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Mekala S, Sukumar G, Chawla S, Geesala R, Prashanth J, Reddy BJM, Mainkar P, Das A. Therapeutic Potential of Benzimidazoisoquinoline Derivatives in Alleviating Murine Hepatic Fibrosis. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301429. [PMID: 38221801 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Short Title: Benzimidazoisoquinoline derivatives as potent antifibrotics Hepatic fibrosis is a pathological condition of liver disease with an increasing number of cases worldwide. Therapeutic strategies are warranted to target the activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the collagen-producing cells, an effective strategy for controlling the disease progression. Benzimidazoisoquinoline derivatives were synthesized as hybrid molecules by the combination of benzimidazoles and isoquinolines to evaluate their anti-fibrotic potential using an in-vitro and in-vivo model of hepatic fibrosis. A small library of benzimidazoisoquinoline derivatives (1-17 and 18-21) was synthesized from 2-aryl benzimidazole and acetylene functionalities through C-H and N-H activation. Compounds (10 and its recently synthesized derivatives 18-21) depicted a significant decrease in PDGF-BB and/or TGFβ-induced proliferation (1.7-1.9 -fold), migration (3.5-5.0 -fold), and fibrosis-related gene expressions in HSCs. These compounds could revert the hepatic damage caused by chronic exposure to hepatotoxicants, ethanol, and/or carbon tetrachloride as evident from the histological, biochemical, and molecular analysis. Anti-fibrotic effect of the compounds was supported by the decrease in the malondialdehyde level, collagen deposition, and gene expression levels of fibrosis-related markers such as α-SMA, COL1α1, PDGFRβ, and TGFRIIβ in the preclinical models of hepatic fibrosis. In conclusion, the synthesized benzimidazoisoquinoline derivatives (compounds 18, 19, 20, and 21) possess anti-fibrotic therapeutic potential against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmya Mekala
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500 007, INDIA
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, INDIA
| | - Genji Sukumar
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500007, INDIA
- Department of Chemistry, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajamahendravaram, AP-533 296, INDIA
| | - Shilpa Chawla
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500 007, INDIA
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, INDIA
| | - Ramasatyaveni Geesala
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500 007, INDIA
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, INDIA
| | - Jupally Prashanth
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, INDIA
- Centre for X-ray Crystallography, Department of Analytical & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500 007, INDIA
| | - B Jagan Mohan Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajamahendravaram, AP-533 296, INDIA
| | - Prathama Mainkar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, INDIA
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500007, INDIA
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, TS-500 007, INDIA
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, INDIA
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Desai SP, Mohite S, Alobid S, Saralaya M, Patil AS, Das K, Almadani ME, Arif Hussain S, Hussain Alamer B, Abdulrahman Jibreel E, Ibrahim Almoteer A, Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq S. 3D QSAR study on substituted 1, 2, 4 triazole derivatives as anticancer agents by kNN MFA approach. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101836. [PMID: 38028224 PMCID: PMC10661185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Researchers have recently focused on the biological and synthetic effects of 1, 2, and 4-triazole fused heterocyclic molecules because they have tremendous medicinal value. The objective of the present study was to carry out the 3D QSAR evaluation on the substituted 1,2, and 4 triazole derivatives for anticancer potential using k-Nearest Neighbor-Molecular Field Analysis (kNN-MFA) method. Methods Using the molecular design suite, a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) analysis was undertaken on a series of 4-amino-5-(pyridin3yl)-4H-1, 2, and 4-triazole-3-thiol anticancer drugs (Vlife MDS). This study used a genetic algorithm and a manual selection approach on 20 substituted 1, 2, and 4-triazole derivatives. Based on the genetic algorithm (GA), the 3D-QSAR model was generated. Statistical significance and predictive capacity were evaluated using internal and external validation. Results The most significant model has a correlation coefficient of 0.9334 (squared correlation coefficient r2 = 0.8713), showing that biological activity and descriptors have a strong relationship. The model exhibited internal predictivity of 74.45 percent (q2 = 0.2129), external predictivity of 81.09 percent (pred r2 = 0.8417), and the smallest error term for the predictive correlation coefficient (pred r2se = 0.1255). The model revealed steric (S 1047--0.0780--0.0451S 927) and electrostatic (E 1002) data points that contribute remarkably to anticancer activity. A molecular field study demonstrates a link between the structural features of substituted triazole derivatives and their activities. Conclusion The good-to-moderate anticancer potential of compounds confirms the significant pharmacological role of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. These results could lead to the identification of potential chemical compounds with optimal anticancer activity and minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailaja P. Desai
- Annasaheb Dange College of Pharmacy, Ashta, Maharashtra, Walwa, Sangli 416301, India
| | - S.K. Mohite
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Sangli, Maharashtra 415409, India
| | - Saad Alobid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M.G. Saralaya
- Annasaheb Dange College of Pharmacy, Ashta, Maharashtra, Walwa, Sangli 416301, India
| | - Ashwini S Patil
- Annasaheb Dange College of Pharmacy, Ashta, Maharashtra, Walwa, Sangli 416301, India
| | - Kuntal Das
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Mallige College of Pharmacy, #71 Silvepura Chikkabanavara Post, Bangalore 90, India
| | - Moneer E. Almadani
- Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Arif Hussain
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah 13713, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Hussain Alamer
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtesam Abdulrahman Jibreel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah 13713, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Chalkappa PKB, Aralihalli S, Sudileti M, Aithal SJ, Praveen BM, Birjadar K. The medicinal panorama of benzimidazoles and their scaffolds as anticancer and antithrombotic agents: A review. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300206. [PMID: 37440107 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffolds have become a prospective pharmacophore with therapeutic importance due to their biological similarities with natural and synthetic drugs. Among all nitrogen heterocyclic compounds, benzimidazoles and their derivatives are privileged molecules structurally akin to naturally available nucleotides, enabling them to intercommunicate with numerous biopolymers in biological systems. This reason enlightens modern researchers worldwide to assess their potential significance in the context of synthetic and biological chemistry. Therefore, it is crucial to merge the latest data with the prior documentation to apprehend the ongoing situation of the benzimidazole moiety in various therapeutic zones of research. The current work displays that the benzimidazole center is a versatile nucleus that offers the necessary data of synthetic alterations for pre-existing compounds to provide new scaffolds to resist numerous therapeutic sectors, including those associated with anticancer and antithrombosis. Due to the potential significance of benzimidazoles, this review aims to emphasize the latest innovations in synthesizing several other notable benzimidazole substrates and their significant pharmacological prospects for the future, including anticancer and antithrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sudhakara Aralihalli
- Department of Chemistry, RajaRajeswari College of Engineering, Banglore, Karnataka, India
| | - Murali Sudileti
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Kedarnath Birjadar
- Department of Chemistry, Srinivas University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
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Fazakas-Anca IS, Modrea A, Vlase S. Determination of Reactivity Ratios from Binary Copolymerization Using the k-Nearest Neighbor Non-Parametric Regression. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213811. [PMID: 34771367 PMCID: PMC8588380 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes a new method for calculating the monomer reactivity ratios for binary copolymerization based on the terminal model. The original optimization method involves a numerical integration algorithm and an optimization algorithm based on k-nearest neighbour non-parametric regression. The calculation method has been tested on simulated and experimental data sets, at low (<10%), medium (10–35%) and high conversions (>40%), yielding reactivity ratios in a good agreement with the usual methods such as intersection, Fineman–Ross, reverse Fineman–Ross, Kelen–Tüdös, extended Kelen–Tüdös and the error in variable method. The experimental data sets used in this comparative analysis are copolymerization of 2-(N-phthalimido) ethyl acrylate with 1-vinyl-2-pyrolidone for low conversion, copolymerization of isoprene with glycidyl methacrylate for medium conversion and copolymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide with N,N-dimethylacrylamide for high conversion. Also, the possibility to estimate experimental errors from a single experimental data set formed by n experimental data is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arina Modrea
- Pharmacy, Science and Technology George Emil Palade Targu Mures, University of Medicine, 300134 Targu Mures, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (S.V.); Tel.: +40-722-643020 (S.V.)
| | - Sorin Vlase
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, B-dul Eroilor 20, 500036 Brasov, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Technical Sciences, B-dul Dacia 26, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (S.V.); Tel.: +40-722-643020 (S.V.)
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Hashem HE, El Bakri Y. An overview on novel synthetic approaches and medicinal applications of benzimidazole compounds. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Sireesha R, Sreenivasulu R, Chandrasekhar C, Jadav SS, Pavani Y, Rao MVB, Subbarao M. Design, synthesis, anti-cancer evaluation and binding mode studies of benzimidazole/benzoxazole linked β-carboline derivatives. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kotan G, Gökce H, Akyıldırım O, Yüksek H, Beytur M, Manap S, Medetalibeyoğlu H. Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Computational Analysis of 2-[(2-Sulfanyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)iminomethyl]phenyl Naphthalene-2-sulfonate. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428020110135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Li B, Tayebee R, Esmaeili E, Namaghi MS, Maleki B. Selective photocatalytic oxidation of aromatic alcohols to aldehydes with air by magnetic WO 3ZnO/Fe 3O 4. In situ photochemical synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles. RSC Adv 2020; 10:40725-40738. [PMID: 35519184 PMCID: PMC9057692 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08403d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, visible light-driven organic photochemical synthesis has been a pioneering field of interest from academic and industrial associations due to its unique features of green and sustainable chemistry. Herein, WO3ZnO/Fe3O4 was synthesized, characterized, and used as an efficient magnetic photocatalyst in the preparation of a range of 2-substituted benzimidazoles via the condensation of benzyl alcohol and o-phenylenediamine in ethanol at room temperature for the first time. The key feature of this work is focused on the in situ photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohols to benzaldehydes under atmospheric air and in the absence of any further oxidant. This new heterogeneous nanophotocatalyst was characterized via XRD, FT-IR, VSM and SEM. Short reaction time, cost-effectiveness, broad substrate scope, easy work-up by an external magnet, and excellent product yield are the major advantages of the present methodology. A number of effective experimental parameters were also fully investigated to clear broadness and generality of the protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhi Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou China
| | - Reza Tayebee
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University Sabzevar 96179-76487 Iran
| | - Effat Esmaeili
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU) Tehran 19395-4697 Iran
| | - Mina S Namaghi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University Sabzevar 96179-76487 Iran
| | - Behrooz Maleki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University Sabzevar 96179-76487 Iran
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9
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Sharghi H, Razavi SF, Aberi M, Tavakoli F, Shekouhy M. The Co
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Complex of [7‐Hydroxy‐4‐methyl‐8‐coumarinyl]glycine as a Nanocatalyst for the Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Mannich Bases of Benzimidazoles and Benzothiazoles. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hashem Sharghi
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesShiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Aberi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Shahid Rajaee, Shiraz BranchTechnical and Vocational University (TVU), Shiraz Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tavakoli
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyShahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd Iran
| | - Mohsen Shekouhy
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesShiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran
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A simple and metal-free one-pot synthesis of 2-substituted-1H-4-carboxamide benzimidazole using 3,6-di(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine(PYTZ) as catalyst. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-00821-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Synthesis of Surfactants Derived from 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole and Study of Their Acute Toxicity and Analgesic and Psychotropic Activities. Biochem Res Int 2019; 2019:9615728. [PMID: 31467714 PMCID: PMC6701276 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9615728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to synthesize cationic salts from a relatively toxic compound named 2-mercaptobenzimidazole and to evaluate some of their pharmacological properties. The acute toxicity of these salts is evaluated according to OECD 423 Guidelines at the doses of 300 and 2000 mg/kg; their peripheral analgesic effect is studied using the Koster test at the therapeutic dose of 200 mg/kg and their sedative action is evaluated using Traction, Chimney, Hole-board, and Rotarod tests at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. All synthesized molecules show no acute toxicity according to OECD Code 423 guidelines at doses ranging from 300 to 2000 mg/kg and do not cause any obesity or anorexia. Also, the results of the Koster test show that the studied compounds have an average analgesic effect at the dose of 200 mg/kg compared to acetylsalicylic acid. In addition, the elaborated compounds have shown a moderate sedative effect at the dose of 400 mg/kg, in comparison to 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (400 mg/kg) and Bromazepam (20 mg/kg). These compounds have no cataleptic and hypnotic effects on the central nervous system at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. These results argue in favor of a possible integration of the most active salts tested in the pharmaceutical industry owing to their analgesic and sedative effects.
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Rout S, Mahapatra RK. In silico study of M18 aspartyl amino peptidase (M18AAP) of Plasmodium vivax as an antimalarial drug target. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2553-2571. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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El Bakri Y, Lai CH, Sebhaoui J, Ali AB, Ramli Y, Essassi EM, Mague JT. Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and DFT calculations of new 1-[(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl]-6-methoxy-1H-benzimidazol-2(3H)-one. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cdc.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Al-Blewi FF, Almehmadi MA, Aouad MR, Bardaweel SK, Sahu PK, Messali M, Rezki N, El Ashry ESH. Design, synthesis, ADME prediction and pharmacological evaluation of novel benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole-sulfonamide hybrids as antimicrobial and antiproliferative agents. Chem Cent J 2018; 12:110. [PMID: 30387018 PMCID: PMC6768023 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-018-0479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nitrogen heterocyclic rings and sulfonamides have attracted attention of several researchers. Results A series of regioselective imidazole-based mono- and bis-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole-sulfonamide conjugates 4a–f and 6a–f were designed and synthesized. The first step in the synthesis was a regioselective propargylation in the presence of the appropriate basic catalyst (Et3N and/or K2CO3) to afford the corresponding mono-2 and bis-propargylated imidazoles 5. Second, the ligation of the terminal C≡C bond of mono-2 and/or bis alkynes 5 to the azide building blocks of sulfa drugs 3a–f using optimized conditions for a Huisgen copper (I)-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction yielded targeted 1,2,3-triazole hybrids 4a–f and 6a–f. The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities. Among the synthesized compounds, compound 6a emerged as the most potent antimicrobial agent with MIC values ranging between 32 and 64 µg/mL. All synthesized molecules were evaluated against three aggressive human cancer cell lines, PC-3, HepG2, and HEK293, and revealed sufficient antiproliferative activities with IC50 values in the micromolar range (55–106 μM). Furthermore, we conducted a receptor-based electrostatic analysis of their electronic, steric and hydrophobic properties, and the results were in good agreement with the experimental results. In silico ADMET prediction studies also supported the experimental biological results and indicated that all compounds are nonmutagenic and noncarcinogenic. Conclusion In summary, we have successfully synthesized novel targeted benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole-sulfonamide hybrids through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions between the mono- or bis-alkynes based on imidazole and the appropriate sulfonamide azide under the optimized Cu(I) click conditions. The structures of newly synthesized sulfonamide hybrids were confirmed by means of spectroscopic analysis. All newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities. Our results showed that the benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole-sulfonamide hybrids inhibited microbial and fungal strains within MIC values from 32 to 64 μg/mL. The antiproliferative evaluation of the synthesized compounds showed sufficient antiproliferative activities with IC50 values in the micromolar range (55–106 μM). In conclusion, compound 6a has remarkable antimicrobial activity. Pharmacophore elucidation of the compounds was performed based on in silico ADMET evaluation of the tested compounds. Screening results of drug-likeness rules showed that all compounds follow the accepted rules, meet the criteria of drug-likeness and follow Lipinski’s rule of five. In addition, the toxicity results showed that all compounds are nonmutagenic and noncarcinogenic.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzia Faleh Al-Blewi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina, 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshal A Almehmadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina, 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Reda Aouad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina, 30002, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Mohamed Boudiaf, Laboratoire de Chimie Et Electrochimie des Complexes Metalliques (LCECM) USTO‑MB, P.O. Box 1505, 31000, El M'nouar, Oran, Algeria.
| | - Sanaa K Bardaweel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Pramod K Sahu
- School of Study in Chemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474011, India
| | - Mouslim Messali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina, 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadjet Rezki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina, 30002, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Mohamed Boudiaf, Laboratoire de Chimie Et Electrochimie des Complexes Metalliques (LCECM) USTO‑MB, P.O. Box 1505, 31000, El M'nouar, Oran, Algeria
| | - El Sayed H El Ashry
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
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Yadav S, Lim SM, Ramasamy K, Vasudevan M, Shah SAA, Mathur A, Narasimhan B. Synthesis and evaluation of antimicrobial, antitubercular and anticancer activities of 2-(1-benzoyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-ylthio)-N-substituted acetamides. Chem Cent J 2018; 12:66. [PMID: 29804151 PMCID: PMC5971037 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-018-0432-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study describes the synthesis, characterization, in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer evaluation of a series of 2-(1-benzoyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-ylthio)-N-substituted acetamide derivatives. The synthesized derivatives were also assessed for in vitro antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. The compounds found active in in vitro study were assessed for their in vivo antitubercular activity in mice models and for their inhibitory action on vital mycobacterial enzymes viz, isocitrate lyase, pantothenate synthetase and chorismate mutase. RESULTS Compounds 8, 9 and 11 emerged out as excellent antimicrobial agents in antimicrobial assays when compared to standard antibacterial and antifungal drugs. The results of anticancer activity displayed that majority of the derivatives were less cytotoxic than standard drugs (tamoxifen and 5-fluorouracil) towards MCF7 and HCT116 cell lines. However, compound 2 (IC50 = 0.0047 µM/ml) and compound 10 (IC50 = 0.0058 µM/ml) showed highest cytotoxicity against MCF7 and HCT116 cell lines, respectively. The results of in vivo antitubercular activity revealed that a dose of 1.34 mg/kg was found to be safe for the synthesized compounds. The toxic dose of the compounds was 5.67 mg/kg while lethal dose varied from 1.81 to 3.17 mg/kg body weight of the mice. Compound 18 inhibited all the three mycobacterial enzymes to the highest level in comparison to the other synthesized derivatives but showed lesser inhibition as compared to streptomycin sulphate. CONCLUSIONS A further research on most active synthesized compounds as lead molecules may result in discovery of novel anticancer and antitubercular agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehlata Yadav
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Siong Meng Lim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kalavathy Ramasamy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Mani Vasudevan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Products Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Sharma MC. Structural requirements ofN-aryl-oxazolidinone-5-carboxamide derivatives for anti-HIV protease activity using molecular modelling techniques. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtusci.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh C. Sharma
- Drug Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Devi Ahilya University, Takshila Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452001, India
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17
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Guan Q, Sun Q, Wen L, Zha Z, Yang Y, Wang Z. The synthesis of benzimidazoles via a recycled palladium catalysed hydrogen transfer under mild conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:2088-2096. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00323h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of benzimidazoles was developed by virtue of a recycled palladium catalyzed hydrogen transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Guan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology & Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Qi Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology & Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Lixian Wen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology & Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Zhenggen Zha
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology & Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Yu Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology & Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology & Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
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18
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Karimian A, Mohammadzadeh Kakhki R, Kargar Beidokhti H. Magnetic Co-doped NiFe2O4Nanocomposite: A Heterogeneous and Recyclable Catalyst for the One-Pot Synthesis of Benzimidazoles, Benzoxazoles and Benzothiazoles under Solvent-Free Conditions. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201700060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Karimian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences; University of Gonabad; Gonabad Iran
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19
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Vušak D, Perin N, Martin-Kleiner I, Kralj M, Karminski-Zamola G, Hranjec M, Bertoša B. Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of amino-substituted benzimidazo[1,2-
$${\varvec{a}}$$
a
]quinolines as mesylate salts designed by 3D-QSAR analysis. Mol Divers 2017; 21:621-636. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-017-9753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Ajani OO, Aderohunmu DV, Ikpo CO, Adedapo AE, Olanrewaju IO. Functionalized Benzimidazole Scaffolds: Privileged Heterocycle for Drug Design in Therapeutic Medicine. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:475-506. [PMID: 27213292 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201500464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Benzimidazole derivatives are crucial structural scaffolds found in diverse libraries of biologically active compounds which are therapeutically useful agents in drug discovery and medicinal research. They are structural isosteres of naturally occurring nucleotides, which allows them to interact with the biopolymers of living systems. Hence, there is a need to couple the latest information with the earlier documentations to understand the current status of the benzimidazole nucleus in medicinal chemistry research. This present work unveils the benzimidazole core as a multifunctional nucleus that serves as a resourceful tool of information for synthetic modifications of old existing candidates in order to tackle drug resistance bottlenecks in therapeutic medicine. This manuscript deals with the recent advances in the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives, the widespread biological activities as well as pharmacokinetic reports. These present them as a toolbox for fighting infectious diseases and also make them excellent candidates for future drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayinka O Ajani
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, CST, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Damilola V Aderohunmu
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, CST, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Chinwe O Ikpo
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adebusayo E Adedapo
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, CST, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
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21
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Daswani U, Dubey N, Sharma P, Kumar A. A new NBS/oxone promoted one pot cascade synthesis of 2-aminobenzimidazoles/2-aminobenzoxazoles: a facile approach. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00478d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and transition metal free synthesis of 2-aminobenzazoles using readily available substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujla Daswani
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Devi Ahilya University
- Takshashila Campus
- Indore - 452001
- India
| | - Nitin Dubey
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Devi Ahilya University
- Takshashila Campus
- Indore - 452001
- India
| | - Pratibha Sharma
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Devi Ahilya University
- Takshashila Campus
- Indore - 452001
- India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Devi Ahilya University
- Takshashila Campus
- Indore - 452001
- India
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22
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Structural insights into mode of actions of novel substituted 4- and 6-azaindole-3-carboxamides analogs as renin inhibitors: molecular modeling studies. Med Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Molecular Modeling Studies of Thiophenyl C-Aryl Glucoside SGLT2 Inhibitors as Potential Antidiabetic Agents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2015; 2014:739646. [PMID: 25574393 PMCID: PMC4276301 DOI: 10.1155/2014/739646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A QSAR study on thiophenyl derivatives as SGLT2 inhibitors as potential antidiabetic agents was performed with thirty-three compounds. Comparison of the obtained results indicated the superiority of the genetic algorithm over the simulated annealing and stepwise forward-backward variable method for feature selection. The best 2D QSAR model showed satisfactory statistical parameters for the data set (r (2) = 0.8499, q (2) = 0.8267, and pred_r (2) = 0.7729) with four descriptors describing the nature of substituent groups and the environment of the substitution site. Evaluation of the model implied that electron-rich substitution position improves the inhibitory activity. The good predictive 3D-QSAR models by k-nearest neighbor (kNN) method for molecular field analysis (MFA) have cross-validated coefficient q (2) value of 0.7663 and predicted r (2) value of 0.7386. The results have showed that thiophenyl groups are necessary for activity and halogen, bulky, and less bulky groups in thiophenyl nucleus enhanced the biological activity. These studies are promising for the development of novel SGLT2 inhibitor, which may have potent antidiabetic activity.
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24
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Discovery of new lead pyrimidines derivatives as potential cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonistic through molecular modeling and pharmacophore approach. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0808-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Sharma MC, Sharma S, Sharma P, Kumar A, Bhadoriya KS. QSAR and pharmacophore approach on substituted imidazole derivatives as angiotensin II receptor antagonists. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0638-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Sharma MC, Sharma S, Sharma P, Kumar A, Bhadoriya K. Structural insights for substituted acyl sulfonamides and acyl sulfamides derivatives of imidazole as angiotensin II receptor antagonists using molecular modeling approach. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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27
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Sharma MC. WITHDRAWN: Molecular modeling and pharmacophore approach substituted benzimidazole derivatives as dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Sharma MC, Sharma S, Sharma P, Kumar A, Bhadoriya KS. Comparative QSAR and pharmacophore analysis for a series of 2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones derivatives as angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonists. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0831-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Sharma MC. Molecular modeling studies of substituted 3,4-dihydroxychalcone derivatives as 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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Pharmacophore and QSAR modeling of some structurally diverse azaaurones derivatives as anti-malarial activity. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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31
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Comparative QSAR and pharmacophore modeling of substituted 2-[2′-(dimethylamino) ethyl]-1, 2-dihydro-3H-dibenz[de,h]isoquinoline-1,3-diones derivatives as anti-tumor activity. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0554-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Molecular Modeling Studies of Substituted 2,4,5-Trisubstituted Triazolinones Aryl and Nonaryl Derivatives as Angiotensin II AT1Receptor Antagonists. J CHEM-NY 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/427181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new therapies to treat hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. A series of 2,4,5-trisubstituted triazolinones aryl and nonaryl derivatives were subjected toGroup-based QSAR,k-nearest neighbourmolecular field analysis, and pharmacophore mapping. Multiple linear regression (MLR) methodology coupled with feature selection method namely simulated annealing, was applied to derive Group based QSAR models which were further validated for statistical significance and predictive ability by internal and external validation. The best physicochemical descriptors, namely, R1chiV1, R2T_N_O_3, R2chlorines count, R2T_C_N_4, and R2SssNHE index, contribute significantly to the biological activity. The statistically significant best Group-based QSAR model hasr2=0.8357andq2=0.7266with pred_r2=0.8138. The 3D-QSAR studies were performed using the simulated annealing selectionk-nearest neighbormolecular field analysis approach; a leave-one-out cross-validated correlation coefficientq2=0.7461and predicate activity pred_r2=0.7790were obtained. Contour maps using this approach showed that steric, electrostatic, and hydrophobic effects dominantly determine binding affinities. Pharmacophore hypotheses were generated by the mol sign module and found to contain common features like hydrogen bond donor acceptor, donor, positive, negative ionizable, and hydrophobic features. This model can be used for preliminary screening of large number of substituted 3H-1,-2,-4 triazolinone aryl and nonaryl derivatives. The information rendered by 3D-QSAR models may lead to a better understanding of structural requirements of triazolinone aryl and nonaryl derivatives and also aid in designing novel potent antihypertensive molecules.
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Sharma MC, Sharma S, Bhadoriya KS. WITHDRAWN: QSAR analyses and pharmacophore studies of tetrazole and sulfonamide analogs of imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine using simulated annealing based feature selection. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sharma MC, Kohli DV. Comprehensive structure–activity relationship analysis of substituted 5-(biphenyl-4-ylmethyl) pyrazoles derivatives as AT1 selective angiotensin II receptor antagonists: 2D and kNNMFA QSAR approach. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Sharma MC. WITHDRAWN: Structural insight for (6-oxo-3-pyridazinyl)-benzimidazoles derivatives as angiotensin II receptor antagonists: QSAR, pharmacophore identification and kNNMFA approach. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2012.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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36
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Sharma MC, Kohli D. WITHDRAWN: Comprehensive structure–activity relationship analysis of isoxazolinyl and isoxazolidinyl substituted quinazolinone derivatives as angiotensin II receptor antagonists. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2012.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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37
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A comprehensive structure–activity analysis 2,3,5-trisubstituted 4,5-dihydro-4-oxo-3H-imidazo [4,5-c] pyridine derivatives as angiotensin II receptor antagonists: using 2D- and 3D-QSAR approach. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0040-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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38
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WITHDRAWN: Quantitative structure–activity analysis studies on triazolinone aryl and nonaryl substituents as angiotensin II receptor antagonists. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2011.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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39
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Sharma MC, Kohli D. WITHDRAWN: QSAR analysis of imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine substituted α-Phenoxyphenylacetic acids as angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonists. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2011.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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