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Chen X, Ge S, Xiao P, Liu Y, Yu Y, Liu Y, Sun L, Yang L, Wang D. UV-stimulated riboflavin exerts immunosuppressive effects in BALB/c mice and human PBMCs. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116278. [PMID: 38401513 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin (RF) as a photosensitizer has been used in corneal surgery and the inactivation of blood products. However, the effect of RF on immune cells after ultraviolet (UV) light stimulation has not been investigated. This study pioneered a novel application method of RF. Firstly, UV-stimulated RF was co-cultured with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro, and the apoptosis rate of lymphocyte subsets, cell proliferation inhibition rate and concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α were assessed. UV-stimulated RF was then administered intravenously to mice via the tail vein for a consecutive period of 5 days. The levels of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA), complement (C3, C4) and cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL17, TGF-β) were detected by ELISA. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze the populations of CD3+T, CD4+T, CD8+T and CD4+T/CD8+T cells in spleen lymphocytes of mice. The data showed that UV-stimulated RF can effectively induce apoptosis in lymphocytes, and different lymphocyte subtypes exhibited varying degrees of treatment tolerance. Additionally, the proliferative capacity of lymphocytes was suppressed, while their cytokine secretion capability was augmented. The animal experiments demonstrated that UV-stimulated RF led to a significant reduction observed in serum immunoglobulin and complement levels, accompanied by an elevation in IFN-γ, IL-17 and TGF-β levels, as well as a decline in IL-4 level. In summary, the results of both in vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that UV-stimulated RF, exhibits the ability to partially inhibit immune function. This novel approach utilizing RF may offer innovative perspectives for diseases requiring immunosuppressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shuang Ge
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Xiao
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Guang'an People's Hospital, Guang 'an, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Sun
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Deqing Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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Mykhailova O, Turner TR, Olafson C, Howell A, Nahirniak SN, Wizniak J, Gerges HYN, Baldwin T, Clarke G, Acker JP. Hypothermic storage of leukoreduced red blood cells for greater than 21 days is a safe alternative to irradiation. Transfusion 2021; 61:1247-1257. [PMID: 33481275 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irradiation of red blood cells (RBCs) inactivates residual donor T lymphocytes to prevent transfusion-associated graft-vs-host disease (TA-GVHD) but can have adverse effects on recipients and inventory management. Reported incidence of TA-GVHD is lower when leukoreduced RBCs and older blood products are transfused; therefore, the impact of leukoreduction and storage was evaluated as an alternative prevention strategy. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Effectiveness of leukoreduction filters on white blood cell (WBC) proliferation was evaluated by filtering buffy coat (BC) products and isolating residual WBCs. Additionally, leukoreduced RBCs were spiked with 5 × 106 WBCs on Day 21 of hypothermic storage, then stored and processed on Days 7, 14, and 21 to obtain residual WBCs to investigate the impact of hypothermic storage on their viability and proliferative ability. Viability of residual WBCs was assessed by staining with annexin V and an antibody cocktail for flow cytometry analysis. Proliferative ability was assessed by placing carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester-labeled residual WBCs into culture for 6 days with phytohemagglutinin before flow cytometry assessment. RESULTS Filtration of BC units depleted WBCs, particularly T lymphocytes, to 0.001% ± 0.003% cells/unit, although proliferative activity remained consistent with prefiltration levels of WBCs. WBCs in stored RBCs remained viable even on Day 21 of storage; however, the proliferative activity decreased to 0.24% ± 0.41%. CONCLUSIONS Hypothermic storage of RBCs for 21 days or more is sufficient to inactivate T lymphocytes, which may help prevent TA-GVHD when irradiated RBCs are not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Mykhailova
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tracey R Turner
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carly Olafson
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anita Howell
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Susan N Nahirniak
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Precision Laboratories, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Juanita Wizniak
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Precision Laboratories, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hanan Y N Gerges
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Precision Laboratories, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Troy Baldwin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gwen Clarke
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jason P Acker
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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The Alleviative Effect of Vitamin B 2 on Potassium Bromate-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8274261. [PMID: 32802879 PMCID: PMC7415125 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8274261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Potassium bromate (PB) is a food enhancer, water disinfection by-product, and a proven carcinogen. It elicits toxicities in the living organism due to exposure and in a dose-dependent manner. The present study discourses the ameliorative efficacy of riboflavin (RF) in PB-administered rodents. The animals were distributed into five treatment groups: control (group I), PB alone (group II, 150 mg/kg), RF alone (group III, 2 mg/kg), PB+RF1 (group IV, 150 mg/kg + 2 mg/kg), and PB+RF2 (group V, 150 mg/kg + 4 mg/kg). After the round of the treatment, the animals were sacrificed to collect their blood and liver samples for the detailed analysis. Group II depicted perturbed liver functions evidenced by altered serum and toxicity markers along with the disturbed redox balance. Also, these biochemical results were found harmonious with histopathological analysis and comet assay. However, group III showed no noticeable alteration in the same parameters, whereas the combination groups (IV and V) exhibited dose-dependent amelioration in the PB-induced toxicities. Interestingly, RF favored apoptosis concomitant with suppressing the necrosis in the PB-challenged groups, as shown by the activity of caspase-3 and lactate dehydrogenase. Histopathological analysis and comet assay further consolidate these results. Hence, RF has significant alleviative property against PB-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo that can be used in the consumer items containing the toxicant.
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