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Ameneh PD, Mohtasham G, Sakineh R, Yadollah M, Ali R. School-based peer-led diabetes intervention among female adolescents: a cluster randomized trial. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1170. [PMID: 37330461 PMCID: PMC10276363 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing among adolescents and clear strategies are needed to prevent it. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of peer education on knowledge, health beliefs and preventive behaviors of type 2 diabetes in female adolescents. METHODS In this cluster randomized trial study, 168 students (84 people in each group) were enrolled. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire of knowledge (30 questions), health beliefs (16 questions) and behavior (20 questions) whose validity and reliability were confirmed. Then eight capable students were chosen as peer educators after being trained. The intervention group received 8 sessions of 90-min education through training, lectures, question and answer, and group discussion and with teaching aids such as pamphlets, educational clips and text messages. The post-test was administered two months after the treatment. Data collected using software SPSS16 and Chi-Square and ANCOVA test were used. RESULTS The result showed that the mean and standard deviation of general knowledge, disease symptoms, behavioral risk factors, mid-term outcomes and long-term outcomes, perceived self-efficacy, behavioral beliefs, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, prevention of stress, healthy food/healthy diet, unhealthy food/unhealthy diet, high-risk behavior, and self-care in the intervention group has increased significantly 2 months after intervention compared of control group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Peer education increased knowledge and improved adolescents' health beliefs and behaviors. Therefore, training in adolescence in order to prevention of diabetes can be considered as an effective step, and the use of peer-led education in this field is recommended. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration number IRCT20200811048361N1 from School of Public Health & Neuroscience Research Center-Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Date applied: 30/12/2020. Date assigned: 01/12/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooresmaeil Dorosteh Ameneh
- Ph. D Student of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghaffari Mohtasham
- Professor of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rakhshanderou Sakineh
- Assistant Professor of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tabnak Ave., Daneshjou Blvd., P.O, Velenjak, Tehran Iran
| | - Mehrabi Yadollah
- Professor of Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramezankhani Ali
- Professor of Health Education & Health Promotion School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Moreno AP, Camargo L, Gaitán G, Castillo EE, Pabón SA, Shelach S, Gargiulo P, Caldichoury N, López N. Effectiveness of a digital application to improve stroke knowledge for kids. Neurologia 2023; 38:278-283. [PMID: 37169470 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke is highly prevalent in Latin America and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Educating children about stroke has been established as an effective method to detect symptoms early, reduce hospital visits, and raise awareness among adults. OBJECTIVE To analyze the effectiveness of a mobile application to improve knowledge and understanding of stroke among children. METHOD We conducted a focus group session including 12 children in order to analyze the behavior of 6 questions previously validated by expert neurologists. Subsequently, 105 primary school students between the ages of 7 and 12 completed a questionnaire on stroke symptoms and how to contact the emergency services before and after using an application on stroke symptoms. Qualitative analyses and the Student t test were used to verify the existence of differences between pre- and post-intervention test results. RESULTS After a single 40-min working session with the application, between 50% and 67% of the children were able to identify the signs of stroke, and 96.2% knew the national emergency services telephone number. Statistical analysis revealed statistically significant differences before and after the intervention with the digital application (t=19.54; p<0.001) and intragroup differences in the post-intervention test results (t=40.71; p<0.001). CONCLUSION Primary school children who used our digital application increased their knowledge, understanding, and learning of stroke symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Moreno
- Residencia Neurología, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Sinú, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - L Camargo
- Profesorado Neurología, Universidad del Sinú y Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia.
| | - G Gaitán
- Residencia Neurología, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Sinú, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - E E Castillo
- Profesorado Neurología, Universidad del Sinú, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - S A Pabón
- Educación médica, Estrategia pedagógica en ACV, Colombia
| | - S Shelach
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Universidad Católica San Pablo, Arequipa, Perú
| | - P Gargiulo
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias y Psicología Experimental, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | | | - N López
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia
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Tekyol D, Altundağ İ, Efe Y, Kılıç M, Öncü T, Pul MF, Sayman C, Sayman ÖA. Investigation of an alternative education module in raising middle school student's awareness of acute stroke. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2023; 225:107565. [PMID: 36608465 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Public knowledge and recognition of stroke and prompt calls to ambulance services when stroke is suspected are vital to the survival of stroke patients and to minimize their disability. In this study, our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of an online education session to increase middle school (11-14-year-old) students' awareness of stroke. METHODS An interactive education session was organized for students using the online education portal of a local middle school. The effectiveness of this intervention was measured using knowledge measurement tests before, immediately after, and three months after the session. The compliance of the data with the normal distribution was checked with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The McNemar chi-square analysis was used to compare the distribution of correct and incorrect answers among the tests, and one-way analysis of variance was conducted to compare the mean values of correct answers. RESULTS The students' stroke knowledge levels were found to be higher in both tests applied after the educational session and all the questions compared to the baseline evaluation. Stroke awareness was also determined to be higher among the students living with a family member aged over 65 years. CONCLUSIONS Online interactive education can increase students' awareness of stroke. Such programs can be included in the education curriculum of schools. Public awareness of vital diseases should continue even in extraordinary situations, such as pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davut Tekyol
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Health Science University, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - İbrahim Altundağ
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Health Science University, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yasin Efe
- Ataşehir Emlak Konut Secondary School, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mazlum Kılıç
- Department of Emeregency, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Turkey.
| | - Tuğçe Öncü
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Burdur State Hospital, Turkey.
| | - Murat Fatih Pul
- Department of Neurology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ceyhun Sayman
- İstanbul University Health Science Institute Neurodevelopmental Translational Neuroscience Ph.D, Turkey.
| | - Özden Aksu Sayman
- Pediatrics Department, Alanya Alaeddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey.
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Effectiveness of a digital application to improve stroke knowledge for kids. Neurologia 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of disability, dementia and death worldwide. Approximately 70% of deaths from stroke and 87% of stroke-related disability occur in low-income and middle-income countries. At the turn of the century, the most common diseases in Africa were communicable diseases, whereas non-communicable diseases, including stroke, were considered rare, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. However, evidence indicates that, today, Africa could have up to 2-3-fold greater rates of stroke incidence and higher stroke prevalence than western Europe and the USA. In Africa, data published within the past decade show that stroke has an annual incidence rate of up to 316 per 100,000, a prevalence of up to 1,460 per 100,000 and a 3-year fatality rate greater than 80%. Moreover, many Africans have a stroke within the fourth to sixth decades of life, with serious implications for the individual, their family and society. This age profile is particularly important as strokes in younger people tend to result in a greater loss of self-worth and socioeconomic productivity than in older individuals. Emerging insights from research into stroke epidemiology, genetics, prevention, care and outcomes offer great prospects for tackling the growing burden of stroke on the continent. In this article, we review the unique profile of stroke in Africa and summarize current knowledge on stroke epidemiology, genetics, prevention, acute care, rehabilitation, outcomes, cost of care and awareness. We also discuss knowledge gaps, emerging priorities and future directions of stroke medicine for the more than 1 billion people who live in Africa.
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Samuel SP, Chinnaraju S, Williams HF, Pichamuthu E, Subharao M, Vaiyapuri M, Arumugam S, Vaiyapuri R, Baksh MF, Patel K, Trim SA, Duncombe TE, Vaiyapuri S. Venomous snakebites: Rapid action saves lives-A multifaceted community education programme increases awareness about snakes and snakebites among the rural population of Tamil Nadu, India. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008911. [PMID: 33382715 PMCID: PMC7774832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of public awareness surrounding the dangers of snakebite envenomation (SBE) is one of the most critical factors contributing to SBE-induced complications, and subsequently exacerbating the number of deaths and disabilities resulting from SBE. In this study, we deployed a multifaceted community education programme to educate students, healthcare professionals and members of the public in rural areas of Tamil Nadu, India about the dangers of SBE, appropriate first aid measures and the 'do's and don'ts' following a snakebite. An assessment of prior knowledge within these communities identified several misconceptions concerning snakes and SBE. Using a combination of direct engagement (estimated to reach over 200,000 people), information leaflets (200,000 distributed), posters, video documentaries, media and social media (>2.8 million engagements), over the course of one year (January to December 2019) we reached over 3 million people in rural Tamil Nadu (around 8% of population). Evaluation of community-based assemblies indicated that at least 90% of attendees were able to recall the key messages at the end of the events, and at least 85% were able to recall the key messages even after 12 months. Due to high demand, a one-day symposium was organised to provide clinical knowledge and training on SBE to 250 healthcare professionals in rural Tamil Nadu. Notably, an assessment of patient data (291 victims) collected from a snakebite referral hospital over the same 12-month period (2019) indicated that arrival time at hospital following a snakebite was significantly faster and the effective first aid measures were administered to patients who were aware of our activities compared to those that were not. Overall, our approach provides a framework on how to educate rural communities about the dangers of SBE and thereby, mitigate delayed SBE treatment leading to an overall reduction in SBE-induced mortality, morbidity, treatment costs and other socio-economic ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Paul Samuel
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kings Lynn, United Kingdom
- TCR Multispeciality Hospital, Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M. Fazil Baksh
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tracey E. Duncombe
- Research and Enterprise Services, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Dekker MCJ, Coulibaly T, Bardien S, Ross OA, Carr J, Komolafe M. Parkinson's Disease Research on the African Continent: Obstacles and Opportunities. Front Neurol 2020; 11:512. [PMID: 32636796 PMCID: PMC7317302 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of Parkinson's disease (PD) is becoming increasingly important in the context of an aging African population. Although PD has been extensively investigated with respect to its environmental and genetic etiology in various populations across the globe, studies on the African continent remain limited. In this Perspective article, we review some of the obstacles that are limiting research and creating barriers for future studies. We summarize what research is being done in four sub-Saharan countries and what the key elements are that are needed to take research to the next level. We note that there is large variation in neurological and genetic research capacity across the continent, and many opportunities for unexplored areas in African PD research. Only a handful of countries possess appropriate infrastructure and personnel, whereas the majority have yet to develop such capacity. Resource-constrained environments strongly determines the possibilities of performing research locally, and unidirectional export of biological samples and genetic data remains a concern. Local-regional partnerships, in collaboration with global PD consortia, should form an ethically appropriate solution, which will lead to a reduction in inequality and promote capacity building on the African continent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke C J Dekker
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Toumany Coulibaly
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire du Point "G", Bamako, Mali
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Jonathan Carr
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Morenikeji Komolafe
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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