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Castelucci BG, Consonni SR, Rosa VS, Joazeiro PP. Recruitment of monocytes and mature macrophages in mouse pubic symphysis relaxation during pregnancy and postpartum recovery†. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:466-477. [PMID: 31201427 PMCID: PMC6735965 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate remodeling of the female lower reproductive tract and pelvic floor is essential during normal mammalian pregnancy, labor, and postpartum recovery. During mouse pregnancy, in addition to reproductive tract modifications, the pubic symphysis (PS) is remodeled into a soft interpubic ligament (IpL) to provide safe delivery of the offspring and fast postpartum recovery. Although temporal changes in the phenotypes of myeloid cells, such as mononuclear phagocytes, are crucial to remodeling the lower reproductive tract organs in preparation for a safe delivery, little is known about the involvement of recruited monocytes or macrophages in mouse PS remodeling. We used combined light microscopy, electron microscopy, and qPCR analysis to investigate the profile of recruited monocytes and macrophage polarization markers in C57Bl6 mouse interpubic tissues during pregnancy (D12, D18, and D19) and early days postpartum (1 dpp and 3 dpp) to better identify their presence in proper remodeling of the mouse PS. Our morphological data show that the number of recruited monocytes is increased in interpubic tissues and that recruited monocytes differentiate into proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotypes from D18 to 3 dpp, which may contribute to dynamic changes in the gene expression of specific inflammatory mediators involved in interpubic tissue remodeling at these time points. Therefore, our morphological and quantitative gene expression data suggest that both differentiated macrophages from recruited monocytes and polarized macrophages may collaborate for IpL relaxation at labor and the appropriate repair of the PS after the first pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca G Castelucci
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Silvio R Consonni
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Viviane S Rosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Paulo P Joazeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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Castelucci BG, Pereira AHM, Fioramonte M, Carazzolle MF, de Oliveira PSL, Franchini KG, Kobarg J, Martins-de-Souza D, Joazeiro PP, Consonni SR. Evidence of macrophage modulation in the mouse pubic symphysis remodeling during the end of first pregnancy and postpartum. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12403. [PMID: 32709949 PMCID: PMC7381608 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68676-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In mouse pregnancy, pubic symphysis (PS) remodels into an elastic interpubic ligament (IpL) in a temporally regulated process to provide safe delivery. It restores at postpartum to assure reproductive tract homeostasis. Recently, macrophage localization in the IpL and dynamic changes in the expression of inflammatory mediators observed from the end of pregnancy (D18, D19) to early days postpartum (1dpp, 3dpp) highlighted the necessity of the identification of the key molecules involved in innate immune processes in PS remodeling. Therefore, this study uses morphological and high-sensitivity molecular techniques to identify both macrophage association with extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and the immunological processes involved in PS changes from D18 to 3dpp. Results showed macrophage association with active gelatinases and ECM components and 25 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to macrophage activities in interpubic tissues from D18 to 3dpp. Additionally, microarray and proteomic analysis showed a significant association of interpubic tissue DEGs with complement system activation and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) with phagocytosis, highlighting the involvement of macrophage-related activities in mouse PS remodeling. Therefore, the findings suggest that PS ECM remodeling is associated with evidence of macrophage modulation that ensures both IpL relaxation and fast PS recovery postpartum for first labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Castelucci
- Laboratory of Cytochemistry and Immunocytochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - A H M Pereira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - M Fioramonte
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - M F Carazzolle
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - P S L de Oliveira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - K G Franchini
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - J Kobarg
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - D Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster (EMRC), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P P Joazeiro
- Laboratory of Cytochemistry and Immunocytochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - S R Consonni
- Laboratory of Cytochemistry and Immunocytochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
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