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Wani AK, Prakash A, Sena S, Akhtar N, Singh R, Chopra C, Ariyanti EE, Mudiana D, Yulia ND, Rahayu F. Unraveling molecular signatures in rare bone tumors and navigating the cancer pathway landscapes for targeted therapeutics. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 196:104291. [PMID: 38346462 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rare cancers (RCs), which account for over 20% of cancer cases, face significant research and treatment challenges due to their limited prevalence. This results in suboptimal outcomes compared to more common malignancies. Rare bone tumors (RBTs) constitute 5-10% of rare cancer cases and pose unique diagnostic complexities. The therapeutic potential of anti-cancer drugs for RBTs remains largely unexplored. Identifying molecular alterations in cancer-related genes and their associated pathways is essential for precision medicine in RBTs. Small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies targeting specific RBT-associated proteins show promise. Ongoing clinical trials aim to define RBT biomarkers, subtypes, and optimal treatment contexts, including combination therapies and immunotherapeutic agents. This review addresses the challenges in diagnosing, treating, and studying RBTs, shedding light on the current state of RBT biomarkers, potential therapeutic targets, and promising inhibitors. Rare cancers demand attention and innovative solutions to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Khurshid Wani
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India.
| | - Ajit Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Saikat Sena
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
| | - Esti Endah Ariyanti
- Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Deden Mudiana
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Nina Dwi Yulia
- Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Farida Rahayu
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
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Lodhia J, Goodluck G, Amsi P, Mremi A. Chondromyxoid fibroma: A rare benign tumor with potential for local recurrence. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2023; 11:2050313X231152367. [PMID: 36744057 PMCID: PMC9893065 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x231152367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondromyxoid fibroma is one of the rarest benign cartilaginous tumors accounting for less than 0.5% of bone tumors and mostly found in the metaphysis of long bones. Diagnosis is by histology showing lobular pattern with stellate-shaped cells in a myxoid or chondroid background. Often they can be misdiagnosed as chondrosarcomas. Recommended treatment approach is surgically excision due to the high risk of malignancy. Although benign, local recurrence is common as presented from this case report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Lodhia
- Department of General Surgery, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania,Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro of Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania,Jay Lodhia, Department of General Surgery, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, P.O Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania.
| | - Gregory Goodluck
- Department of General Surgery, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Patrick Amsi
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro of Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania,Department of Pathology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Alex Mremi
- Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro of Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania,Department of Pathology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
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Brandolini J, Bertolaccini L, Pardolesi A, Salvi M, Valli M, Solli P. Chondroblastoma of the rib in a 47-year-old man: a case report with a systematic review of literature. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:E907-E911. [PMID: 29268433 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.08.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Chondroblastoma is an uncommon benign bone tumour arising typically in the epiphysis. Few cases of chondroblastoma of the rib have been reported in the literature. We describe a case of chondroblastoma of a 47-year-old man located in the body of the IX right rib. The patient presented a moderate right thoracic pain with an apparently palpable mass. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed a well-defined oval 49 mm × 43 mm lesion with the lytic bone destruction of the rib. A surgical resection was performed with an excellent outcome and no recurrence after 4-year follow-up. We also conducted a systematic review of literature where we evidenced that chondroblastoma could affect people of all age, but it's most common in children and young adult. Surgical resection constitutes the treatment of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jury Brandolini
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, AUSL Romagna Teaching Hospitals, Forlì, Italy
| | - Luca Bertolaccini
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, AUSL Romagna Teaching Hospitals, Forlì, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Salvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, AUSL Romagna Teaching Hospitals, Forlì, Italy
| | - Mirca Valli
- Department of Pathology, AUSL Romagna Hospital, Rimini, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Solli
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, AUSL Romagna Teaching Hospitals, Forlì, Italy
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Kwee TC, de Klerk JMH, Nix M, Heggelman BGF, Dubois SV, Adams HJA. Benign Bone Conditions That May Be FDG-avid and Mimic Malignancy. Semin Nucl Med 2017; 47:322-351. [PMID: 28583274 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography with the radiotracer 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) plays an important role in the evaluation of bone pathology. However, FDG is not a cancer-specific agent, and knowledge of the differential diagnosis of benign FDG-avid bone alterations that may resemble malignancy is important for correct patient management, including the avoidance of unnecessary additional invasive tests such as bone biopsy. This review summarizes and illustrates the spectrum of benign bone conditions that may be FDG-avid and mimic malignancy, including osteomyelitis, bone lesions due to benign systemic diseases (Brown tumor, Erdheim-Chester disease, Gaucher disease, gout and other types of arthritis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and sarcoidosis), benign primary bone lesions (bone cysts, chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, desmoplastic fibroma, enchondroma, giant cell tumor and granuloma, hemangioma, nonossifying fibroma, and osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma), and a group of miscellaneous benign bone conditions (post bone marrow biopsy or harvest status, bone marrow hyperplasia, fibrous dysplasia, fractures, osteonecrosis, Paget disease of bone, particle disease, and Schmorl nodes). Several ancillary clinical and imaging findings may be helpful in discriminating benign from malignant FDG-avid bone lesions. However, this distinction is sometimes difficult or even impossible, and tissue acquisition will be required to establish the final diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Kwee
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - John M H de Klerk
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Nix
- Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Ben G F Heggelman
- Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan V Dubois
- Department of Pathology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo J A Adams
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Deventer Ziekenhuis, Deventer, The Netherlands
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Chowdary PB, Patil MD, Govindarajan AK. Chondromyxoid Fibroma: An Unusual Tumour at An Atypical Location. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:XD04-XD05. [PMID: 26393192 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/13134.6184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Rib tumours are mostly secondaries arising from breast or prostrate malignancies. Among primary rib tumours, osteochondromas are reported as the commonest cause. Chondromyxoid fibromas are primary benign rib tumours that are seldom seen, occurring almost exclusively at the metaphyseal ends of large tubular bones. Here a case of chondromyxoid fibroma of rib, its clinical and radiological features, management and prognosis, is discussed which has only an occasional mention in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Basappa Chowdary
- Postgraduate Student, Department of General Surgery, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mallikarjuna Devaredappa Patil
- Professor and Head, Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Abhay Kumar Govindarajan
- Postgraduate Student, Department of General Surgery, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Lococo F, Cafarotti S, Filice A, Bertagna F, Treglia G. A false positive finding on the PET of somatostatin receptor due to a chondromyxoid fibroma. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.remnie.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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7
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Lococo F, Cafarotti S, Filice A, Bertagna F, Treglia G. A false positive finding on the PET of somatostatin receptor due to a chondromyxoid fibroma. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2013; 33:245-6. [PMID: 24140025 DOI: 10.1016/j.remn.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Lococo
- Unit of Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - S Cafarotti
- Unit of Thoracic Surgery, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - A Filice
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - F Bertagna
- Chair of Nuclear Medicine, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - G Treglia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT Center, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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