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Hassan A, Jalil A, Ilyas SZ, Iqbal MF, Ali Shah SZ, Baqir Y. Green-route synthesis and ab-initio studies of a highly efficient nano photocatalyst:Ce/zinc-oxide nanopetals. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25581. [PMID: 38356607 PMCID: PMC10864955 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present work, Zinc-oxide nanostructures and Ce/Zinc-oxide nanopetals were synthesized by a new environmentally friendly green synthesis method using the Withania coagulans plant. Cerium nitrate Ce(NO3)3 and zinc nitrate Zn(NO3)2 were used as precursors. The prepared nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-vis). Crystal planes (100), (002), (101), (102), (110), (103), (200), (112) and (201) at 2θ 31.75°, 34.35°, 36.2°, 47.55°, 56.6°, 62.75°, 66.3°, 67.9°, and 69.09° respectively confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure of Zinc-oxide. Angular shifts for Ce1% doped Zinc-oxide and Ce3% doped Zinc-oxide nanopetal nanostructures were observed in the (100) and (101) planes of the crystal. More specifically, using Scherrer's equation, the crystallite sizes of Zinc-oxide, Ce1% doped Zinc-oxide nanopetals, Ce3% doped Zinc-oxide nanopetals, and Ce5% doped Zinc-oxide nanopetals were 16.48 ± 02 nm, 17.8 ± 2 nm, 18.8 ± 2 nm, and 18.87 ± 2 nm, respectively. The pure Zinc-oxide grain had the appearance of a nanoflower. On the other hand, the nanopetal structure of Ce5% doped Zinc-oxide nanopetals had oval-shaped nanopetal morphology. The absorption peaks were observed at 373, 376.4, 377, and 378 nm for Zinc-oxide, Ce1% doped Zinc-oxide nanopetals, Ce3% doped Zinc-oxide nanopetals, and Ce5% doped Zinc-oxide nanopetals, respectively, which results in a progressive redshift. The gap energies of Zinc-oxide, Ce1% doped Zinc-oxide nanopetals, Ce3% doped Zinc-oxide nanopetals, and Ce5% doped Zinc-oxide nanopetals were 2.796, 2.645, 2.534, and 2.448 eV, respectively. Photodegradation under visible light (>400 nm) indicates the high efficiency of the photocatalyst based on Ce5% doped Zinc-oxide nanopetals. DFT calculations, structural changes, charge analysis, and electronic band structures were carried out to confirm the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ather Hassan
- Department of Physics, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jalil
- Department of Physics, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Zafar Ilyas
- Department of Physics, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faisal Iqbal
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | | | - Yadullah Baqir
- Department of Agriculture, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Rani M, Yadav J, Shanker U, Sillanpää M. Green Synthesized Zinc Derived Nanocomposites with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity: An Updated Review on Structural Modification, Scientific Assessment and Environmental Applications. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.110246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nehra P, Khatri A, Kumar A, Singh S, Rana PS. Synthesis and characterization of rare earth metal doped tungsten trioxide photocatalyst for the degradation of rhodamine B dye. J RARE EARTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Eshaq G, M A, Khan MA, Alothman ZA, Sillanpää M. A novel Sm doped Cr 2O 3 sesquioxide-decorated MWCNTs heterostructured Fenton-like with sonophotocatalytic activities under visible light irradiation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:127812. [PMID: 34844808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Novel Sm doped Cr2O3 decorated MWCNTs nanocomposite photocatalyst was successfully prepared by a facile hydrothermal method for metoprolol (MET) degradation. A heterogeneous photo -Fenton like system was formed with the addition of H2O2 for ultrasonic irradiation (US), visible light irradiation (Vis) and dual irradiation (US/Vis) systems. The intrinsic characteristics of Sm doped Cr2O3 decorated MWCNTs nanocomposite was comprehensively performed using state-of-art characterization tools. Optical studies confirmed that Sm doping shifted the absorbance of Cr2O3 towards the visible-light region, further enhanced by MWCNTs incorporation. In this study, degradation of metoprolol (MET) was investigated in the presence of Cr2O3 nanoparticles, Sm doped Cr2O3 and Sm doped Cr2O3 decorated MWCNTs nanocomposites using sonocatalysis and photocatalysis and simultaneously. Several different experimental parameters, including irradiation time, H2O2 concentration, catalyst amount, initial concentration, and pH value, were optimized. The remarkably enhanced sonophotocatalytic activity of Sm doped Cr2O3 decorated MWCNTs could be attributed to the more formation of reactive radicals and the excellent electronical property of Sm doping and MWCNTs. The rate constant of degradation using sonophotocatalytic system was even higher than the sum of rates of individual systems due to its synergistic performance based on the kinetic data. A plausible mechanism for the degradation of MET over Sm-Cr2O3/MWCNTs is also demonstrated by using active species scavenger studies and EPR spectroscopy. Our findings imply that (•OH), (h+) and (•O2-) were the reactive species responsible for the degradation of MET based on the special three-way Fenton-like mechanism and the dissociation of H2O2. The durability and stability of the nanocomposite were also performed, and the obtained results revealed that the catalysts can endure the harsh sonophotocatalytic conditions even after fifth cycles. Mineralization experiments using the optimized parameters were evaluated as well. The kinetics and the reaction mechanism with the possible reasons for the synergistic effect were presented. Identification of degraded intermediates also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gh Eshaq
- Department of Separation Science, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland; Petrochemicals department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt
| | - Amer M
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre Siegburg-Wuppertal, University Witten, Herdecke, Germany
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid A Alothman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Applied Physics, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; School of Chemistry, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India; Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Ayon SA, Hasan S, Billah MM, Nishat SS, Kabir A. Improved luminescence and photocatalytic properties of Sm3+-doped ZnO nanoparticles via modified sol-gel route: A unified experimental and DFT+U approach. J RARE EARTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Song Z, Yu S, Wang K, Jiang Z, Xue L, Yang F. Novel Sc-doped Bi3TiNbO9ferroelectric nanofibers prepared by electrospinning for visible-light photocatalysis☆. J RARE EARTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Huang H, Zhang T, Cai X, Guo Z, Fan S, Zhang Y, Lin C, Gan T, Hu H, Huang Z. In Situ One-Pot Synthesis of C-Decorated and Cl-Doped Sea-Urchin-like Rutile Titanium Dioxide with Highly Efficient Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:60337-60350. [PMID: 34889099 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) that offers high light-harvesting capacity and efficient charge separation holds great promise in photocatalysis. In this work, an in situ one-pot hydrothermal synthesis was explored to prepare a C-decorated and Cl-doped sea-urchin-like rutile TiO2 (Cl-TiO2/C). The growth of sea-urchin-like 3D hierarchical nanostructures was governed by a mechanism of nucleation and nuclei growth-dissolution-recrystallization growth from time-dependent morphology evolution. The crystal morphology and the content of Cl and C could be controlled by the volume ratio of HCl to TBOT. Systematic studies indicated that the 0.4Cl-TiO2/C sample (the volume ratio of HCl to TBOT was 0.4) exhibited the highest visible-light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B, with kinetic rate constant (k) of 0.0221 min-1, being 6.5 and 3.75 times higher than that of TiO2 and Cl-TiO2. The enhanced photocatalytic performance could be attributed to the high charge separation and transfer efficiency induced by Cl-doping and C decoration and the excellent light-harvesting capacity caused by its sea-urchin-like nanostructure. Moreover, the 0.4Cl-TiO2/C sample exhibited good reusability and excellent structural stability for five cycles. This facile one-pot approach provides new insight for the preparation of a TiO2-based photocatalyst with excellent photocatalytic performance for potential application in practical wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmiao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiunan Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhanjing Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Songlin Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yanjuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Cuiwu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Tao Gan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Huayu Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zuqiang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Wani AA, Khan AM, Manea YK, Salem MA. Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes from aqueous environment using neodymium-doped mesoporous layered double hydroxide. J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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El Fidha G, Bitri N, Chaabouni F, Acosta S, Güell F, Bittencourt C, Casanova-Chafer J, Llobet E. Physical and photocatalytic properties of sprayed Dy doped ZnO thin films under sunlight irradiation for degrading methylene blue. RSC Adv 2021; 11:24917-24925. [PMID: 35481018 PMCID: PMC9036874 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03967a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysprosium-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films have been prepared through spray pyrolysis onto glass substrates. Cross-sections of the deposited thin films were assessed through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), showing thicknesses between 200 and 300 nm. The thin film roughness was evaluated using the obtained images from the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) micrographs. The crystallographic structure of the samples was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealing polycrystalline thin films. However, the slight shift towards a higher 2θ angle in Dy-doped ZnO films as compared to the pure ones indicates the incorporation of Dy3+ into the ZnO crystal lattice. The analysis of the oxidation state via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirms the incorporation of Dy ions in the ZnO matrix. Besides, UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometry analysis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy showed that bandgap energy values of ZnO decreased when dysprosium doping increased. Therefore, Dy doped ZnO thin films can be potentially used as a solar-light-driven photocatalyst. Among the different doping yields, the ZnO doped with 6% dysprosium provides the highest degradation rate for methylene blue (MB) under solar irradiation. Specifically, 9% of dye degradation was achieved under sunlight irradiation for 120 minutes. Dysprosium-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films prepared through spray pyrolysis show outstanding photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- G El Fidha
- Université de Tunis, École Nationale Supérieure d'ingénieurs de Tunis Avenue Taha Hussein Montfleury 1008 Tunis Tunisia.,Université de Tunis El Manar, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis, Laboratoire de Photovoltaïque et Matériaux Semi-conducteurs 1002 Tunis Tunisia
| | - N Bitri
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis, Laboratoire de Photovoltaïque et Matériaux Semi-conducteurs 1002 Tunis Tunisia
| | - F Chaabouni
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis, Laboratoire de Photovoltaïque et Matériaux Semi-conducteurs 1002 Tunis Tunisia
| | - S Acosta
- Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), Research Institute for Materials Science and Engineering, Université de Mons 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - F Güell
- ENFOCAT-IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona C/Martí i Franquès 1 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - C Bittencourt
- Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), Research Institute for Materials Science and Engineering, Université de Mons 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - J Casanova-Chafer
- MINOS, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Avda. Països Catalans, 26 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - E Llobet
- MINOS, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Avda. Països Catalans, 26 43007 Tarragona Spain
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Singh S, Kaur P, Kumar V, Tikoo K, Singhal S. Traversing the advantageous role of samarium doped spinel nanoferrites for photocatalytic removal of organic pollutants. J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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12
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Mohammad A, Khan ME, Cho MH, Yoon T. Graphitic‑carbon nitride based mixed-phase bismuth nanostructures: Tuned optical and structural properties with boosted photocatalytic performance for wastewater decontamination under visible-light irradiation. NANOIMPACT 2021; 23:100345. [PMID: 35559846 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the activities of advanced semiconductor photocatalysts, the charge carriers must be separated effectively. One strategy for achieving this is the use of heterogeneous structures, which can be prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and post-synthetic thermal and ultrasonic treatment. Herein, we report a mixed-phase composite of basic bismuth nitrate/pentabismuth heptaoxide nitrate (PC) prepared by hydrothermal synthesis under basic conditions and post-synthetic thermal treatment. In addition, sulfur-doped-graphitic carbon nitride (S-g-C3N4) was prepared and combined with PC in different ratios, denoted as PC-1, PC-2, and PC-3, using sonication-assisted treatment. The characterization of these catalysts confirmed the formation of mixed basic bismuth nitrate/pentabismuth heptaoxide nitrate phases and the composite nanostructure. The developed nanostructure showed interesting morphological features, for example, layered sheets of S-g-C3N4. The prepared PCs were tested for their visible light responsiveness for the photocatalytic degradation of a representative organic dye (Rhodamine B). We found that the modified photocatalysts showed superior activity to that of pristine PC. The optimal photocatalyst (PC-3) was also used to degrade methylene blue and Congo red, achieving 99% degradation. Thus, we present not only an efficient photocatalyst but also insights into the post-synthetic modification of basic bismuth nitrate/pentabismuth heptaoxide nitrate with stable carbon-based nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Mohammad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea.
| | - Mohammad Ehtisham Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, College of Applied Industrial Technology (CAIT), Jazan University, Jazan 45971, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Moo Hwan Cho
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Taeho Yoon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea.
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Keerthana SP, Yuvakkumar R, Kumar PS, Ravi G, Velauthapillai D. Rare earth metal (Sm) doped zinc ferrite (ZnFe 2O 4) for improved photocatalytic elimination of toxic dye from aquatic system. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111047. [PMID: 33781773 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater remediation is the serious topic that must be taken into concern which would be a most crucial problem that destroys the natural properties as well as it has some worse effect on living organisms. By doing better wastewater management, the scarcity of water for domestic purposes can be eventually managed. Dyes are main organic pollutant that must be removed from wastewater. Pristine, 1% Sm doped and 2% Sm doped ZnFe2O4 were prepared through simple co-precipitation method. The materials were further analyzed for its structure, optical properties, rotational properties and morphology studies. These analyses were investigated with respect to X-ray diffraction, UV-vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence and scanning electron microscopic studies. XRD pattern of Pristine, 1% Sm doped and 2% Sm doped ZnFe2O4 was matched with JCPDS Card #89-1012 with cubic phase. Bandgap energy of prepared samples were 1.7 eV, 1.65 eV and 1.47 eV. The prepared cationic dye was degraded with help of visible light irradiation. 2% Sm doped ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles easily removed 65% of dye within 1 h duration. 2% Sm doped ZnFe2O4 was tested for its reusability and efficiency was stable for more than three cycles. This shows the stability of the sample towards degrading the cationic dye. By the doping of Samarium, ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles enthusiastically removed cationic dye and it proves to be an efficient candidate in removing dyes and can help in wastewater treatment in upcoming era.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Keerthana
- Department of Physics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Yuvakkumar
- Department of Physics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Deprtament of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India.
| | - G Ravi
- Department of Physics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhayalan Velauthapillai
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, 5063, Norway
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Dash D, Panda NR, Sahu D. Sm3+ driven enhancement in photocatalytic degradation of hazardous dyes and photoluminescence properties of hexagonal-ZnO nanocolumns. NANO EXPRESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/abd90b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Samarium doped ZnO (Sm-ZnO) nanocolumns were grown by wet chemical method and the doping effect of Sm3+ on visible light photocatalytic (PC) and photoluminescence (PL) properties of ZnO was investigated. Methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) were considered for the degradation study as a step initiated towards the remediation of industrial wastewater. Subsequent characterization studies by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) enumerate that the hexagonal-wurtzite structured Sm-ZnO is highly crystalline in nature and possesses hexagonal column like nano-architectures. Although, a charge imbalance exists between the ions, the substitutional effects of Sm3+ at Zn2+ sites have been observed from the XRD spectra and discussed by suitable mechanisms. FTIR measurement gives the information on the evolution of peaks related to metal-oxygen bond in Sm-ZnO which may be linked with Sm ions. PC measurement shows that the degradation efficiency of 95% can be achieved by Sm-ZnO photocatalysts in degrading MB and 91% for MO. Sm doping induces high charge separation efficiency and generation of OH ions in ZnO leading to such improvisation in degradation efficiency. The prepared Sm-ZnO nanocatalysts possess high degree of photostability and reusability even after fourth cycle of photodegradation. PL spectra show the suppression of the sharp and intense excitonic emission band of ZnO in Sm-ZnO due to low rated direct recombination of carriers. Incorporation of Sm3+ ends up with intrinsic defect mediated enhancement in the visible emissions especially in the blue, yellow and red region of light spectrum.
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Elsayed MH, Elmorsi TM, Abuelela AM, Hassan AE, Alhakemy AZ, Bakr MF, Chou HH. Direct sunlight-active Na-doped ZnO photocatalyst for the mineralization of organic pollutants at different pH mediums. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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