chromatographic separation was performed with an Agilent HC-C18 column using a gradient elution profile and a mobile phase consisting of 0.01% formic acid in water (A) and acetonitrile (B). The analytes were quantified simultaneously in a single run using an ion trap mass spectrometer operated in the multiple reaction monitoring mode and electrospray ion-source polarity in the positive and negative modes. The calibration curves for spinosin, salvianic acid A, 6'''-feruloylspinosin, protocatechualdehyde, salvianolic acid B, schisandrin and deoxyschisandrin were linear over the concentration ranges of 2.90-1160, 2.50-1000, 1.80-720, 0.65-260, 2.50-1000, 8.00-1600 and 1.30-520 ng/mL, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precisions in terms of relative standard deviation were <18.9%, and the accuracies in terms of relative error were within ±14.2%. Consequently, the proposed method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic analysis of these seven major active compounds in rats administered ZAP. These results will facilitate research aiming to predict the effectiveness of the optimal dose of ZAP and might be beneficial for the therapeutic use of ZAP in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiao Shang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huihui Yi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Minfeng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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Liu Y, Zhang D, Wang Y, Zhang W, Liu X. Study on the pharmacokinetics of deoxyschizandrin and schizandrin in combination with epigallocatechin gallate, a component of green tea, in rats. Xenobiotica 2017; 48:412-421. [PMID: 28471331 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1326187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
1. Green tea is commonly used worldwide due to its potential positive health benefits. We have examined the effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the most abundant catechin in green tea, on the pharmacokinetics of deoxyschizandrin (DSD) and schizandrin (SD), which are the representative lignans in popular traditional Chinese medicines Fructus schisandrae, in rats. 2. The effects on the transport in Caco-2 cells and metabolism in human liver microsomes (HLMs) of DSD and SD by EGCG were determined to analyze their interactions thoroughly. 3. In pharmacokinetic studies, rats were divided into four groups. Each group was orally treated with DSD alone (Group 1), DSD combined with EGCG (Group 2), SD alone (Group 3) and SD combined with EGCG (Group 4). The pharmacokinetic parameters of DSD and SD in rats were determined by UPLC-MS/MS. 4. The in vivo results indicated that EGCG had no significant influence on the pharmacokinetic behaviors of DSD or SD in rats, which were in accordance with the in vitro transport and metabolism studies. However, there were marked differences between male and female rats among Cmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-∞ of DSD and SD. This disparity suggested that gender differences might exist in the pharmacokinetic processes of DSD or SD in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- a Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Dong Zhang
- a Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Yingli Wang
- a Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- a Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- a Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
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8
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Kang D, Shao Y, Yin X, Xiao J, Rao T, Shen B, Chen H, Zhu Z, Wang G, Liang Y. Bioanalytical assay development and validation for simultaneous quantification of five schisandra lignans in rat primary hepatocytes based on LC-MS/MS: application to a real-time uptake study for Schisandra Lignan Extract. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dian Kang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yuhao Shao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Xiaoxi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Jingcheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Tai Rao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Boyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Zhangpei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing 210009 China
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9
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Dong W, Yu S, Deng Y, Pan T. Screening of lignan patterns in Schisandra species using ultrasonic assisted temperature switch ionic liquid microextraction followed by UPLC-MS/MS analysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1008:45-49. [PMID: 26625336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The ultrasonic assisted temperature-switch ionic liquid microextraction (UATS-ILME) has been successfully applied in extracting of seven lignans from Schisandra. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4MIM][BF4]) aqueous solution was selected for extracting the target analytes in raw material at 80°C. The lignans were deposited into a single drop by in situ forming 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4MIM][PF6]) by cooling down to 0°C and centrifuging for 10min. The extracts were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) in a robust multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode in five minutes. Meanwhile, the proposed method was validated and successfully applied to the determination of seven lignans in twelve Schisandra species. The results indicated that UATS-ILME combined with UPLC-MS/MS is a powerful and practical tool, which has great potential for comprehensive quality control of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining and Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, PR China.
| | - Shuijing Yu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining and Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Yangwu Deng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining and Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Tao Pan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining and Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, PR China
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Cheng Z, Song H, Yang Y, Zhou H, Liu Y, Liu Z. Smashing Tissue Extraction of Five Lignans From the Fruit of Schisandra chinensis. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 54:246-56. [PMID: 26254462 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmv116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis is one of the most famous herbal medicines in China, Korea and Japan. It has been widely used as a tonic, sedative, anti-aging and astringent agent. Lignans are one of its main bioactive components. The classical methods for extracting lignans, however, were tedious and energy-consuming. With the aim to develop an effective extraction method of lignans, the smashing tissue extraction (STE) technique was adopted and optimized in this study. Extraction conditions of STE have been optimized by the response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design. Results showed that 75% aqueous ethanol was the optimal extraction solvent, and the other optimal conditions were as follows: extraction voltage of 180 V, extraction time of 1 min, solid-liquid ratio of 1 : 19 and sample particle size of 120 mesh. Under these optimized conditions, the total content of the five lignans (Schisandrol A, Schisantherin A, Deoxyschisandrin, Schisandrin B and Schisandrin C) in S. chinensis collected from Baishan City located in the northeast of China was 13.89 ± 0.014 mg/g, which was well matched with the value predicted by the model. Other techniques, including heat reflux, Soxhlet, ultrasonic-assisted and microwave-assisted extraction, were further compared. Results suggested that STE had the highest extraction efficiency of lignans with the shortest time. It indicates that the approach proposed in this study is a simple and efficient technique for the extraction of lignans in S. chinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Cheng
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Haiyan Song
- Laboratory of Test Center, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Yingjie Yang
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Hongli Zhou
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
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Wei H, Miao H, Yun Y, Li J, Qian X, Wu R, Chen W. Validation of an LC-MS/MS method for quantitative analysis of the 5 bioactive components of Wuzhi capsule in human plasma samples. Ther Drug Monit 2015; 36:781-8. [PMID: 25392942 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wuzhi capsule (WZC) is an ethanol extract from the ripe fruit of Schisandra sphenanthera in traditional Chinese medicine that has long been used to treat viral and drug-induced hepatitis in China. The principal active components in WZC are Schisandra lignans. The clinical pharmacokinetics of these components in the form of an oral WZC preparation is unknown. To optimize the WZC dosage and develop WZC-related combination therapies, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive pharmacokinetic study of the Schisandra lignans. METHODS A method was developed for simultaneous quantification of multiple bioactive lignans in WZC in human plasma through liquid-liquid extraction followed by multiple reaction monitoring liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with positive-mode electrospray ionization. The 5 bioactive constituents were separated by isocratic elution using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile, methanol, and 0.1% aqueous formic acid at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The total run time was 3.5 minutes. RESULTS All analytes showed good linearity over a wide concentration range with a lower limit of quantification at 0.5 ng/mL. Using this method, we determined the 5 bioactive lignans in WZC from human plasma simultaneously and performed a pharmacokinetic study on the Schisandra lignans in healthy volunteers. CONCLUSIONS Owing to simplicity, quickness, high sensitivity, and selectivity, and a sufficient lower limit of detection of the new liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method, it may be used as a routine technique for clinical monitoring of WZC, and for understanding interactions between herbal and conventional drug therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Antioxidant properties of pyroligneous acid obtained by thermochemical conversion of Schisandra chinensis Baill. Molecules 2014; 19:20821-38. [PMID: 25514224 PMCID: PMC6271419 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191220821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustainable development of renewable resources is a major challenge globally. Biomass is an important renewable energy source and an alternative to fossil fuels. Pyrolysis of biomass is a promising method for simultaneous production of biochar, bio-oil, pyroligneous acid (PA), and gaseous fuels. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pyrolysis process and products yields of Schisandra chinensis fruits with different pyrolysis powers. The obtained PA was extracted with organic solvents, including ethyl formate, dichloromethane, methanol and tetrahydrofuran. The antioxidant activities, including the free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing power, of the PA extracts were investigated. The synthetic antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene were used as positive controls. A dichloromethane extract of PA showed excellent antioxidant properties compared to the other extracts. The chemical compositions of the PA extracts were determined by GC-MS, and further proved that the dichloromethane extract had the best antioxidant characteristics among the extracts tested.
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Xu H, He T, Zhao Z, Chang X, Wang F, Wang X. Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies on the Adsorption of Lignans fromSchisandra chinensisby Commercial Macroporous Resins. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2014.968263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Two solid-phase recycling method for basic ionic liquid [C4mim]Ac by macroporous resin and ion exchange resin from Schisandra chinensis fruits extract. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 976-977:1-5. [PMID: 25463641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two solid-phase recycling method for basic ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C4mim]Ac) were studied through a digestion extraction system of extracting biphenyl cyclooctene lignans from Schisandra chinensis. The RP-HPLC detection method for [C4mim]Ac was established in order to investigate the recovery efficiency of IL. The recycling method of [C4mim]Ac is divided into two steps, the first step was the separation of lignans from the IL solution containing HPD 5000 macroporous resin, the recovery efficiency and purity of [C4mim]Ac achieved were 97.8% and 67.7%, respectively. This method cannot only separate the lignans from [C4mim]Ac solution, also improve the purity of lignans, the absorption rate of lignans in [C4mim]Ac solution was found to be higher (69.2%) than that in ethanol solution (57.7%). The second step was the purification of [C4mim]Ac by the SK1B strong acid ion exchange resin, an [C4mim]Ac recovery efficiency of 55.9% and the purity higher than 90% were achieved. Additionally, [C4mim]Ac as solvent extraction of lignans from S. chinensis was optimized, the hydrolysis temperature was 90°C and the hydrolysis time was 2h.
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Cheng Z, Yang Y, Liu Y, Liu Z, Zhou H, Hu H. Two-steps extraction of essential oil, polysaccharides and biphenyl cyclooctene lignans from Schisandra chinensis Baill fruits. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 96:162-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Sun X, Zhang P, Wu X, Wu Q, Zhang M, An Y, Shi G. Simultaneous determination of calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside, calycosin, formononetin, astragaloside IV and schisandrin in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS: application to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Shenqi Wuwei chewable tablets. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:1118-25. [PMID: 24652759 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A rapid, sensitive and reliable high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of the five main bioactive components, calycosin, calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside, formononetin, astragaloside IV and schisandrin in rat plasma after oral administration of Shenqi Wuwei chewable tablets. Plasma samples were extracted using solid-phase extraction separated on a CEC18 column and detected by MS with an electrospray ionization interface in multiple-reaction monitoring mode. Calibration curves offered linear ranges of two orders of magnitude with r > 0.995. The method had a lower limit of quantitation of 0.1, 0.02, 0.1, 1 and 0.1 ng/mL for calycosin, calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside, formononetin, astragaloside IV and schisandrin, respectively. Intra- and inter-day precisions (relative standard deviation) for all analytes ranged from 0.97 to 7.63% and from 3.45 to 10.89%, respectively. This method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of the five compounds in rats after oral administration of Shenqi Wuwei chewable tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, No. 83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110840, People's Republic of China
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Identification of metabolites of deoxyschizandrin in rats by UPLC–Q-TOF-MS/MS based on multiple mass defect filter data acquisition and multiple data processing techniques. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 949-950:115-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Lee KY, Shin YJ, Kim DH, Park JH, Kim SH, Han SB, Sung SH. Micelle-Mediated Extraction of Dibenzocyclooctadiene Lignans from Schisandra chinensis with Analysis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 52:745-50. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmt088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Xu H, Gan J, Liu X, Wu R, Jin Y, Li M, Yuan B. Gender-dependent pharmacokinetics of lignans in rats after single and multiple oral administration of Schisandra chinensis extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 147:224-231. [PMID: 23501155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schisandra chinensis (S. chinensis), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used as sedatives and tonics in clinic. Schisandra lignans are believed to be the major bioactive components in S. chinensis. However, there is a lack of information about the effects of gender and repeated-dose on the pharmacokinetic properties of the schisandra lignans. AIM OF THE STUDY The study was performed to investigate the influence of gender on the pharmacokinetics of schisandra lignans after administration of S. chinensis extract and to compare their pharmacokinetic behaviors between single and multiple administration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two groups of rats (half male and half female) were received a single dose or multiple doses of S. chinensis extract, respectively. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated to determine the plasma concentrations of schisandra lignans. RESULTS The pharmacokinetic parameters of schisandrin, schisandrol B, deoxyschisandrin, γ-schisandrin and schisantherin A were significantly different by gender difference. The t1/2 of all the tested schisandra lignans in female rats were 2-9 times longer than the corresponding values in male rats. The Cmax and AUC0-t of these schisandra lignans except schisantherin A in female rats were 5-50 times higher than those in male rats. The pharmacokinetic profiles of schisandrin, schisandrol B, deoxyschisandrin and schisantherin A in both gender rats after multiple doses were similar to the corresponding profile after single dose. CONCLUSION All the tested schisandra lignans showed slower elimination and higher bioavailability in female rats after single or multiple administration of S. chinensis extract compared with male rats. Their pharmacokinetic profiles were not affected by repeated-dose except γ-schisandrin, which was eliminated more slowly in female rats after multiple administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy School, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Guo YX, Han J, Zhang DY, Wang LH, Zhou LL. Aqueous two-phase system coupled with ultrasound for the extraction of lignans from seeds of Schisandra chinensis (turcz.) Baill. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2013; 20:125-132. [PMID: 22668796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study the potential use of an aqueous two phase system (ATPS) coupled with ultrasound for the extraction of lignans from Schisandra chinensis seeds was evaluated and optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The main bioactive components, schizandrin (SA), schisantherin A (SAA) and deoxyschizandrin (DSA) were selected as markers. The partitioning behavior of lignans in different salt-types of ATPS was compared. The optimization ATPS of 25% (w/w) (NH(4))(2)SO(4) and 19% (w/w) ethanol were selected based on their higher upper phase partitioning coefficient (>74) and the recovery (>93%) for three markers. Using the optimized ATPS solvent, the RMS results showed 20:1 of solvent:solid, 800 W and 61.1 min were the optimal ultrasound assisted extraction conditions, under which 13.10mg/g SA, 1.87 mg/g SAA and 1.84 mg/g DSA were recovered in the upper phase, whereas the wasted stigmas accumulated in the lower phase. Compared with 80% ethanol (v/v) ultrasonic extraction, similar yields were obtained, but the present method exhibited higher extraction purity for the selective extraction of lignans from S. chinensis seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
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A new approach to catalytic hydrolysis of ester-bound biphenyl cyclooctene lignans from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis Baill by ion exchange resin. Chem Eng Res Des 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2011.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Enrichment and purification of deoxyschizandrin and γ-schizandrin from the extract of Schisandra chinensis fruit by macroporous resins. Molecules 2012; 17:3510-23. [PMID: 22430118 PMCID: PMC6268366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17033510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In present study, the performance and separation characteristics of 21 macroporous resins for the enrichment and purification of deoxyschizandrin and γ-schizandrin, the two major lignans from Schisandra chinensis extracts, were evaluated. According to our results, HPD5000, which adsorbs by the molecular tiers model, was the best macroporous resin, offering higher adsorption and desorption capacities and higher adsorption speed for deoxyschizandrin and γ-schizandrin than other resins. Columns packed with HPD5000 resin were used to perform dynamic adsorption and desorption tests to optimize the technical parameters of the separation process. The results showed that the best adsorption time is 4 h, the rate of adsorption is 0.85 mL/min (4 BV/h) and the rate of desorption is 0.43 mL/min (2 BV/h). After elution with 90% ethanol, the purity of deoxy-schizandrin increased 12.62-fold from 0.37% to 4.67%, the purity of γ-schizandrin increased 15.8-fold from 0.65% to 10.27%, and the recovery rate was more than 80%.
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Ma CH, Liu TT, Yang L, Zu YG, Yang FJ, Zhao CJ, Zhang L, Zhang ZH. Preparation of high purity biphenyl cyclooctene lignans from Schisandra extract by ion exchange resin catalytic transformation combined with macroporous resin separation. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:3444-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ma CH, Liu TT, Yang L, Zu YG, Chen X, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhao C. Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of essential oil and biphenyl cyclooctene lignans from Schisandra chinensis Baill fruits. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8573-80. [PMID: 22018714 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction (ILMAE) has been successfully applied in extracting essential oil and four kinds of biphenyl cyclooctene lignans from Schisandra chinensis Baill. 0.25 M 1-lauryl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid is selected as solvent. The optimum parameters of dealing with 25.0 g sample are 385 W irradiation power, 40 min microwave extraction time and 1:12 solid-liquid ratio. The yields of essential oil and lignans are 12.12±0.37 ml/kg and 250.2±38.2 mg/kg under the optimum conditions. The composition of the essential oil extracted by hydro-distillation, steam-distillation and ILMAE is analyzed by GC-MS. With ILMAE method, the energy consumption time has not only been shortened to 40 min (hydro-distillation 3.0 h for extracting essential oil and reflux extraction 4.0 h for extracting lignans, respectively), but also the extraction efficiency has been improved (extraction of lignans and distillation of essential oil at the same time) and reduces the environmental pollution. S. chinensis materials treated by different methods are observed by scanning electronic microscopy. Micrographs provide more evidence to prove that ILMAE is a better and faster method. The experimental results also indicate that ILMAE is a simple and efficient technique for sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-hui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, HeilongjiangProvince, China
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Tang SH, He RR, Huang T, Wang CZ, Cao YF, Zhang Y, Kurihara H. The protective effect of Schisandra lignans on stress-evoked hepatic metastases of P815 tumor cells in restraint mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 134:141-146. [PMID: 21130851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of schisandra lignans extract (SLE) on stress-evoked hepatic metastases of mastocytoma P815 tumor cells, which was closely related with immune function. MATERIALS AND METHODS The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint of SLE was recorded and the percentage composition of schisandra lignans was determined as 82.63%. The contributions of the immunomodulatory properties of SLE to the protective effects on stress-induced hepatic metastases were studied. RESULTS Our results found that restraint stress significantly promoted hepatic metastases of P815 tumor cells. However, oral administration of SLE (100 and 200mg/kg/d, 14d) significantly reduced the number of metastatic colonies in liver of restrained mice. SLE was further found to be significantly improving T lymphocyte proportions and increasing cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity of immunized spleen cells in stressed mice. CONCLUSION These results indicated that the protective effects of SLE on hepatic metastases were related to its alleviation of the adverse effects of stressors for bio-homeostasis and immunoprotection. The obtained data provided evidences to elucidate the traditional use of Fructus schisandrae as a tonic or sedative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hong Tang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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Ma CH, Liu TT, Yang L, Zu YG, Wang SY, Zhang RR. Study on ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assisted extraction of biphenyl cyclooctene lignans from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis Baill. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 689:110-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shao B, Tang J, Ji H, Liu H, Liu Y, Zhu D, Wu L. Enhanced oral bioavailability of Wurenchun (Fructus Schisandrae ChinensisExtracts) by self-emulsifying drug delivery systems. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2010; 36:1356-63. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2010.480975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Xie Y, Hao H, Kang A, Liang Y, Xie T, Sun S, Dai C, Zheng X, Xie L, Li J, Wang G. Integral pharmacokinetics of multiple lignan components in normal, CCl4-induced hepatic injury and hepatoprotective agents pretreated rats and correlations with hepatic injury biomarkers. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 131:290-299. [PMID: 20600750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Although pharmacokinetic alternations by hepatic injury have been extensively studied, little is known about the potential influence of hepatoprotective agent's treatment. This study was aimed to investigate the holistic pharmacokinetics of multiple lignans, CYP3A regulations, and their correlations with hepatic injury biomarkers, in hepatic injured rats pretreated with or without schisandra lignan extract (SLE) and dimethyl-diphenyl-bicarboxylate (DDB). Integral pharmacokinetics of multiple lignans based on an AUC-weighting approach was determined in normal, CCl4 induced hepatic injury rats pretreated with or without SLE and DDB. Protein expression and activities of CYP3A were determined. Pharmacokinetic parameters and CYP3A activities were correlated with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. CCl4 induced acute hepatic injury resulted in a nearly 8-fold enhancement of integral plasma exposures of multiple lignans, which was caused by the significant down-regulation of CYP3A. SLE and DDB pretreatment exhibited potent hepatoprotective effects, accompanied with the restored expression and activity of CYP3A, and the recovery of the respective and integral pharmacokinetics of lignans components. The integral AUC(0-tn) and CYP3A activities correlated well with ALT and AST. This study suggested that the pharmacokinetic regulating effects of hepatoprotective agent's on themselves and co-prescribed drugs should be of concern, and hepatic injury biomarkers may serve as good predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Key Unit of SATCM for Pharmacokinetic Methodology of TCM Complex Prescription, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Wei H, Xu W, Cai F, Zhao G, Feng J, Sun L, Chen W. Simultaneous determination of five lignan constituents of Wuzhi capsule in rat plasma by LC–MS/MS: Application to pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 52:741-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Revised: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Liang Y, Hao H, Xie L, Kang A, Xie T, Zheng X, Dai C, Hao K, Sheng L, Wang G. Development of a Systematic Approach to Identify Metabolites for Herbal Homologs Based on Liquid Chromatography Hybrid Ion Trap Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry: Gender-Related Difference in Metabolism of Schisandra Lignans in Rats. Drug Metab Dispos 2010; 38:1747-59. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.110.033373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Wei H, Sun L, Tai Z, Gao S, Xu W, Chen W. A simple and sensitive HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of eight bioactive components and fingerprint analysis of Schisandra sphenanthera. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 662:97-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2009] [Revised: 12/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lou Z, Zhang H, Gong C, Zhu Z, Zhao L, Xu Y, Wang B, Zhang G. Analysis of lignans in Schisandra chinensis and rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography diode-array detection, time-of-flight mass spectrometry and quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:831-842. [PMID: 19222029 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatography/diode-array detection (HPLC/DAD), time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC/TOFMS) and quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry (HPLC/QIT-MS) were used for separation, identification and structural analysis of lignans in Schisandra chinensis and rat plasma after oral administration of the herbal extract. Six lignans in Schisandra chinensis extract were identified unambiguously by comparing the retention time, their characteristic ultraviolet (UV) absorption and accurate mass measurement. A formula database of known lignans in Schisandra chinensis was established, against which the other 15 lignans were identified effectively based on the accurate extract masses and formulae acquired by HPLC/TOFMS. In order to distinguish the isomers, multi-stage mass spectrometry (ion trap mass spectrometry, MSn) was also used. The fragmentation behavior of the lignans in the ion trap mass spectrometer was studied by the six lignan standards, and their fragmentation rules in MSn spectra were summarized. These deduced fragmentation rules of lignans were successfully implemented in distinguishing the three groups of isomers in Schisandra chinensis by HPLC/QIT-MS. By using the three different analytical techniques, 21 lignans in Schisandra chinensis were identified within 30 min. After oral administration of the extract, 11 lignans in rat plasma were detected and identified by comparing their retention time, characteristic UV absorption and accurate mass measurement of peaks in HPLC/TOFMS chromatograms of the herbal extract. Finally, HPLC/TOFMS fingerprints of Schisandra chinensis in vitro and rat plasma in vivo were established. It is concluded that a rapid and effective method based on three analytical techniques for identification of chemical components was established, which is useful for rapid identification of multiple components in Schisandra chinensis in vitro and in vivo. In addition, it can provide help for further pharmacology and action mechanism study of lignans in Schisandra chinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Lou
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, and Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
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Tang J, Shao B, Liu Y, Liu H, Ji H, Zhu D, Wu L. Highly sensitive determination of Schisandrin and Schisandrin B in plasma of rats after administration of Wurenchun (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis Extracts) preparations by LC-ESI-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2009; 24:675-81. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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