1
|
Ajili W, Tovani CB, Fouassier J, de Frutos M, Laurent GP, Bertani P, Djediat C, Marin F, Auzoux-Bordenave S, Azaïs T, Nassif N. Inorganic phosphate in growing calcium carbonate abalone shell suggests a shared mineral ancestral precursor. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1496. [PMID: 35314701 PMCID: PMC8938516 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29169-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of phosphate from different origins (inorganic, bioorganic) is found more and more in calcium carbonate-based biominerals. Phosphate is often described as being responsible for the stabilization of the transient amorphous calcium carbonate phase. In order to specify the composition of the mineral phase deposited at the onset of carbonated shell formation, the present study investigates, down to the nanoscale, the growing shell from the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata, using a combination of solid state nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning transmission electron microscope and spatially-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy techniques. We show the co-occurrence of inorganic phosphate with calcium and carbonate throughout the early stages of abalone shell formation. One possible hypothesis is that this first-formed mixed mineral phase represents the vestige of a shared ancestral mineral precursor that appeared early during Evolution. In addition, our findings strengthen the idea that the final crystalline phase (calcium carbonate or phosphate) depends strongly on the nature of the mineral-associated proteins in vivo. Phosphate involvement in calcium carbonate biominerals raises questions on biomineralisation pathways. Here, the authors explore the presence of phosphate in the growing shell of the European abalone and suggest a shared mixed mineral ancestral precursor with final crystal phase being selected by mineral-associated proteins.
Collapse
|
2
|
Kanold JM, Lemloh ML, Schwendt P, Burghard Z, Baier J, Herbst F, Bill J, Marin F, Brümmer F. In vivo enrichment of magnesium ions modifies sea urchin spicule properties. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1680/bbn.14.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Sea urchin embryos produce an endoskeleton composed of two symmetric spicules that consist of calcite, containing approximately 5% magnesium. The function of magnesium ions in mineral formation in vivo and the consequence of their incorporation into the mineral on mechanical properties are largely unknown. The authors investigated the in vivo effects of excess magnesium ion concentrations in the medium on skeletal development of Arbacia lixula. Morphological deformations of pluteus larval spicules were observed after cultivation in Mg2+-enriched sea water. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed that magnesium ions were homogeneously distributed for complete larvae and spicule cross-sections. Magnesium ion content was quantified by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, which revealed a considerable increased incorporation of magnesium ions into spicules of larvae from Mg2+-enriched sea water. However, no change in crystal polymorph formation was observed by X-ray diffraction. Mechanical properties of spicule cross-sections were analysed by nanoindentation and revealed significantly higher stiffness values for spicules from Mg2+-enriched sea water compared to the control, whereas no significant change in hardness values was obtained. This in vivo study shows that increased magnesium ion incorporation into sea urchin larval spicules modifies the mineral properties and supports this model to investigate the effect of minor ions on biomineralisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Maxi Kanold
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Department of Zoology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marie-Louise Lemloh
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Department of Zoology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring, Stuttgart, Germany
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Biomineralization Group, Campus D2 2, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Peggy Schwendt
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Department of Zoology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Zaklina Burghard
- Institute for Materials Science, University of Stuttgart, Heisenbergstrasse, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Baier
- Institute for Materials Science, University of Stuttgart, Heisenbergstrasse, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frédéric Herbst
- ICB, UMR 5209 – DAI, Université de Bourgogne, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Dijon, France
| | - Joachim Bill
- Professor, Institute for Materials Science, University of Stuttgart, Heisenbergstrasse, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frédéric Marin
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, Dijion, France
| | - Franz Brümmer
- Professor, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Department of Zoology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring, Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|