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Koopaie M, Nassar DHMA, Shokrolahi M. Three-dimensional bioprinting of mucoadhesive scaffolds for the treatment of oral mucosal lesions; an in vitro study. 3D Print Med 2022; 8:30. [PMID: 36169760 PMCID: PMC9516826 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-022-00157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic oral lesions could be a part of some diseases, including mucocutaneous diseases, immunobullous diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and graft versus host diseases. Systemic steroids are an effective treatment, but they cause unfavorable and even severe systemic side effects. Discontinuation of systemic corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive drugs leads to relapse, confirming the importance of long-term corticosteroid use. The present study aims to fabricate a mucoadhesive scaffold using three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting for sustained drug delivery in oral mucosal lesions to address the clinical need for alternative treatment, especially for those who do not respond to routine therapy. Methods 3D bioprinting method was used for the fabrication of the scaffolds. Scaffolds were fabricated in three layers; adhesive/drug-containing, backing, and middle layers. For evaluation of the release profile of the drug, artificial saliva was used as the release medium. Mucoadhesive scaffolds were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and SEM surface reconstruction. The pH of mucoadhesive scaffolds and swelling efficacy were measured using a pH meter and Enslin dipositive, respectively. A microprocessor force gauge was used for the measurement of tensile strength. For the evaluation of the cytotoxicity, oral keratinocyte cells' survival rate was evaluated by the MTT method. Folding endurance tests were performed using a stable microsystem texture analyzer and analytic probe mini tensile grips. Results All scaffolds had the same drug release trend; An initial rapid explosive release during the first 12 h, followed by a gradual release. The scaffolds showed sustained drug release and continued until the fourth day. The pH of the surface of the scaffolds was 5.3–6.3, and the rate of swelling after 5 h was 28 ± 3.2%. The tensile strength of the scaffolds containing the drug was 7.8 ± 0.12 MPa. The scaffolds were non-irritant to the mucosa, and the folding endurance of the scaffolds was over three hundred times. Conclusion The scaffold fabricated using the 3D bioprinting method could be suitable for treating oral mucosal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Koopaie
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Duha Hayder Mohammad Ali Nassar
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North Kargar St, P.O.BOX:14395 -433, Tehran, 14399-55991, Iran.
| | - Mahvash Shokrolahi
- New Technologies Research Center, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
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Zhou Y, Wang M, Yan C, Liu H, Yu DG. Advances in the Application of Electrospun Drug-Loaded Nanofibers in the Treatment of Oral Ulcers. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1254. [PMID: 36139093 PMCID: PMC9496154 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral ulcers affect oral and systemic health and have high prevalence in the population. There are significant individual differences in the etiology and extent of the disease among patients. In the treatment of oral ulcers, nanofiber films can control the drug-release rate and enable long-term local administration. Compared to other drug-delivery methods, nanofiber films avoid the disadvantages of frequent administration and certain side effects. Electrospinning is a simple and effective method for preparing nanofiber films. Currently, electrospinning technology has made significant breakthroughs in energy-saving and large-scale production. This paper summarizes the polymers that enable oral mucosal adhesion and the active pharmaceutical ingredients used for oral ulcers. Moreover, the therapeutic effects of currently available electrospun nanofiber films on oral ulcers in animal experiments and clinical trials are investigated. In addition, solvent casting and cross-linking methods can be used in conjunction with electrospinning techniques. Based on the literature, more administration systems with different polymers and loading components can be inspired. These administration systems are expected to have synergistic effects and achieve better therapeutic effects. This not only provides new possibilities for drug-loaded nanofibers but also brings new hope for the treatment of oral ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangqi Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Menglong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Chao Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center for High-Performance Medical Device Materials, Shanghai 200093, China
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3
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Orodispersible films — Pharmaceutical development for improved performance: A review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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4
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Pastório NFG, Vecchi CF, Said dos Santos R, Bruschi ML. Design of Mucoadhesive Strips for Buccal Fast Release of Tramadol. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081187. [PMID: 34452148 PMCID: PMC8399036 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tramadol hydrochloride is a synthetic analogue of codeine and shows activity on the central nervous system as an opioid agonist and inhibitor of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. It has been used for controlling moderate to severe pain. Mucoadhesive fast-dissolving films can present greater drug availability and patient acceptance when compared to the systems of peroral administration. The films were prepared using the solvent casting method with ethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and poly(vinyl alcohol). The effect of each polymer concentration was investigated using a 2³ factorial design with repetition at the central point. The formulations were subjected to physicochemical, mechanical, ex vivo mucoadhesive and in vitro drug release profile analysis. These properties were dependent on the polymeric composition (independent factors) of each system. The optimized formulations showed good macroscopic characteristics, improved resistance to bending, rigidity, rapid swelling up to 60 s, improved mechanical and mucoadhesive characteristics, and also fast dissolving and tramadol release. The optimized formulations constitute platforms and strategies to improve the therapy of tramadol with regard to availability at the site of application, considering the necessity of rapid pain relief, and show potential for in vivo evaluation.
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Jovanović M, Tomić N, Cvijić S, Stojanović D, Ibrić S, Uskoković P. Mucoadhesive Gelatin Buccal Films with Propranolol Hydrochloride: Evaluation of Mechanical, Mucoadhesive, and Biopharmaceutical Properties. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:273. [PMID: 33670448 PMCID: PMC7922149 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study processes and characterizes propranolol hydrochloride/gelatin mucoadhesive buccal films. Two types of gelatin are used: Gelatin from porcine skin, type A (GA), and gelatin from bovine skin (GB). The influence of gelatin type on mechanical, mucoadhesive, and biopharmaceutical characteristics of buccal films is evaluated. Fourier-Transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis show that GA with propranolol hydrochloride (PRH) in the film (GAP) formed a physical mixture, whereas GB with PRH (GBP) form a compound-complex. Results of mechanical testing (tensile test, hardness) revealed that GAP films exhibit higher elastic modulus, tensile strength, and hardness. A mucoahesion test shows that GBP has higher adhesion strength, while GAP shows higher work of adhesion. Both in vitro release study and in silico simulation indicated that processed films can provide effective drug transport through the buccal mucosa. In silico simulation shows improved bioavailability from buccal films, in comparison to the immediate-release tablets-indicating that the therapeutic drug dose can be markedly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Jovanović
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.S.); (P.U.)
| | - Nataša Tomić
- Innovation Center of Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Sandra Cvijić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Dušica Stojanović
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.S.); (P.U.)
| | - Svetlana Ibrić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Petar Uskoković
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.S.); (P.U.)
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Cvijić S, Ignjatović J, Parojčić J, Ibrić S. The emerging role of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic/biopharmaceutics modeling in formulation development. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm71-32479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Computer-based (in silico) modeling & simulation tools have been embraced in different fields of pharmaceutics for a variety of applications. Among these, physiologically-based pharmacokinetic/biopharmaceutics modeling (PBPK/PBBM) emerged as a particularly useful tool in formulation development. PBPK/PBBM facilitated strategies have been increasingly evaluated over the past few years, as demonstrated by several reports from the pharmaceutical industry, and a number of research and review papers on this subject. Also, the leading regulatory authorities have recently issued guidance on the use of PBPK modeling in formulation design. In silico PBPK models can comprise different dosing routes (oral, intraoral, parenteral, inhalation, ocular, dermal etc.), although the majority of published examples refer to modeling of oral drugs performance. In order to facilitate the use of PBPK modeling tools, a couple of companies have launched commercially available software such as GastroPlus™, Simcyp™ PBPK Simulator and PK-Sim®. This paper highlights various application fields of PBPK/PBBM modeling, along with the basic principles, advantages and limitations of this approach, and provides relevant examples to demonstrate the practical utility of modeling & simulation tools in different stages of formulation development.
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Castillo-Henríquez L, Vargas-Zúñiga R, Pacheco-Molina J, Vega-Baudrit J. Electrospun nanofibers: A nanotechnological approach for drug delivery and dissolution optimization in poorly water-soluble drugs. ADMET AND DMPK 2020; 8:325-353. [PMID: 35300196 PMCID: PMC8915594 DOI: 10.5599/admet.844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning is a novel and sophisticated technique for the production of nanofibers with high surface area, extreme porous structure, small pore size, and surface morphologies that make them suitable for biomedical and bioengineering applications, which can provide solutions to current drug delivery issues of poorly water-soluble drugs. Electrospun nanofibers can be obtained through different methods asides from the conventional one, such as coaxial, multi-jet, side by side, emulsion, and melt electrospinning. In general, the application of an electric potential to a polymer solution causes a charged liquid jet that moves downfield to an oppositely charged collector, where the nanofibers are deposited. Plenty of polymers that differ in their origin, degradation character and water affinity are used during the process. Physicochemical properties of the drug, polymer(s), and solvent systems need to be addressed to guarantee successful manufacturing. Therefore, this review summarizes the recent progress in electrospun nanofibers for their use as a nanotechnological tool for dissolution optimization and drug delivery systems for poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Castillo-Henríquez
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica.,National Laboratory of Nanotechnology (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), 1174-1200, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Rolando Vargas-Zúñiga
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Jorge Pacheco-Molina
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Jose Vega-Baudrit
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), 1174-1200, San José, Costa Rica.,Laboratory of Polymers (POLIUNA), Chemistry School, National University of Costa Rica, 86-3000, Heredia, Costa Rica
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Edmans JG, Clitherow KH, Murdoch C, Hatton PV, Spain SG, Colley HE. Mucoadhesive Electrospun Fibre-Based Technologies for Oral Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E504. [PMID: 32498237 PMCID: PMC7356016 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral disease greatly affects quality of life, as the mouth is required for a wide range of activities including speech, food and liquid consumption. Treatment of oral disease is greatly limited by the dose forms that are currently available, which suffer from short contact times, poor site specificity, and sensitivity to mechanical stimulation. Mucoadhesive devices prepared using electrospinning offer the potential to address these challenges by allowing unidirectional site-specific drug delivery through intimate contact with the mucosa and with high surface areas to facilitate drug release. This review will discuss the range of electrospun mucoadhesive devices that have recently been reported to address oral inflammatory diseases, pain relief, and infections, as well as new treatments that are likely to be enabled by this technology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake G. Edmans
- School of Clinical Dentistry, 19 Claremont Crescent, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK; (J.G.E.); (K.H.C.); (P.V.H.); (H.E.C.)
- Department of Chemistry, Brook Hill, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK;
| | - Katharina H. Clitherow
- School of Clinical Dentistry, 19 Claremont Crescent, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK; (J.G.E.); (K.H.C.); (P.V.H.); (H.E.C.)
- Department of Chemistry, Brook Hill, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK;
| | - Craig Murdoch
- School of Clinical Dentistry, 19 Claremont Crescent, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK; (J.G.E.); (K.H.C.); (P.V.H.); (H.E.C.)
| | - Paul V. Hatton
- School of Clinical Dentistry, 19 Claremont Crescent, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK; (J.G.E.); (K.H.C.); (P.V.H.); (H.E.C.)
| | - Sebastian G. Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Brook Hill, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK;
| | - Helen E. Colley
- School of Clinical Dentistry, 19 Claremont Crescent, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK; (J.G.E.); (K.H.C.); (P.V.H.); (H.E.C.)
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Kazsoki A, Szabó P, Domján A, Balázs A, Bozó T, Kellermayer M, Farkas A, Balogh-Weiser D, Pinke B, Darcsi A, Béni S, Madarász J, Szente L, Zelkó R. Microstructural Distinction of Electrospun Nanofibrous Drug Delivery Systems Formulated with Different Excipients. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4214-4225. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrienn Kazsoki
- University Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy Administration, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre utca 7-9, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Szabó
- University Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy Administration, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre utca 7-9, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Domján
- NMR Research Laboratory, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Balázs
- NMR Research Laboratory, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bozó
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Kellermayer
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Farkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rakpart 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Diána Balogh-Weiser
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rakpart 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Pinke
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rakpart 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Darcsi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Béni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Madarász
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos Szente
- CycloLab, Cyclodextrin Research and Development Laboratory Ltd., Illatos út 7, H-1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Romána Zelkó
- University Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy Administration, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre utca 7-9, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary
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Darbasizadeh B, Motasadizadeh H, Foroughi-Nia B, Farhadnejad H. Tripolyphosphate-crosslinked chitosan/poly (ethylene oxide) electrospun nanofibrous mats as a floating gastro-retentive delivery system for ranitidine hydrochloride. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 153:63-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Halwes ME, Tyo KM, Steinbach-Rankins JM, Frieboes HB. Computational Modeling of Antiviral Drug Diffusion from Poly(lactic- co-glycolic-acid) Fibers and Multicompartment Pharmacokinetics for Application to the Female Reproductive Tract. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:1534-1547. [PMID: 29481088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The need for more versatile technologies to deliver antiviral agents to the female reproductive tract (FRT) has spurred the development of on-demand and sustained-release platforms. Electrospun fibers (EFs), in particular, have recently been applied to FRT delivery, resulting in an alternative dosage form with the potential to provide protection and therapeutic effect against a variety of infection types. However, a multitude of fabrication parameters, as well as the resulting complexities of solvent-drug, drug-polymer, and solvent-polymer interactions, are known to significantly impact the loading and release of incorporated agents. Numerous processing parameters, in addition to their combined interactions, can hinder the iterative development of fiber formulations to achieve optimal release for particular durations, doses, and polymer-drug types. The experimental effort to design and develop EFs could benefit from mathematical analysis and computational simulation that predictively evaluate combinations of parameters to meet product design needs. Here, existing modeling efforts are leveraged to develop a simulation platform that correlates and predicts the delivery of relevant small molecule antivirals from EFs that have been recently applied to target sexually transmitted infections (STIs). A pair of mathematical models is coupled to simulate the release of two structurally similar small molecule antiretroviral reverse transcriptase inhibitors, Tenofovir (TFV) and Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), from poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) EFs, and to evaluate how changes in the system parameters affect the distribution of encapsulated agent in a three-compartment model of the vaginal epithelium. The results indicate that factors such as fiber diameter, mesh thickness, antiviral diffusivity, and fiber geometry can be simulated to create an accurate model that distinguishes the different release patterns of TFV and TDF from EFs, and that enables detailed evaluation of the associated pharmacokinetics. This simulation platform offers a basis with which to further study EF parameters and their effect on antiviral release and pharmacokinetics in the FRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Halwes
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Louisville , Louisville , Kentucky 40292 , United States
| | | | - Jill M Steinbach-Rankins
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Louisville , Louisville , Kentucky 40292 , United States
| | - Hermann B Frieboes
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Louisville , Louisville , Kentucky 40292 , United States
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Jug M, Hafner A, Lovrić J, Kregar ML, Pepić I, Vanić Ž, Cetina-Čižmek B, Filipović-Grčić J. An overview of in vitro dissolution/release methods for novel mucosal drug delivery systems. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:350-366. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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13
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Kazsoki A, Szabó P, Zelkó R. Prediction of the hydroxypropyl cellulose—poly(vinyl alcohol) ratio in aqueous solution containing papaverine hydrochloride in terms of drug loaded electrospun fiber formation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 138:357-362. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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