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Putz EJ, Sivasankaran SK, Fernandes LGV, Brunelle B, Lippolis JD, Alt DP, Bayles DO, Hornsby RL, Nally JE. Distinct transcriptional profiles of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo strains JB197 and HB203 cultured at different temperatures. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009320. [PMID: 33826628 PMCID: PMC8055020 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leptospirosis is a zoonotic, bacterial disease, posing significant health risks to humans, livestock, and companion animals around the world. Symptoms range from asymptomatic to multi-organ failure in severe cases. Complex species-specific interactions exist between animal hosts and the infecting species, serovar, and strain of pathogen. Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo strains HB203 and JB197 have a high level of genetic homology but cause different clinical presentation in the hamster model of infection; HB203 colonizes the kidney and presents with chronic shedding while JB197 causes severe organ failure and mortality. This study examines the transcriptome of L. borgpetersenii and characterizes differential gene expression profiles of strains HB203 and JB197 cultured at temperatures during routine laboratory conditions (29°C) and encountered during host infection (37°C). Methodology/Principal findings L. borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo strains JB197 and HB203 were isolated from the kidneys of experimentally infected hamsters and maintained at 29°C and 37°C. RNAseq revealed distinct gene expression profiles; 440 genes were differentially expressed (DE) between JB197 and HB203 at 29°C, and 179 genes were DE between strains at 37°C. Comparison of JB197 cultured at 29°C and 37°C identified 135 DE genes while 41 genes were DE in HB203 with those same culture conditions. The consistent differential expression of ligB, which encodes the outer membrane virulence factor LigB, was validated by immunoblotting and 2D-DIGE. Differential expression of lipopolysaccharide was also observed between JB197 and HB203. Conclusions/Significance Investigation of the L. borgpetersenii JB197 and HB203 transcriptome provides unique insight into the mechanistic differences between acute and chronic disease. Characterizing the nuances of strain to strain differences and investigating the environmental sensitivity of Leptospira to temperature is critical to the development and progress of leptospirosis prevention and treatment technologies, and is an important consideration when serovars are selected and propagated for use as bacterin vaccines as well as for the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic, neglected tropical disease. Interestingly, a high level of species specificity (both bacteria and host) plays a major role in the severity of disease presentation which can vary from asymptomatic to multi-organ failure. Pathogenic Leptospira colonize the kidneys of infected individuals and are shed in urine into the environment where they can survive until they are contracted by another host. This study looks at two strains of L. borgpetersenii, HB203 and JB197 which are genetically very similar, and identical by serotyping as serovar Hardjo, yet HB203 causes a chronic infection in the hamster while JB197 causes organ failure and mortality. To better characterize bacterial factors causing different disease outcomes, we examined the gene expression profile of these strains in the context of temperatures that would reflect natural Leptospira life cycles (environmentally similar 29°C and 37°C which is more indicative of host environment). We found vast differences in gene expression both between the strains and within strains between temperatures. Characterization of the transcriptome of L. borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo strains JB197 and HB203 provides insights into factors that can determine acute versus chronic disease in the hamster model of infection. Additionally, these studies highlight strain to strain variability within the same species, and serovar, at different growth temperatures, which needs to be considered when serovars are selected and propagated for use as bacterin vaccines used to immunize domestic animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie J. Putz
- Infectious Bacterial Disease Research Unit, USDA Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Sathesh K. Sivasankaran
- Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, USDA Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- Genome Informatics Facility Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Luis G. V. Fernandes
- Infectious Bacterial Disease Research Unit, USDA Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brian Brunelle
- Arbor Biosciences, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - John D. Lippolis
- Ruminant Disease and Immunology Research Unit USDA Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - David P. Alt
- Infectious Bacterial Disease Research Unit, USDA Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Darrell O. Bayles
- Infectious Bacterial Disease Research Unit, USDA Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Richard L. Hornsby
- Infectious Bacterial Disease Research Unit, USDA Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Jarlath E. Nally
- Infectious Bacterial Disease Research Unit, USDA Agriculture Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
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Abstract
This chapter covers the progress made in the Leptospira field since the application of mutagenesis techniques and how they have allowed the study of virulence factors and, more generally, the biology of Leptospira. The last decade has seen advances in our ability to perform molecular genetic analysis of Leptospira. Major achievements include the generation of large collections of mutant strains and the construction of replicative plasmids, enabling complementation of mutations. However, there are still no practical tools for routine genetic manipulation of pathogenic Leptospira strains, slowing down advances in pathogenesis research. This review summarizes the status of the molecular genetic toolbox for Leptospira species and highlights new challenges in the nascent field of Leptospira genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Picardeau
- Biology of Spirochetes Unit, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75724, Paris Cedex 15, France.
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3
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Nally JE, Wilson-Welder JH, Hornsby RL, Palmer MV, Alt DP. Inbred Rats as a Model to Study Persistent Renal Leptospirosis and Associated Cellular Immune Responsiveness. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:66. [PMID: 29594063 PMCID: PMC5861151 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic species of Leptospira cause leptospirosis, a bacterial zoonotic disease with a global distribution affecting over one million people annually. Rats are regarded as one of the most significant reservoir hosts of infection for human disease, and in the absence of clinical signs of infection, excrete large numbers of organisms in their urine. A unique biological equilibrium exists between pathogenic leptospires and reservoir hosts of infection, but surprisingly, little is known concerning the host's cellular immune response that facilitates persistent renal colonization. To address this deficiency, we established and applied an immunocompetent inbred rat model of persistent renal colonization; leptospires were detected in urine of experimentally infected rats by 3 weeks post-infection and remained positive until 8 weeks post-infection. However, there was little, if any, evidence of inflammation in colonized renal tubules. At 8 weeks post-infection, a robust antibody response was detected against lipopolysaccharide and protein outer membrane (OM) components. Purified B and T cells derived from the spleen of infected and non-infected rats proliferated in response to stimulation with 0.5 μg of OM fractions of Leptospira, including CD4+ T cells, which comprised 40% of proliferating cells, compared to 25% in non-infected controls. However, analysis of gene expression did not determine which immunoregulatory pathways were activated. Lymphocytes purified from the lymph node draining the site of colonization, the renal lymph node, also showed an increase in percentage of proliferating B and T cells. However, in contrast to a phenotype of 40% CD4+ T cells in the spleen, the phenotype of proliferating T cells in the renal lymph node comprised 65% CD4+ T cells. These results confirm that the renal lymph node, the local lymphoid organ, is a dominant site containing Leptospira reactive CD4+ T cells and highlight the need to consider the local, vs. systemic, immune responses during renal colonization infection. The use of inbred immunocompetent rats provides a novel tool to further elucidate those pathophysiological pathways that facilitate the unique biological equilibrium observed in reservoir hosts of leptospirosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarlath E Nally
- Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Jennifer H Wilson-Welder
- Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Richard L Hornsby
- Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Mitchell V Palmer
- Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
| | - David P Alt
- Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
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4
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Zhang K, Xu WW, Zhang Z, Liu J, Li J, Sun L, Sun W, Jiao P, Sang X, Ren Z, Yu Z, Li Y, Feng N, Wang T, Wang H, Yang S, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Wilker PR, Liu W, Liao M, Chen H, Gao Y, Xia X. The innate immunity of guinea pigs against highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30422-30437. [PMID: 28418930 PMCID: PMC5444753 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
H5N1 avian influenza viruses are a major pandemic concern. In contrast to the highly virulent phenotype of H5N1 in humans and many animal models, guinea pigs do not typically display signs of severe disease in response to H5N1 virus infection. Here, proteomic and transcriptional profiling were applied to identify host factors that account for the observed attenuation of A/Tiger/Harbin/01/2002 (H5N1) virulence in guinea pigs. RIG-I and numerous interferon stimulated genes were among host proteins with altered expression in guinea pig lungs during H5N1 infection. Overexpression of RIG-I or the RIG-I adaptor protein MAVS in guinea pig cell lines inhibited H5N1 replication. Endogenous GBP-1 expression was required for RIG-I mediated inhibition of viral replication upstream of the activity of MAVS. Furthermore, we show that guinea pig complement is involved in viral clearance, the regulation of inflammation, and cellular apoptosis during influenza virus infection of guinea pigs. This work uncovers features of the guinea pig innate immune response to influenza that may render guinea pigs resistant to highly pathogenic influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China.,Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA
| | - Wei Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Zhaowei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Department of Influenza Vaccine, Changchun Institute of Biological Product, Changchun, 130062, PR China
| | - Weiyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Peirong Jiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Sang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Zhiguang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Yuanguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Na Feng
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Hualei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Songtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Yongkun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Influenza Vaccine, Changchun Institute of Biological Product, Changchun, 130062, PR China
| | - Peter R Wilker
- Department of Microbiology, University of Wisconsin La Crosse, La Crosse, Wisconsin, 54601, USA
| | - WenJun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Ming Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Hualan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Yuwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, The Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science of PLA, Changchun, 130122, PR China
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Nascimento Filho EG, Vieira ML, Teixeira AF, Santos JC, Fernandes LGV, Passalia FJ, Daroz BB, Rossini A, Kochi LT, Cavenague MF, Pimenta DC, Nascimento ALTO. Proteomics as a tool to understand Leptospira physiology and virulence: Recent advances, challenges and clinical implications. J Proteomics 2018; 180:80-87. [PMID: 29501847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edson G Nascimento Filho
- Laboratório Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Monica L Vieira
- Laboratório Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline F Teixeira
- Laboratório Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jademilson C Santos
- Laboratório Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis G V Fernandes
- Laboratório Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe J Passalia
- Laboratório Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pos-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brenda B Daroz
- Laboratório Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pos-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Rossini
- Laboratório Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pos-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro T Kochi
- Laboratório Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pos-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria F Cavenague
- Laboratório Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pos-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Pimenta
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana L T O Nascimento
- Laboratório Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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6
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Ghazaei C. Pathogenic Leptospira: Advances in understanding the molecular pathogenesis and virulence. Open Vet J 2018; 8:13-24. [PMID: 29445617 PMCID: PMC5806663 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v8i1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a common zoonotic disease has emerged as a major public health problem, with developing countries bearing disproportionate burdens. Although the diverse range of clinical manifestations of the leptospirosis in humans is widely documented, the mechanisms through which the pathogen causes disease remain undetermined. In addition, leptospirosis is a much-neglected life-threatening disease although it is one of the most important zoonoses occurring in a diverse range of epidemiological distribution. Recent advances in molecular profiling of pathogenic species of the genus Leptospira have improved our understanding of the evolutionary factors that determine virulence and mechanisms that the bacteria employ to survive. However, a major impediment to the formulation of intervention strategies has been the limited understanding of the disease determinants. Consequently, the association of the biological mechanisms to the pathogenesis of Leptospira, as well as the functions of numerous essential virulence factors still remain implicit. This review examines recent advances in genetic screening technologies, the underlying microbiological processes, the virulence factors and associated molecular mechanisms driving pathogenesis of Leptospira species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciamak Ghazaei
- Department of Microbiology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, P.O. Box 179, Ardabil, Iran
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7
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Nally JE, Schuller S. Proteomic Analysis of Lung Tissue by DIGE. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1664:167-183. [PMID: 29019133 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7268-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lungs perform an essential physiological function, mediated by a complex series of events that involve the coordination of multiple cell types to support not only gaseous exchange, but homeostasis and protection from infection. Guinea pigs are an important animal disease model for a number of infectious and noninfectious pulmonary conditions and the availability of a complete genome facilitates comprehensive analysis of tissues using the tools of proteomics. Here, we describe the application of 2-D Difference Gel Electrophoresis (DIGE) to compare, quantify, and identify differential protein expression of proteins in lung tissue from guinea pigs with leptospiral pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome (LPHS) compared to noninfected controls. 2-D DIGE is a powerful technique that provides novel insights into the dynamics of the complex lung proteome during health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarlath E Nally
- Infectious Bacterial Diseases, National Animal Disease Center-USDA-ARS, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA, 50010, USA.
| | - Simone Schuller
- Division of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstr. 128, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
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Nally JE, Grassmann AA, Planchon S, Sergeant K, Renaut J, Seshu J, McBride AJ, Caimano MJ. Pathogenic Leptospires Modulate Protein Expression and Post-translational Modifications in Response to Mammalian Host Signals. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:362. [PMID: 28848720 PMCID: PMC5553009 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic species of Leptospira cause leptospirosis, a bacterial zoonotic disease with a global distribution affecting over one million people annually. Reservoir hosts of leptospirosis, including rodents, dogs, and cattle, exhibit little to no signs of disease but shed large numbers of organisms in their urine. Transmission occurs when mucosal surfaces or abraded skin come into contact with infected urine or urine-contaminated water or soil. Whilst little is known about how Leptospira adapt to and persist within a reservoir host, in vitro studies suggest that leptospires alter their transcriptomic and proteomic profiles in response to environmental signals encountered during mammalian infection. We applied the dialysis membrane chamber (DMC) peritoneal implant model to compare the whole cell proteome of in vivo derived leptospires with that of leptospires cultivated in vitro at 30°C and 37°C by 2-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE). Of 1,735 protein spots aligned across 9 2-D DIGE gels, 202 protein spots were differentially expressed (p < 0.05, fold change >1.25 or < −1.25) across all three conditions. Differentially expressed proteins were excised for identification by mass spectrometry. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD006995. The greatest differences were detected when DMC-cultivated leptospires were compared with IV30- or IV37-cultivated leptospires, including the increased expression of multiple isoforms of Loa22, a known virulence factor. Unexpectedly, 20 protein isoforms of LipL32 and 7 isoforms of LipL41 were uniformly identified by DIGE as differentially expressed, suggesting that unique post-translational modifications (PTMs) are operative in response to mammalian host conditions. To test this hypothesis, a rat model of persistent renal colonization was used to isolate leptospires directly from the urine of experimentally infected rats. Comparison of urinary derived leptospires to IV30 leptospires by 2-D immunoblotting confirmed that modification of proteins with trimethyllysine and acetyllysine occurs to a different degree in response to mammalian host signals encountered during persistent renal colonization. These results provide novel insights into differential protein and PTMs present in response to mammalian host signals which can be used to further define the unique equilibrium that exists between pathogenic leptospires and their reservoir host of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarlath E Nally
- Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research, National Animal Disease Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceAmes, IA, United States
| | - Andre A Grassmann
- Biotechnology Unit, Technological Development Center, Federal University of PelotasPelotas, Brazil.,Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health CenterFarmington, CT, United States
| | - Sébastien Planchon
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyBelvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Kjell Sergeant
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyBelvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Jenny Renaut
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyBelvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Janakiram Seshu
- Department of Biology, University of Texas San AntoniaSan Antonia, TX, United States
| | - Alan J McBride
- Biotechnology Unit, Technological Development Center, Federal University of PelotasPelotas, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Ministry of HealthSalvador, Brazil
| | - Melissa J Caimano
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health CenterFarmington, CT, United States
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Deming Y, Qingcong A, Yonggang L. Molecular cloning, sequence identification and expression profile of domestic guinea pig ( Cavia porcellus) UGT1A1 gene. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2015.1098565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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10
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Abstract
Guinea pigs represent an important model for a number of infectious and non-infectious pulmonary diseases. The guinea pig genome has recently been sequenced to full coverage, opening up new research avenues using genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics techniques in this species. In order to further annotate the guinea pig genome and to facilitate future pulmonary proteomics in this species we constructed a 2-D guinea pig proteome map including 486 protein identifications and post translational modifications (PTMs). The map has been up-loaded to the UCD 2D-PAGE open access database (http://proteomics-portal.ucd.ie/). Transit peptides, N-terminal acetylations and other PTMs are available via Peptideatlas (ftp://PASS00619:NM455hi@ftp.peptideatlas.org/). This dataset is associated with a research article published in the Journal of Proteomics [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Schuller
- University College Dublin, School of Veterinary Medicine, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland ; Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 128, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kjell Sergeant
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Jenny Renaut
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - John J Callanan
- University College Dublin, School of Veterinary Medicine, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland ; Conway Institute for Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland ; Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
| | - Caitriona Scaife
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jarlath E Nally
- University College Dublin, School of Veterinary Medicine, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland ; Conway Institute for Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland ; Bacterial Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, 50010, United States
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