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Manheim J, Singh AN, Aggarwal P, Aldine FN, Haidar Ahmad IA. An improved workflow for the development of MS-compatible liquid chromatography assay purity and purification methods by using automated LC Screening instrumentation and in silico modeling. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1269-1279. [PMID: 38225399 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05118-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The development of liquid chromatography UV and mass spectrometry (LC-UV-MS) assays in pharmaceutical analysis is pivotal to improve quality control by providing critical information about drug purity, stability, and presence and identity of byproducts and impurities. Analytical method development of these assays is time-consuming, which often causes it to become a bottle neck in drug development and poses a challenge for process chemists to quickly improve the chemistry. In this study, a systematic and efficient workflow was designed to develop purity assay and purification methods for a wide range of compounds including peptides, proteins, and small molecules with MS-compatible mobile phases (MP) by using automated LC screening instrumentation and in silico modeling tools. Initial LC MPs and chromatography column screening experiments enabled quick identification of conditions which provided the best resolution in the vicinity of the target compounds, which is further optimized using computer-assisted modeling (LC Simulator from ACD/Labs). The experimental retention times were in good agreement with the predicted retention times from LC Simulator (ΔtR < 7%). This workflow presents a practical workflow to significantly expedite the time needed to develop optimized LC-UV-MS methods, allowing for a facile, automatic method optimization and reducing the amount of manual work involved in developing new methods during drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Manheim
- Analytical Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA.
| | - Andrew N Singh
- Analytical Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Pankaj Aggarwal
- Analytical Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Fatima Naser Aldine
- Analytical Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Imad A Haidar Ahmad
- Analytical Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
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2
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Othman WM, Al-Zoman NZ, Darwish IA, Almomen A, Farid NF, Abdallah FF, Saad SS. Development and validation of synchronous spectrofluorimetric method for the simultaneous determination of duvelisib and moxifloxacin: greenness metric assessment and application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2023; 12:015010. [PMID: 38052071 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ad1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Duvelisib (DUV) is a potent anticancer drug whereas Moxifloxacin (MOX) is an antimicrobial drug with anti-proliferative potency against cancerous cells, which is empirically administered in cancer treatment. DUV and MOX combination is commonly prescribed to combat infections in patients while they are under chemotherapy treatment. This study describes, for the first time, the development of a simple and green synchronous spectrofluorimetric (SSF) method for the simultaneous estimation of DUV and MOX in plasma. DUV and MOX were quantified at 273 and 362 nm, respectively without interference between each other at Δλof 120 nm. The experimental variables influencing fluorescence intensities were thoroughly investigated and the optimum conditions were established. At pH 3.5, the optimum synchronous fluorescence intensity (SFI) was achieved in water solvent by using sodium acetate buffer solution. Calibration curves for DUV and MOX, correlating the SFI with the corresponding drug concentration, were linear in the range of 50-1000 ng mL-1for both drugs, with good correlation coefficients. The method was extremely sensitive, with limits of detection of 24 and 22 ng mL-1, and limits of quantitation of 40 and 45 ngmL-1for DUV and MOX, respectively. The SSF method was validated according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines for validation of analytical procedures, and the validation parameters were acceptable. The proposed SSF method was applied to the pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies in rats' plasma after single concurrent oral administration of both drugs. The results of the study revealed that caution should be taken with DUV dose when concurrently administered with MOX. The greenness of SSF method was assessed by three different metric tools namely Analytical Eco-scale, Green Analytical Procedure Index, and Analytical Greenness Calculator. The results confirmed that SSF method is an eco-friendly and green analytical approach. In conclusion, the proposed SSF method is a valuable tool for pharmacokinetic/bioavailability studies and therapeutic drug monitoring of simultaneously administered DUV and MOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weam M Othman
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6thOctober City, Egypt
| | - Nourah Z Al-Zoman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aliyah Almomen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nehal F Farid
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Fatma F Abdallah
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Samah S Saad
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6thOctober City, Egypt
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Shahzad A, Arshad S, Zubair F, Shahzad S, Batool F, Fu Q. Development and Validation of Facile RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Timolol Maleate, Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride, Diclofenac Sodium and Dexamethasone in Plasma, Aqueous Humor and Pharmaceutical Products. J Chromatogr Sci 2023; 61:678-687. [PMID: 35870199 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a validated RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of timolol maleate (TM), moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MOXI), diclofenac sodium (DS) and dexamethasone (DEXA) in human plasma, bovine aqueous humor and pharmaceutical preparations. The chromatographic separation was studied using the C18 column. The chromatographic conditions, such as composition, pH, the flow rate of mobile phase, the temperature of column, wavelength of absorption and injection volume of the sample, were studied. The method was validated to confirm specificity, linearity and accuracy in accordance with an International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. The optimum conditions for separation included mobile phase 0.05 M monobasic phosphate buffer: acetonitrile (65:35 v/v), pH of buffer adjusted to 6.2 and the flow rate of 1 mL/minute. The optimum temperature of the column was found to be 35°C, absorption wavelength 265 nm and injection volume 50 μL. The baseline separation of all four drugs with good sensitivity, resolution, and a less than 15 min run time was achieved. The retention time of TM, MOXI, DS and DEXA were 4.3,5.7,9.9 and 13.5 minutes respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) values were 6.2, 4.8, 0.8 and 1.2 ng/mL for TM, MOXI, DS and DEXA, respectively, whereas their respective limit of quantification (LOQ) values was: were 42.6, 26.8, 5.6 and 6.2 ng/mL. The coefficient of variation for intra-day and inter-day were in the range of 0.32-1.57 and 1.29-3.07%, respectively. The method was found to be sensitive, precise and accurate in human plasma and bovine aqueous humor and can be applied for the quantification of these compounds in plasma, aqueous humor and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqeel Shahzad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Arshad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Faryal Zubair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Shakeel Shahzad
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab 38040, Pakistan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Farzana Batool
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Elsheikh SG, Hassan AME, Fayez YM, El-Mosallamy SS. Green analytical chemistry and experimental design: a combined approach for the analysis of zonisamide. BMC Chem 2023; 17:38. [PMID: 37069703 PMCID: PMC10108544 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-00942-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Green analytical chemistry principles, as well as experimental design, are a combined approach adopted to develop sensitive reproducible stability indicating HPLC method for Zonisamide (ZNS) determination. The optimal conditions for three chromatographic parameters were determined using a central composite design of the response surface. Kromasil C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) was utilized with ethanol, H2O (30:70 v/v) as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min at 35 °C. Good reproducibility and high sensitivity were achieved along (0.5-10 µg/mL) concentration range. In contrast, the TLC-densitometric method was performed on aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60F254 as a stationary phase and chloroform: methanol: acetic acid (8:1.5:0.5 by volume) as a developing system. Reproducible results were obtained in the range of (2-10 μg/band). The chromatograms of HPLC and TLC were scanned at 280 nm and 240 nm, respectively. The suggested methods have been validated following ICH guidelines, and no statistically significant differences were detected between the results of the current study and the official USP method. It was also found that using experimental design implements the green concept by reducing the environmental impact. Finally, Eco-Scale, GAPI and AGREE were used to assess the environmental impacts of the suggested methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha G Elsheikh
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abeer M E Hassan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasmin M Fayez
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Sally S El-Mosallamy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
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Elkady EF, Fouad MA, Mozayad AN. Application of Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology for selecting the optimum RP-HPLC conditions for the simultaneous determination of methocarbamol, indomethacin and betamethasone in their pharmaceutical dosage form. BMC Chem 2022; 16:114. [PMID: 36510282 PMCID: PMC9743662 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An isocratic RP-HPLC method has been developed for the separation and determination of methocarbamol (MTL), indomethacin (IND), and betamethasone (BET) in combined dosage form using an Inertsil ODS-3v C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column with UV- detection at 235 nm. Experimental design using Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to study the response surface during method optimization and to achieve a good separation with a minimum number of experimental runs. The three independent parameters were pH of buffer, % of acetonitrile and flow rate of the mobile phase while the peak resolution of IND from MTL and the peak resolution of BET from IND (R2) were taken as responses to obtain mathematical models. The composite desirability was employed to optimize a set of responses overall (peak resolutions). The predicted optimum assay conditions include a mobile phase composition of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH 5.95) in a ratio of 79:21, v/v, pumped at a flow rate of 1.4 mL min-1. With this ideal condition, the optimized method was able to achieve baseline separation of the three drugs with good resolution and a total run time of less than 7 min. The linearity of MTL, IND, and BET was determined in the concentration ranges of 5-600 µg mL- 1, 5-300 µg mL- 1, and 5-300 µg mL- 1 and the regression coefficients were 0.9994, 0.9998, and 0.9998, respectively. The average percent recoveries for the accuracy were determined to be 100.41 ± 0.60%, 100.86 ± 0.86%, and 100.99 ± 0.65% for MTL, IND, and BET, respectively. The R.S.D.% of the intra-day precision was found to be less than 1%, while the R.S.D.% of the inter-day precision was found to be less than 2%. The RP-HPLC method was fully validated with regard to linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, and robustness as per ICH recommendations. The proposed method has various applications in quality control and routine analysis of the investigated drugs in their pharmaceutical dosage forms and laboratory-prepared mixtures with the goal of reducing laboratory waste, analysis time, and effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab F. Elkady
- grid.7776.10000 0004 0639 9286Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| | - Marwa A. Fouad
- grid.7776.10000 0004 0639 9286Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562 Egypt ,grid.517528.c0000 0004 6020 2309Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, NewGiza University, Newgiza, km 22 Cairo– Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayoub N. Mozayad
- grid.412413.10000 0001 2299 4112Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen
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6
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Development of a new hydrogel for the prevention of allergic contact dermatitis. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Besenhard MO, Tsatse A, Mazzei L, Sorensen E. Recent advances in modelling and control of liquid chromatography. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2021.100685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Safa F, Osaghi B. Adsorption onto MWCNTs Coupled with Cloud Point Extraction for Dye Removal from Aqueous Solutions: Optimization by Experimental Design. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 24:246-258. [PMID: 32552635 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200618153940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The main aim of the study was to examine the feasibility and benefits of adsorption onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) coupled with cloud point extraction (CPE) for the removal of Rhodamine B (RB) from aqueous solutions. BACKGROUND MWCNTs offer the particular features of the ideal adsorbents for the organic dyes such as hollow tubular structure and specific surface area. Nevertheless, they suffer from the drawbacks of low dispersion in the aqueous solutions and separation inconvenience from the media. Cloud point extraction, combined with the adsorption onto MWCNTs can be a promising method to overcome the problems. OBJECTIVE In the study, adsorption onto MWCNTs coupled with CPE was applied for RB removal from aqueous solutions. The process was optimized by the response surface modeling method. Moreover, the applicability of the proposed method in the real sample analyses was investigated. METHODS MWCNTs were used as adsorbent and Triton X-100 (TX-100) as the nonionic surfactant for CPE process. The experiments were carried out based on a Box-Behnken design (BBD) with the input variables of MWCNTs dosage (0.6-1.2 mg), solution pH (3-9), clouding time (20-40 min) and TX-100 concentration (10-20 v/v%) using 5 mg L-1 RB solutions. RESULT Regression analyses resulted in a statistically significant quadratic model (R2=0.9718, F=24.96, p<0.0001) by which the optimum levels of the variables were predicted as: MWCNTs dosage of 0.7 mg, pH=3, clouding time of 39.9 minutes and TX-100 concentration of 19.91% (v/v). The predicted conditions were experimentally validated by achieving an RB removal of 94.24%. CONCLUSION Based on the results, the combination of the environmentally friendly technique of CPE with adsorption onto MWCNTs allows the efficient removal of RB from water samples and the method can be effectively optimized by the response surface modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Safa
- Department of Chemistry, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Bahare Osaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
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Vitorino C, Silva S, Gouveia F, Bicker J, Falcão A, Fortuna A. QbD-driven development of intranasal lipid nanoparticles for depression treatment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 153:106-120. [PMID: 32525033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a life-threatening psychiatric disorder and a multifactorial global public health concern. Current pharmacological treatments present limited efficacy, and are associated with several harmful side effects and development of pharmacoresistance mechanisms. Developing more effective therapeutic options is therefore a priority. This work aims at efficiently designing an antidepressant therapeutic surrogate relying on a dual strategy supported on lipid nanoparticles and intranasal delivery. For that purpose, the formulation was comprehensively optimized following a quality by design perspective. Critical quality attributes (CQAs) ranged from physicochemical to intranasal performance features. The optimized formulation was administered to mice in order to assess the antidepressive and anxiolytic effects by applying the forced swimming and marble-burying tests, respectively. A cross-analysis of the predictive models established for the set of 12 CQAs elicited the formulation containing similar proportion of solid and liquid lipids and lower surfactant concentration as the optimal one. Despite increasing the liquid lipid amount yielded smaller and more homogeneous particle size, and higher release rate, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) provided an earlier and superior pig nasal mucosa permeability than nanoemulsions, along with better stability and cytotoxic profiles. Importantly, the intranasal delivery of the optimal lipid nanoparticle formulation reduced both depressive and anxiety-like behaviors, which positions these intranasal nanosystems in line with the hypothesis of provisioning timely and better acting antidepressant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Soraia Silva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT/ICNAS - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Filipa Gouveia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT/ICNAS - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Bicker
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT/ICNAS - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT/ICNAS - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Fortuna
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT/ICNAS - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Vijayaraj S, Palei NN, Archana D, Lathasri K, Rajavel P. Quality by design (Qbd) approach to develop stability indicating HPLC method for estimation of rutin in chitosan-sodium alginate nanoparticles. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902020000318793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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11
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Czyrski A, Sznura J. The application of Box-Behnken-Design in the optimization of HPLC separation of fluoroquinolones. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19458. [PMID: 31857613 PMCID: PMC6923357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55761-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Box-Behnken Design is a useful tool for the optimization of the chromatographic analysis. The goal of this study was to select the most significant factors that influenced the following parameters of the chromatographic separation: retention time, relative retention time, symmetry of the peaks, tailing factor, a number of theoretical plates, Foley – Dorsey parameter, resolution factor, peak width at half height. The results underwent the ANOVA test to find the statistically significant variables and interactions between them. The level of significance was for p < 0.05. The polynomial equations described quantitatively the statistically significant parameters and the interactions between them. The statistical analysis indicated both the best conditions for the separation of the compounds and the variables that were most influential for peaks’ parameters. The four-factor analysis performed for LEVO and MOXI indicated that ACN, TEA and pH are the most significant factors that influence the separation. The analysis for the pair CIPRO and LEVO required six factors. The statistical analysis proved that the most significant factors are ACN, MeOH and TEA. In the separation of these two compounds on the HPLC column, the interaction ACN × MeOH was also significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Czyrski
- Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Święcickiego 6 Street, 60-781, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Justyna Sznura
- Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Święcickiego 6 Street, 60-781, Poznań, Poland
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12
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Miranda M, Pais AACC, Cardoso C, Vitorino C. aQbD as a platform for IVRT method development - A regulatory oriented approach. Int J Pharm 2019; 572:118695. [PMID: 31536762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The EMA draft guideline on quality and equivalence of topical products and the FDA non-binding product specific guidances release has encouraged the establishment of a regulatory background for in vitro release testing (IVRT). Herein, a novel framework applicable to the development of a discriminatory IVRT method is described, according to analytical quality by design (aQbD) principles. A commercially available diclofenac emulgel formulation was used as model product. Through the definition of IVRT analytical target profile, a risk assessment analysis was carried out, in which the critical analytical attributes (in vitro release rate, cumulative amount released at an initial/final point and dose depletion) and critical method variables (medium, membrane and dosage regimen) were identified. Based on this information, a 3 × 2 × 3 full factorial design was performed. Statistical modeling and system desirability assessment enabled the selection of the most suitable IVRT parameters, which were fully validated according with new EMA requirements. These consisted of PBS:Ethanol (80:20, pH = 7.4), Tuffryn membranes and 300 mg of applied product. aQbD provided a comprehensive framework for developing a reliable and effective IVRT method. A thorough analysis of the new EMA draft guideline requirements revealed that some of the established criteria may be challenging to attain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Miranda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alberto A C C Pais
- Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Cardoso
- Laboratórios Basi, Parque Industrial Manuel Lourenço Ferreira, lote 15, 3450-232 Mortágua, Portugal
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine, Pólo I, 1st Floor, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
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13
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Czyrski A, Anusiak K, Teżyk A. The degradation of levofloxacin in infusions exposed to daylight with an identification of a degradation product with HPLC-MS. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3621. [PMID: 30842563 PMCID: PMC6403423 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40201-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper the decomposition product of levofloxacin was identified. Levofloxacin was dissolved in 0.9% NaCl, 5% glucose, and Ringer's solution. The solutions were divided into two batches: the first one was exposed to daylight and the second one was protected from it. The solutions were stored at the room temperature. The qualitative analysis of the degradation product was performed using MS and TOF detectors. The quantitative assay was done by a validated HPLC method. Visual inspection and pH assessment were done. Levofloxacin protected from daylight remained stable in 0.9% NaCl, 5% dextrose, and Ringer's solution. A slight decomposition of the analyte was observed in the solutions exposed to daylight with the fastest decomposition rate in Ringer's solution as compared with 0.9% NaCl and 5% dextrose solutions. The degradation product of levofloxacin detected with MS was levofloxacin N-oxide. Levofloxacin solutions should be protected from direct daylight to maintain drug stability. Levofloxacin N-oxide is formed regardless of the solvent used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Czyrski
- The Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Street, 60-781, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Anusiak
- The Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Street, 60-781, Poznań, Poland
| | - Artur Teżyk
- The Department of Forensic Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Street, 60-781, Poznań, Poland
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14
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Gundala A, Prasad KVSRG, Koganti B. Application of quality by design approach in RP-HPLC method development for simultaneous estimation of saxagliptin and dapagliflozin in tablet dosage form. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902019000218129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - KVSRG Prasad
- Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women’s University), India
| | - Bharathi Koganti
- Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (Women’s University), India
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15
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Sadeghzadeh Namavar S, Amiri Chayjan R, Amiri Parian J, Zolfigol MA. Experimental optimization of chicory root ( Cichorium intybus
L.) aqueous extracts formulation by novel approach of ongoing ultrasonic vacuum spray drying using response surface methodology. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Reza Amiri Chayjan
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture; Bu-Ali Sina University; Hamedan Iran
| | - Jafar Amiri Parian
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture; Bu-Ali Sina University; Hamedan Iran
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16
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Implementation of multicriteria decision analysis in design of experiment for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction optimization for chlorophenols determination. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1553:25-31. [PMID: 29653780 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient approach to optimization of extraction step prior the chromatographic determination of nine chlorinated phenols is described. It is based on the combination of design of experiments and multicriteria decision analysis. Such an approach is used to optimize dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction procedure for the determination of 9 chlorophenols in water samples. Three parameters are optimized - sample volume, volume of disperser solvent and extraction solvent. Combination of the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution with central composite design allows to perform multi-analyte procedure optimization. It gives information about the efficiency of the system for every experimental plan point in terms of closeness to ideal solution. The optimal conditions for extraction of chlorophenols are 76 μL of extraction solvent, 0.6 mL of dispersive solvent and 6.7 mL of water sample. The presented approach has the potential to be applied in variety of optimization systems.
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17
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Czyrski A, Sokół A, Szałek E. HPLC method for determination of moxifloxacin in plasma and its application in pharmacokinetic analysis. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1280680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Czyrski
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sokół
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Edyta Szałek
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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18
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Czyrski A. Analytical Methods for Determining Third and Fourth Generation Fluoroquinolones: A Review. Chromatographia 2016; 80:181-200. [PMID: 28216694 PMCID: PMC5288422 DOI: 10.1007/s10337-016-3224-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Fluoroquinolones of the third and fourth generation posses wide bactericidal activity. Monitoring concentrations of antibacterial agents provides effective therapy and prevents the increase of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The pharmacodynamic parameters that best describe fluoroquinalone activity are AUC/MIC and Cmax/MIC. Determining the level of this type of drug is essential to reach the effective concentration that inhibits the growth of bacteria. Determining the pharmaceutical formulation confirms the purity of a substance. Many methods have been developed to determine the level of these substances. They involve mainly the following analytical techniques: chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and spectroscopy. The separation techniques were combined with different measuring devices, such as ultraviolet (UV), fluorescence detector (FLD), diode array detector (DAD), and mass spectrometry (MS). The analytical procedures require proper sample pre-conditioning such as protein precipitation, extraction techniques, filtration, or dilution. This paper reviews the reported analytical methods for the determining representatives of the third and fourth generation of fluoroquinolones. Attention was paid to pre-conditioning of the samples and the applied mobile phase. This report might be helpful in the selection of the proper procedure in determining the abovementioned drugs in different matrices. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Czyrski
- The Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickego Street, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
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