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Ganguly R, Lee CS. A Poisson-Independent Approach to Precision Nucleic Acid Quantification in Microdroplets. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3441-3451. [PMID: 38658190 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Digital PCR (dPCR) has become indispensable in nucleic acid (NA) detection across various fields, including viral diagnostics and mutant detection. However, misclassification of partitions in dPCR can significantly impact accuracy. Despite existing methods to minimize misclassification bias, accurate classification remains elusive, especially for nonamplified target partitions. To address these challenges, this study introduces an innovative microdroplet-based competitive PCR platform for nucleic acid quantification in microfluidic devices independent of Poisson statistics. In this approach, the target concentration (T) is determined from the concentration of competitor DNA (C) at the equivalence point (E.P.), where C/T is 1. Competitive PCR ensures that the ratio of target to competitor DNA remains constant during amplification, reflected in the resultant fluorescence intensity, allowing the quantification of target DNA concentration at the equivalence point. The unique amplification technique eliminates Poisson distribution, addressing misclassification challenges. Additionally, our approach reduces the need for post-PCR procedures and shortens analytical time. We envision this platform as versatile, reproducible, and easily adaptable for driving significant progress in molecular biology and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reya Ganguly
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Soo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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Bîrcă AC, Gherasim O, Niculescu AG, Grumezescu AM, Neacșu IA, Chircov C, Vasile BȘ, Oprea OC, Andronescu E, Stan MS, Curuțiu C, Dițu LM, Holban AM. A Microfluidic Approach for Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles as a Potential Antimicrobial Agent in Alginate-Hyaluronic Acid-Based Wound Dressings. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11466. [PMID: 37511219 PMCID: PMC10380883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The recognized antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles is a well-studied property, especially when designing and developing biomaterials with medical applications. As biological activity is closely related to the physicochemical characteristics of a material, aspects such as particle morphology and dimension should be considered. Microfluidic systems in continuous flow represent a promising method to control the size, shape, and size distribution of synthesized nanoparticles. Moreover, using microfluidics widens the synthesis options by creating and controlling parameters that are otherwise difficult to maintain in conventional batch procedures. This study used a microfluidic platform with a cross-shape design as an innovative method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles and varied the precursor concentration and the purging speed as experimental parameters. The compositional and microstructural characterization of the obtained samples was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Four formulations of alginate-based hydrogels with the addition of hyaluronic acid and silver nanoparticles were obtained to highlight the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles and the efficiency of such a composite in wound treatment. The porous structure, swelling capacity, and biological properties were evaluated through physicochemical analysis (FT-IR and SEM) and through contact with prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The results of the physicochemical and biological investigations revealed desirable characteristics for performant wound dressings (i.e., biocompatibility, appropriate porous structure, swelling rate, and degradation rate, ability to inhibit biofilm formation, and cell growth stimulation capacity), and the obtained materials are thus recommended for treating chronic and infected wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Cătălina Bîrcă
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Gherasim
- Lasers Department, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov No. 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionela Andreea Neacșu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Chircov
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Ștefan Vasile
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Cristian Oprea
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov No. 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Miruna Silvia Stan
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Curuțiu
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 077206 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lia Mara Dițu
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 077206 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina Maria Holban
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 077206 Bucharest, Romania
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Zhao S, Nie Y, Zhang W, Hu R, Sheng L, He W, Zhu N, Li Y, Ji D, Guo K. Microfluidic field strategy for enhancement and scale up of liquid–liquid homogeneous chemical processes by optimization of 3D spiral baffle structure. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Koryakina IG, Afonicheva PK, Arabuli KV, Evstrapov AA, Timin AS, Zyuzin MV. Microfluidic synthesis of optically responsive materials for nano- and biophotonics. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 298:102548. [PMID: 34757247 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nanomaterials demonstrating optical response under illumination, the so-called optically responsive nanoparticles (NPs), have found their broad application as optical switchers, gas adsorbents, data storage devices, and optical and biological sensors. Unique optical properties of such nanomaterials are strongly related to their chemical composition, geometrical parameters and morphology. Microfluidic approaches for NPs' synthesis allow overcoming the known critical stages in conventional synthesis of NPs due to a high rate of heat/mass transfer and precise regulation of synthesis conditions, which results in reproducible synthesis outcomes with the desired physico-chemical properties. Here, we review the recent advances in microfluidic approach for synthesis of optically responsive nanomaterials (plasmonic, photoluminescent, shape-changeable NPs), highlighting the general background of microfluidics, common considerations in the design of microfluidic chips (MFCs), and theoretical models of the NPs' formation mechanisms. Comparative analysis of microfluidic synthesis with conventional synthesis methods is provided further, along with the recent applications of optically responsive NPs in nano- and biophotonics.
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Process Intensification Approach Using Microreactors for Synthesizing Nanomaterials-A Critical Review. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11010098. [PMID: 33406661 PMCID: PMC7823899 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have found many applications due to their unique properties such as high surface-to-volume ratio, density, strength, and many more. This review focuses on the recent developments on the synthesis of nanomaterials using process intensification. The review covers the designing of microreactors, design principles, and fundamental mechanisms involved in process intensification using microreactors for synthesizing nanomaterials. The microfluidics technology operates in continuous mode as well as the segmented flow of gas–liquid combinations. Various examples from the literature are discussed in detail highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of microfluidics technology for nanomaterial synthesis.
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