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Tang J, Yuan M, Wang J, Li Q, Huang B, Wei L, Liu Y, Han Y, Zhang X, Wang X, Zhang M, Wang X. Identification and characterization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri during gonadal development. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1180725. [PMID: 37324384 PMCID: PMC10264684 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1180725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) controls synthesis of sex steroid hormones through hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in vertebrates. But in mollusks, research on neuroendocrine control of gonadal function, such as the function of GnRH during gonadal development is limited. In this study, we investigated the morphology and structure of the nerve ganglia of Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri by physiological and histological observations. We also cloned the ORF and studied the expression patterns of GnRH in the scallop. Tissue expression analysis showed that GnRH was highly expressed in parietovisceral ganglion (PVG). The in situ hybridization result further confirmed that GnRH mRNA only distributed in some good-sized neurons in the posterior lobe (PL) and some pint-sized neurons in the lateral lobe (LL). In addition, by examining the expression of GnRH during gonadal development in ganglia, we found GnRH displayed higher expression in the female scallops, and showed significant high expression at the growing stage of female scallops in PVG. This study would contribute to gaining insight into the mechanism underlying reproduction regulation by GnRH in the scallop and help to provide a better understanding of reproductive neuroendocrine in mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyan Tang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | | | - Jia Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Baoyu Huang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yijing Han
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xuekai Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Meiwei Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
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2
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Li M, Tang J, Yuan M, Huang B, Liu Y, Wei L, Han Y, Zhang X, Wang X, Yu G, Sang X, Fan N, Cai S, Zheng Y, Zhang M, Wang X. Outer fold is sole effective tissue among three mantle folds with regard to oyster shell colour. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124655. [PMID: 37121412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Molluscs constitute the second largest phylum of animals in the world, and shell colour is one of their most important phenotypic characteristics. In this study, we found among three folds on the mantle edge of oyster, only the outer fold had the same colour as the shell. Transcriptome and mantle cutting experiment indicated that the outer fold may be mainly reflected in chitin framework formation and biomineralisation. There were obvious differences in SEM structure and protein composition between the black and white shell periostraca. The black shell periostraca had more proteins related to melanin biosynthesis and chitin binding. Additionally, we identified an uncharacterized protein gene (named as CgCBP) ultra-highly expressed only in the black outer fold and confirmed its function of chitin-binding and CaCO3 precipitation promoting. RNAi also indicated that CgCBP knockdown could change the structure of shell periostracum and reduce shell pigmentation. All these results suggest that the mantle outer fold plays multiple key roles in shell periostraca bioprocessing, and shell periostracum structure affected by chitin-binding protein is functionally correlated with shell pigmentation. The investigation of oyster shell periostracum structure and shell colour will provide a better understanding in pigmentation during biological mineralisation in molluscs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Juyan Tang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | | | - Baoyu Huang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yijing Han
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xuekai Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Guoxu Yu
- Changdao National Marine Park Management Center, Yantai, China
| | - Xiuxiu Sang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Nini Fan
- Changdao Enhancement and Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Shuai Cai
- Changdao Enhancement and Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Yanxin Zheng
- Changdao Enhancement and Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Meiwei Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China.
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China.
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3
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Luo BY, Fang X, Wang CZ, Yao CJ, Li Z, He XY, Xiong XY, Xie CZ, Lai XL, Zhang ZH, Qiu GF. Identification of GnRH-like peptide and its potential signaling pathway involved in the oocyte meiotic maturation in the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124326. [PMID: 37011757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) plays a pivotal role in reproductive regulation in vertebrates. However, GnRH was rarely isolated and its function remains poorly characterized in invertebrates. The existence of GnRH in ecdysozoa has been controversial for a long. Here, we isolated and identified two GnRH-like peptides from brain tissues in Eriocheir sinensis. Immunolocalization showed that the presence of EsGnRH-like peptide in brain, ovary and hepatopancreas. Synthetic EsGnRH-like peptides can induce germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) of oocyte. Similar to vertebrates, ovarian transcriptomic analysis revealed a GnRH signaling pathway in the crab, in which most genes exhibited dramatically high expression at GVBD. RNAi knockdown of EsGnRHR suppressed the expression of most genes in the pathway. Co-transfection of the expression plasmid pcDNA3.1-EsGnRHR with reporter plasmid CRE-luc or SRE-luc into 293T cells showed that EsGnRHR transduces its signal via cAMP and Ca2+ signaling transduction pathways. In vitro incubation of the crab oocyte with EsGnRH-like peptide confirmed the cAMP-PKA cascade and Ca2+ mobilization signaling cascade but lack of a PKC cascade. Our data present the first direct evidence of the existence of GnRH-like peptides in the crab and demonstrated its conserved role in the oocyte meiotic maturation as a primitive neurohormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Yun Luo
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Cheng-Jie Yao
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhen Li
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xue-Ying He
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xin-Yi Xiong
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Chi-Zhen Xie
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xing-Lin Lai
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Gao-Feng Qiu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Ethanolamine plasmalogens derived from scallops stimulate both follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone secretion by bovine gonadotrophs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16789. [PMID: 36202862 PMCID: PMC9537335 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20794-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain ethanolamine plasmalogens (EPls) are the only known ligands of G-protein-coupled receptor 61, a novel receptor that stimulates follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), but not luteinizing hormone (LH), secretion by bovine gonadotrophs. We hypothesized that the recently developed neuroprotective EPls extracted from scallop (Pecten yessoensis) (scallop EPls) could stimulate FSH secretion by gonadotrophs. To test this hypothesis, bovine gonadotrophs were cultured for 3.5 days and treated with increasing concentrations of scallop EPls. FSH secretion was stimulated by all tested concentrations of scallop EPls (P < 0.05). Surprisingly, LH secretion was stimulated by both 0.5 (P < 0.05) and 5 (P < 0.01) ng/mL of scallop EPls. To clarify the important differences between bovine brain and scallop EPls, we utilized two-dimensional liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, which revealed 44 peaks, including 10 large peaks. Among them, eight were scallop-specific EPl molecular species, occupying approximately 58% of the total area percentage of scallop EPls. Almost all large peaks contained 4, 5, or 6 unsaturated double bonds in the carbon chain at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone. Our results showed that EPls from scallops, lacking pituitary glands, stimulated both FSH and LH secretion by bovine gonadotrophs.
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Ojima D, Hirano-Maeda Y, Matsubara A, Amano M. Changes in gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the cerebral ganglion of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum during gonadal development. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 270:111228. [PMID: 35489608 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) plays an important role in reproduction in both vertebrates and invertebrates; however, little is known about GnRH during gonadal development in bivalves. We developed a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) for Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum GnRH (rpGnRH) and measured the amount of rpGnRH in the cerebral ganglion (CG) and sex steroid hormones in the hemolymph during gonadal development. The cross-reactivity of the anti-rpGnRH antibody against other forms of GnRH was <0.15%, and the displacement curve obtained for serially diluted CG extracts was parallel to the rpGnRH standard curve, confirming the suitability of the TR-FIA system. Based on histological observation, gonadal development of the clams was classified into early developing (stage 1), late developing (stage 2), ripe (stage 3), and partially spent (stage 4). In female clams, rpGnRH levels in the CG peaked at stage 1, and 17β-estradiol (E2) levels in the hemolymph peaked at stage 2. The rpGnRH levels in males and hemolymph testosterone levels in both sexes did not differ significantly across stages. Hemolymph E2 levels in males were below the detection limit for the TR-FIA. These results suggest that rpGnRH and E2 secretion in females can activate ovarian development of the Manila clam at the early and late developing stages, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ojima
- Momoshima Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute (FTI), Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency (FRA), Onomichi, Hiroshima 722-0061, Japan.
| | - Yuki Hirano-Maeda
- Momoshima Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute (FTI), Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency (FRA), Onomichi, Hiroshima 722-0061, Japan
| | - Aoba Matsubara
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Masafumi Amano
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
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6
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Shangguan X, Mao Y, Wang X, Liu M, Wang Y, Wang G, Li J. Cyp17a effected by endocrine disruptors and its function in gonadal development of Hyriopsis cumingii. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 323-324:114028. [PMID: 35314150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens and androgens that coexist in the aquatic environment could potentially affect shellfish, however, endocrine disrupting effects of them in shellfish are significant. As an important aquaculture shellfish in China, Hyriopsis cumingii has remarkable economic benefits. In this study, the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals on the steroid synthase Hc-Cyp17a in the male and female gonads of the H. cumingii were assessed by exposing juvenile mussels to cultured waters containing 17β-Estradiol (E2) and 17α-Methyltestosterone (MT) for 28 days. At the same time, the E2 content in the four stages of gonadal development, the expression changes of Hc-Cyp17a in gonadal development and its localization in the mature gonad were measured to explore the relationship between genes and hormones. The results showed that both E2 and MT at 50 ng/L and 200 ng/L could affect the transcription level of Hc-Cyp17a, which was inhibited initially and promoted in post-development. E2 content was positively correlated with gonadal development stage, which was in mussel. By tracing the expression of Hc-Cyp17a, difference was found during different developmental periods. The expression level in ovary was higher than that in testis during gonadal development of 1/ 2/ 3-year-old mussels and showed an increasing trend with age. Furthermore, the expression levels in 6 tissues of mature individuals were measured and it showed that there was a significant difference between male and female in the gonads (p < 0.01). In situ hybridization, it suggested that Hc-Cyp17a was significantly signaled in the follicular wall and oocyte of female and in the follicular membrane of testis, respectively. These results could play a vital role in assessing and understanding the effects of aquatic environment on the endocrine system of H. cumingii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhao Shangguan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yingrui Mao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yayu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Guiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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7
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Liu L, Liu T, Wu S, Li Y, Wei H, Zhang L, Shu Y, Yang Y, Xing Q, Wang S, Zhang L. Discovery of Nanos1 and Nanos2/3 as Germ Cell Markers During Scallop Gonadal Development. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:408-416. [PMID: 35362875 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10124-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanos are conserved genes involved in germline cell specification and differentiation. However, little is known about the role of different members of Nanos family in germ cell development in mollusks. In the present study, we conducted genome-wide identification of Nanos family in an economically important scallop Patinopecten yessoensis, and detected their expression in adult tissues and during early development. Two Nanos genes (PyNanos1, PyNanos2/3) were identified, both of which have the N-terminal NOT1-interacting motif and C-terminal (CCHC)2 zinc finger domain. Expression profiles showed that PyNanos1 and PyNanos2/3 were primarily expressed in the gonads, with PyNanos1 being localized in the oogonia, oocytes, and spermatogonia, while PyNanos2/3 being specifically in spermatogonia. The results suggest that PyNanos are germ cell specific and may play crucial roles in gametogenesis in the scallop. PyNanos1 is a maternal gene, which is distributed uniformly at early cleavage, and restricted to 2-3 cell clusters from blastulae to trochophore larvae, suggesting its potential role in the formation of PGCs. Zygotically expressed PyNanos2/3 displayed a similar signal with PyNanos1 in the trochophore larvae, suggesting it may also participate in the formation and/or maintenance of PGCs. This study will benefit germplasm exploitation and conservation in bivalves, and facilitate a better understanding of the evolution of Nanos family and the role of different Nanos in germ cell development in mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjie Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Tian Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shaoxuan Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yajuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Huilan Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijing Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya Shu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaxin Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiang Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology & Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Shi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology & Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Marine Germplasm Resources and Breeding Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology & Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China.
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Zeng Q, Hu B, Blanco AH, Zhang W, Zhao D, Martínez P, Hong Y. Full-Length Transcriptome Sequences Provide Insight Into Hermaphroditism of Freshwater Pearl Mussel Hyriopsis schlegelii. Front Genet 2022; 13:868742. [PMID: 35401664 PMCID: PMC8987123 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.868742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The freshwater mussel Hyriopsis schlegelii is a cultured bivalve in China, and the quality of the pearls produced is affected by the type of gonads. However, because of the lack of a published genome and the complexity of sex determination, research on sex reversal and development of this species is limited. In this study, Illumina RNA-seq and PacBio Isoform Sequencing (Iso-Seq) were combined to analyze the gonads of H. schlegelii. A total of 201,481 high-quality transcripts were generated. The study identified 7,922 differentially expressed genes in three comparison group (females versus males, hermaphrodites versus females, and hermaphrodites versus males). Twenty-four genes were identified as potential sex-related genes, including sox9 and wnt4 involved in sex determination, and vtg, cyp17a1 and 17β-hsd2 involved in gonadal development. We also speculated a possible pathways for the formation of hermaphroditism in H. schlegelii. The data provide a clear view of the transcriptome for H. schlegelii gonads and will be valuable in elucidating the mechanisms of gonad development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Lab of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Beijuan Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Lab of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang, China
| | - Andres Hortas Blanco
- Department of Zoology Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Wanchang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Lab of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Daxian Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Lab of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Paulino Martínez
- Department of Zoology Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Yijiang Hong
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Key Lab of Aquatic Resources and Utilization of Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Yijiang Hong,
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9
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Wei H, Li W, Liu T, Li Y, Liu L, Shu Y, Zhang L, Wang S, Xing Q, Zhang L, Bao Z. Sexual Development of the Hermaphroditic Scallop Argopecten irradians Revealed by Morphological, Endocrine and Molecular Analysis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:646754. [PMID: 33796533 PMCID: PMC8007870 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.646754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous or functional hermaphrodites possessing both ovary and testis at the same time are good materials for studying sexual development. However, previous research on sex determination and differentiation was mainly conducted in gonochoristic species and studies on simultaneous hermaphrodites are still limited. In this study, we conducted a combined morphological, endocrine and molecular study on the gonadal development of a hermaphroditic scallop Argopecten irradians aged 2–10 month old. Morphological analysis showed that sex differentiation occurred at 6 months of age. By examining the dynamic changes of progesterone, testosterone and estradiol, we found testosterone and estradiol were significantly different between the ovaries and testes almost throughout the whole process, suggesting the two hormones may be involved in scallop sex differentiation. In addition, we identified two critical sex-related genes FoxL2 and Dmrt1L, and investigated their spatiotemporal expression patterns. Results showed that FoxL2 and Dmrt1L were female- and male-biased, respectively, and mainly localized in the germ cells and follicular cells, indicating their feasibility as molecular markers for early identification of sex. Further analysis on the changes of FoxL2 and Dmrt1L expression in juveniles showed that significant sexual dimorphic expression of FoxL2 occurred at 2 months of age, earlier than that of Dmrt1L. Moreover, FoxL2 expression was significantly correlated with estradiol/testosterone ratio (E2/T). All these results indicated that molecular sex differentiation occurs earlier than morphological sex differentiation, and FoxL2 may be a key driver that functions through regulating sex steroid hormones in the scallop. This study will deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying sex differentiation and development in spiralians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilan Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wanru Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Tian Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yajuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Liangjie Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya Shu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijing Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China.,Laboratory of Tropical Marine Germplasm Resources and Breeding Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, China
| | - Qiang Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory of Tropical Marine Germplasm Resources and Breeding Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
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