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Sarun KH, Lee K, Williams M, Wright CM, Clarke CJ, Cheng NC, Takahashi K, Cheng YY. Genomic Deletion of BAP1 and CDKN2A Are Useful Markers for Quality Control of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) Primary Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103056. [PMID: 30301262 PMCID: PMC6213505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a deadly cancer that is caused by asbestos exposure and that has limited treatment options. The current standard of MPM diagnosis requires the testing of multiple immunohistochemical (IHC) markers on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue to differentiate MPM from other lung malignancies. To date, no single biomarker exists for definitive diagnosis of MPM due to the lack of specificity and sensitivity; therefore, there is ongoing research and development in order to identify alternative biomarkers for this purpose. In this study, we utilized primary MPM cell lines and tested the expression of clinically used biomarker panels, including CK8/18, Calretinin, CK 5/6, CD141, HBME-1, WT-1, D2-40, EMA, CEA, TAG72, BG8, CD15, TTF-1, BAP1, and Ber-Ep4. The genomic alteration of CDNK2A and BAP1 is common in MPM and has potential diagnostic value. Changes in CDKN2A and BAP1 genomic expression were confirmed in MPM samples in the current study using Fluorescence In situ Hybridization (FISH) analysis or copy number variation (CNV) analysis with digital droplet PCR (ddPCR). To determine whether MPM tissue and cell lines were comparable in terms of molecular alterations, IHC marker expression was analyzed in both sample types. The percentage of MPM biomarker levels showed variation between original tissue and matched cells established in culture. Genomic deletions of BAP1 and CDKN2A, however, showed consistent levels between the two. The data from this study suggest that genomic deletion analysis may provide more accurate biomarker options for MPM diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Harun Sarun
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Marissa Williams
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Casey Maree Wright
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Candice Julie Clarke
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Ngan Ching Cheng
- Liver Injury and Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Yuen Yee Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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