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Wang J, Qiu Y, Zhu X. Trends of mental health care utilization among US adults from 1999 to 2018. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:665. [PMID: 37700243 PMCID: PMC10496400 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05156-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health disorders affect millions of US adults, however, the trends and related factors for mental health care utilization in the US remain unknown. AIMS Our study aimed to assess the trend of mental health utilization and related socio-demographic factors in the US. METHODS The study included 55,052 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 1999-2018. Temporal trends in the percentages of mental health care utilizers were estimated across survey cycles. Trends and linked factors of mental health care utilization were assessed by a logistic regression model, while the non-linearity was estimated by restricted cubic splines. RESULTS From 1999 to 2018, the percentage of mental health care utilizers in the US adult population increased from 7.0 to 11.3% (P < 0.001); meanwhile, the trends in males and females were consistent. The percentage increased positively with age in individuals aged 20-39 (P < 0.001) or aged 60 and over (P = 0.003). The trends were consistent in three race/ethnicity groups (P < 0.05). The logistic regression analysis revealed that several disparities existed in the subpopulations. Older age, female, lower family poverty-income ratio (PIR), chronic diseases, higher educational level, and smoking were estimated to be associated with a higher percentage of mental health care. CONCLUSIONS The percentage of mental health care utilizers took on an increasing trend in the US adult population from 1999 to 2018. These trends were also observed in the subpopulations, but with disparities. Future research for exploring factors associated with mental health care utilizations is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhe Wang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing, 210036, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Xiaozhou Zhu
- Department of Medical Insurance, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Imamatsu Y, Oe N, Ito E, Iwata Y, Arimoto A, Kobayashi K, Tadaka E. Subjective Well-Being and Related Factors among Independent, Healthy, Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2211. [PMID: 37570451 PMCID: PMC10418987 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11152211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Subjective well-being (SWB) is internationally recognized as an important health-related factor for most age groups and is particularly influential for life quality and expectancy in independent, healthy, community-dwelling older adults. However, the physical function and community participation correlates of SWB in independent living older adults in super-aging societies and other influencing factors remain underexplored. (2) Methods: A total of 926 independent, healthy, community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and above registered in Yokohama, Japan, were included. Respondents' mean age was 78.1 years (standard deviation = 6.7), and 74.0% were women. The dependent variable was SWB. The independent variables were respondents' demographic characteristics, physical factors (visual, hearing, and cognitive functions, and mobility), and community and social factors (participation in community groups, social networks, and community commitment. (3) Results: The mean (standard deviation) WHO-5 score was 16.3 (5.1). Significant factors associated with WHO-5 score were visual function (odds ratio [OR]: 0.708; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.352-0.690), hearing function (OR: 0.615; CI: 0.431-0.878), community groups (OR: 1.310; CI: 1.003-1.059), community commitments (OR: 1.180; CI: 1.132-1.231), and social networks (OR: 1.525; CI: 1.142-2.037) adjusted for the effects of demographic factors. (4) Conclusions: These findings are important because factors associated with SWB are likely to contribute to individual well-being and longevity and to developing a healthy super-aged society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Imamatsu
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Fukuura 3-9, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (Y.I.)
| | - Nanami Oe
- Department of Community and Public Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, K12-N5, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (N.O.)
| | - Eriko Ito
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Fukuura 3-9, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (Y.I.)
| | - Yuka Iwata
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Fukuura 3-9, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (Y.I.)
| | - Azusa Arimoto
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Fukuura 3-9, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (Y.I.)
| | - Kisaki Kobayashi
- Department of Community and Public Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, K12-N5, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (N.O.)
| | - Etsuko Tadaka
- Department of Community and Public Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, K12-N5, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (N.O.)
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Engagement in Online Communities by New Mothers in Recovery from Opioid Use Disorder. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 2023; 48:82-87. [PMID: 36729885 DOI: 10.1097/nmc.0000000000000893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the role of engagement with online communities by women using medication-assisted treatment (MAT) to manage recovery from opioid use disorder (OUD) during pregnancy and the first year after birth. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Ten participants were identified through purposive sampling for this secondary data analysis as part of a larger grounded theory study about ways women using MAT for recovery from OUD meet the needs of their mother-infant dyad. Inclusion criteria included: English-speaking, 18 years of age or older, living in the United States, within the first year after birth, using MAT to manage OUD, and identified engaging with online communities during pregnancy and/or postpartum. A categorical-content narrative approach was used. RESULTS Three narratives were identified from the analysis, belonging , collaboration , and expecting success . CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Engagement in online communities can be a meaningful adjunct or replacement for in-person support. Online spaces are available 24/7 and allow people to join a community where they will not experience stigma and can find support tailored to their needs. Health care providers could extend their care for mothers affected by OUD by referring them to online communities for support of recovery self-management efforts.
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Schmutte T, Ponte K, Davidson L. Use of Online Peer Support Groups Among People Living With or Supporting Someone With Mental Illness. Psychiatr Serv 2023; 74:217. [PMID: 36722095 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.20220352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Schmutte
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (all authors); ForLikeMinds, New York City (Ponte)
| | - Katherine Ponte
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (all authors); ForLikeMinds, New York City (Ponte)
| | - Larry Davidson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (all authors); ForLikeMinds, New York City (Ponte)
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Flickinger TE, Campbell BR, Timm A, Baee S, Datta D, Shenoi SV, Rozanova J, Dillingham R. Use of a Mobile Health Intervention by Older Versus Younger People with HIV: Analysis of Usage, Social Support, and Network Interactions. TELEMEDICINE REPORTS 2022; 3:191-200. [PMID: 36636167 PMCID: PMC9811827 DOI: 10.1089/tmr.2022.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with HIV in the United States are aging, with risk for negative health outcomes from social isolation. PositiveLinks is a mobile health (mHealth) intervention that includes an anonymous Community Message Board (CMB) for peer-to-peer conversations. We investigated differences in CMB usage and social support between younger (<50 years) and older (≥50) members. METHODS We assessed the relationship between age groups and app use using chi-square tests. CMB posts were analyzed qualitatively to categorize forms of social support. To have a visual understanding of this relationship, we created a network diagram to display interactions among PL members. RESULTS Among 87 participants, 31 (42.5%) were in the older age group. Older members launched the app more often at 6 months (445.5 vs. 240.5 mean launches per participant, p ≤ 0.001) and 12 months (712.3 vs. 292.6 launches, p ≤ 0.001) compared with younger members. Older members also demonstrated more CMB posts at 6 months (47.4 vs. 7.6 mean posts per participant, p = 0.02) and 12 months (77.5 vs. 10.6 posts, p = 0.04). Of 1861 CMB posts, 7% sought support and 72% provided support. In addition, the network visualization showed that four participants, who were in the older age group, had more post generation than others and most of their posts provided support. CONCLUSIONS Older PL members demonstrated significantly more app use than younger members, including CMB posts for social support. This durable app engagement indicates that mHealth can enable social connection among people living with chronic disease across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabor E. Flickinger
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Breanna R. Campbell
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Allyson Timm
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Sonia Baee
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Debajyoti Datta
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Sheela V. Shenoi
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Julia Rozanova
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rebecca Dillingham
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Havlik S, Malott KM, Gamerman T, Okonya P. Working Across Differences While Online: Examining the Experience of Facilitating a Virtual Group. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COUNSELLING 2022; 45:291-309. [PMID: 36466590 PMCID: PMC9685035 DOI: 10.1007/s10447-022-09496-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of literature illustrates the benefits of online groups for clients, but few studies have examined counselors' experience facilitating such groups, particularly in regard to counselor work with clients of differing sociodemographic traits. In this study, graduate-level counseling students facilitated two psychoeducational college counseling groups via an online platform. Groups were tailored for Black and/or African American first-generation college students (FGCS) enrolled in urban high schools. Facilitator experiences using an online platform and counseling across sociodemographic variables were explored. Themes included barriers to cohesion building, difficulty of power/oppression discussions via a virtual setting, and adjusting tactics and expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Havlik
- Department of Education and Counseling, Villanova University, SAC 356, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085 USA
| | - Krista M. Malott
- Department of Education and Counseling, Villanova University, SAC 356, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085 USA
| | - Tracy Gamerman
- Department of Education and Counseling, Villanova University, SAC 356, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085 USA
| | - Pieta Okonya
- Department of Education and Counseling, Villanova University, SAC 356, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085 USA
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Hernández JC, Perez M, Hoek HW. Update on the epidemiology and treatment of eating disorders among Hispanic/Latinx Americans in the United States. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2022; 35:379-384. [PMID: 36093972 PMCID: PMC10317479 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides a 6-year update on the prevalence and treatment of eating disorders among Hispanic/Latinx Americans in the United States. RECENT FINDINGS Prevalence of eating disorders tends to be lower in Hispanic/Latinx American adolescents and adults relative to non-Hispanic White peers. Numerous risk factors for disordered eating symptoms have been identified, including negative body image, depression, sexual assault and culturally specific risk factors, including ethnic discrimination and acculturative stress. Hispanic/Latinx individuals seek treatment less often with the most influential barriers being cost of treatment, eating disorder stigma, eating disorder shame and mental health shame in general. Limited research on the treatment for eating disorders continue to persist. Culturally adapted cognitive behavioural therapy yielded similar outcomes to traditional cognitive behaviour therapy and had better treatment adherence and retention rates. SUMMARY The medical and sociopolitical climate of the United States has changed significantly since our previous review. The need for research on the effectiveness of eating disorder treatments for Hispanic/Latinx Americans remains important for one of the fastest growing populations in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Hernández
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Marisol Perez
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Hans W. Hoek
- Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center of Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Gold KJ, Boggs ME, Plegue MA, Andalibi N. Online Support Groups for Perinatal Loss: A Pilot Feasibility Study for Women of Color. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2022; 25:534-539. [PMID: 35861706 PMCID: PMC11071102 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2021.0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We tested use of an online support group for women of color who had experienced stillbirth or early infant loss. We recruited recently bereaved mothers and asked them to participate in an existing online community for pregnancy and infant loss hosted on a commercial platform. Participants were asked to go online at least three times weekly for 6 weeks to read posts. Using a mixed-methods approach, we assessed attitudes toward online support, mental health, and experiences pre- and postintervention using written surveys and a brief phone interview. We used summary statistics for quantitative data and a deductive coding approach for qualitative data. Twenty participants completed the study. We found nonsignificant improvements in all four mental health domains (depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, moderate-severe generalized anxiety, and perinatal grief). Women reported the group allowed them to help others and feel less alone. They also reported that at times, posts could increase the intensity of their loss emotions. This study demonstrated feasibility to recruit, retain, and track participation in an online support group for perinatally-bereaved mothers of color. Although the study was not powered for outcome, all mental health measures showed nonsignificant improvements, suggesting value in further investigating online social support for improving women's mental health after perinatal loss. Clinical Trial Registration: Registered on clinicaltrials.gov [NCT04600076], October 19, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Gold
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Martha E Boggs
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Melissa A Plegue
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nazanin Andalibi
- School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Sahker E, Pro G, Sakata M, Poudyal H, Jordan A, Furukawa TA. Factors supporting substance use improvement for Black Americans: A population health observational study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 234:109405. [PMID: 35316688 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Black clients in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment are associated with the lowest successful completion and substance use reductions. More work is needed to identify specific factors that support successful recovery of Black clients. METHODS Data from U.S. outpatient SUD treatment facilities receiving public funding from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed (N = 2239,197). Primary analyses consisted of Black clients (n = 277,726) reporting admission and discharge substance use frequency. Multiple logistic regression was used to predict substance use frequency improvement from Black client demographic, recovery capital, treatment characteristics, and state. Disparities were compared between Black and non-Black clients. RESULTS The overall Black client improvement percentage was 46.95%. Mutual-help group attendance and Length of Stay demonstrated clinically meaningful effect sizes controlling for all other variables and state. Attending mutual-help groups 8-30 times per month (State aOR = 2.54, 95% CI = 2.43, 2.64) and outpatient treatment stays of 4 months or more (State aOR = 2.50, 95% CI = 2.44, 2.56) were factors supporting Black client improvement. Importantly, states are associated with disparate Black client risk differences and only South Dakota had greater Black improvement (RD = 6.35, 95% CI = 1.00, 11.71). CONCLUSIONS Black client factors supporting substance use improvement include ancillary mutual-help group attendance and increased treatment retention. These factors may be more critical in states with larger Black improvement disparities. In general, treatment providers increasing access to mutual-help groups, and adjusting program inclusiveness and motivational factors for retention, would make strides in increasing improvement outcomes for Black clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Sahker
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine / School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Population Health and Policy Research Unit, Medical Education Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - George Pro
- Southern Public Health and Criminal Justice Research Center, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - Masatsugu Sakata
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine / School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Hemant Poudyal
- Population Health and Policy Research Unit, Medical Education Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Ayana Jordan
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Toshi A Furukawa
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine / School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Hai AH, Oh S, Lee CS, Kelly JF, Vaughn MG, Salas-Wright CP. Mutual-help group participation for substance use problems in the US: Correlates and trends from 2002 to 2018. Addict Behav 2022; 128:107232. [PMID: 35042001 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutual-help groups (MHGs) are an integral component of the substance use disorder (SUD) treatment system in the U.S., and growing evidence suggests that they are effective and cost-effective for SUD-related problems. However, not much is known about the MHG participation patterns in the U.S. METHODS Using the 2002-2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data, we estimated the annual participation rates and examined the psycho-social-behavioral correlates of MHG participation using logistic regression. RESULTS There was no significant linear trend of MHG participation in the total US adult population between 2002 and 2018 (AOR = 0.999, 95% CI = 0.991-1.007). Among adults with past-year SUD, 4.8-7.4% of men and 4.4-6.7% of women participated in MHGs. MHG participants were more likely to be middle-aged (vs. young adults), lower education (less than high school, high school, some college vs. college or higher), lower income (annual household income <$20,000, $20,000-39,999 vs. $75,000 + ), be unemployed or not in the labor force (vs. employed), and were less likely to be Black/African American (vs. White American) and have lower English proficiency (speak English not well/not at all vs. very well/well),. CONCLUSION MHG participation rates have remained relatively stable over the past two decades. MHGs were utilized more by individuals with lower socioeconomic status indicators and more criminal/legal involvement, possibly due to MHGs' free accessibility. However, research is needed to understand why young adults, Black, and individuals with lower English proficiency are somewhat less likely to attend MHGs.
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Guo L, Fan H, Xu Z, Li J, Chen T, Zhang Z, Yang K. Prevalence and changes in depressive symptoms among postgraduate students: A systematic review and meta-analysis from 1980 to 2020. Stress Health 2021; 37:835-847. [PMID: 33871902 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Education actively helps us develop our well-being and health, but postgraduate students are at high risk of depression. The prevalence of depression symptoms varies from 6.2% to 84.7% among them, and its changes throughout the years remains unclear. The present study aimed to estimate the real prevalence of depression symptoms among postgraduate students and the changes from 1980 to 2020. Thirty-seven primary studies with 41 independent reports were included in the meta-analysis (none reports were in high-quality, three were medium-to-high quality, 20 were low-to-medium quality, and 18 were low-quality), involving 27,717 postgraduate students. The pooled prevalence of overall, mild, moderate, and severe depression symptoms was 34% (95% CI: 28-40, I2 = 98.6%), 27% (95% CI: 22-32, I2 = 85.8%), 13% (95% CI: 8-21, I2 = 97.3%), and 8% (95% CI: 6-11, I2 = 81.0%), respectively. Overall, the prevalence of depression symptoms remained relatively constant through the years following 1980 (overall: β = -0.12, 95% CI: [-0.39, 0.15], p = 0.39; mild: β = 0.24, 95% CI: [-0.02, 0.51], p = 0.07; moderate: β = -0.24, 95% CI: [-0.75, 0.26], p = 0.34; severe: β = 0.13, 95% CI: [-0.25, 0.51], p = 0.50). Doctoral students experienced more depressive symptoms than did master's students (43% vs. 27%; Q = 2.23, df = 1, p = 0.13), and studies utilising non-random sampling methods reported a higher prevalence of mild depression and lower moderate depression symptoms than those that used random sampling (overall: 34% vs. 29%; Q = 0.45, df = 1, p = 0.50; mild: 29% vs. 21%; Q = 1.69, df = 1, p = 0.19; moderate: 16% vs. 25%; Q = 1.79, df = 1, p = 0.18; severe: 8% vs. 9%; Q = 0.13, df = 1, p = 0.72) despite these differences was not statistically significant. The prevalence of depression symptoms was moderated by the measurements and the quality of primary studies. More than one-third of postgraduates reported depression symptoms, which indicates the susceptibility to mental health risk among postgraduates. School administrators, teachers, and students should take joint actions to prevent mental disorders of postgraduates from increasing in severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Guo
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Evidence-based Social Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huiyong Fan
- School of Education, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Evidence-based Social Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jieyun Li
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Evidence-based Social Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Taolin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyao Zhang
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,School of Foreign Language, Lanzhou University of Arts and Science, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Evidence-based Social Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
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LSD use in the United States: Trends, correlates, and a typology of us. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 223:108715. [PMID: 33887665 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent years have witnessed an increased interest in LSD. This study investigates current information on the trends and correlates of LSD use from years 2002-2018 and seeks to develop an initial typology of use and misuse. METHODS Data is taken from the NSDUH (National Survey on Drug Use and Health) collected between 2002 and 2018 and trends and correlates of LSD use were analyzed with a survey adjusted logistic regression. RESULTS Our findings indicate that LSD use has increased 200 % over the study period (.23 % 2002-2005 to .72 % 2015-2018, AOR = 1.10, 95 % CI = 1.08, 1.12). Our findings also indicate several correlates of LSD use including higher levels of education (college degrees: AOR = 1.62, 95 % CI = 1.23, 2.13), not being married (divorced or separated, AOR = 2.31, 95 % CI = 1.44, 3.73, and have never been married, AOR = 5.67, f 95 % CI = 4.09, 7.86), as well as higher levels of antisocial behavior (having been arrested AOR = 3.20, 95 % CI = 2.50, 4.09) and comorbid mental health and substance abuse disorders (serious psychological distress, AOR = 2.39, 95 % CI = 2.05, 2.80). Further, four distinct subclasses were also discovered within LSD users and two of these subtypes of LSD users contained comorbid mental health disturbances and heavy involvement in the criminal justice system. CONCLUSION LSD use has been on the rise within the last decades, particularly among those who are well educated. Two subclasses of LSD use (those with severe comorbid mental health disorders and those with criminal justice involvement) may require further interventions.
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Responding to the Psychological Needs of Health-Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Study from the Medical College of Wisconsin. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2021; 29:150-161. [PMID: 34059975 PMCID: PMC8166374 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-021-09791-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, health-care workers have been faced with an inordinately high level of trauma as frontline providers. The Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) partnered with affiliate hospitals and community partners to mobilize a matrix of available support and interventions to deliver psychological services to reach all levels of health-care providers in timely, accessible formats. While virtual peer support groups were the most utilized resource among the support group options, other opportunities also provided unique benefits to learners whose education had been disrupted by the pandemic. Mental health must be prioritized for health-care workers in the event of future public health crises. Lessons learned from this pandemic indicate that it is critical to involve learners early on in the process in order to meet their educational needs and to increase access to evidence-based care.
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Wallace MK, Still CH, Jeanblanc AB, Musil CM. Successful and Cost-Effective Facebook Recruitment: Is It Possible? Results From a Longitudinal Randomized Clinical Trial in Grandmother Caregivers. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2021; 93:1031-1050. [PMID: 33593072 DOI: 10.1177/0091415020987667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Facebook is often cited in health-related research as a practical option to recruit participants into research studies, but issues with recruiting verifiable and qualified participants and unpredictable costs exist. The purpose of this paper is to describe a social network theory-guided, no-cost, Facebook recruitment strategy in comparison to a traditional recruitment campaign for a national online intervention study for grandmother caregivers (n = 348); 211 participants were recruited via Facebook, and 137 through traditional techniques. Participation rates did not vary by recruitment method. Facebook participants were slightly older, higher income, and more likely to be white and married, but did not differ in education levels. Our strategy quickly obtained an engaged and committed participant base. The application of social network theory to traditional recruitment strategies represents a novel way for researchers to recruit through Facebook and yield viable and engaged participants without investing in Facebook ads.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKenzie K Wallace
- 2546 Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Carolyn H Still
- 2546 Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alexandra B Jeanblanc
- 2546 Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Carol M Musil
- 2546 Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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