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Falconi G, Galossi E, Hajrullaj H, Fabiani E, Voso MT. Bone Marrow Microenvironment Involvement in t-MN: Focus on Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2023; 15:e2023055. [PMID: 37705521 PMCID: PMC10497308 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2023.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) are a late complication of cytotoxic therapy (CT) used in the treatment of both malignant and non-malignant diseases. Historically, t-MN has been considered to be a direct consequence of DNA damage induced in normal hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells (HSPC) by CT. However, we now know that treatment-induced mutations in HSC are not the only players involved in t-MN development, but additional factors may contribute to the onset of t-MN. One of the known drivers involved in this field is the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) and, in particular, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC), whose role in t-MN pathogenesis is the topic of this mini-review. BM-MSCs, physiologically, support HSC maintenance, self-renewal, and differentiation through hematopoietic-stromal interactions and the production of cytokines. In addition, BM-MSCs maintain the stability of the BM immune microenvironment and reduce the damage caused to HSC by stress stimuli. In the t-MN context, chemo/radiotherapy may induce damage to the BM-MSC and likewise alter BM-MSC functions by promoting pro-inflammatory response, clonal selection and/or the production of factors that may favor malignant hematopoiesis. Over the last decade, it has been shown that BM-MSC isolated from patients with de novo and therapy-related MN exhibit decreased proliferative and clonogenic capacity, altered morphology, increased senescence, defective osteogenic differentiation potential, impaired immune-regulatory properties, and reduced ability to support HSC growth and differentiation, as compared to normal BM-MSC. Although the understanding of the genetic and gene expression profile associated with ex vivo-expanded t-MN-MSCs remains limited and debatable, its potential role in prognostic and therapeutic terms is acting as a flywheel of attraction for many researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Falconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - E Galossi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - H Hajrullaj
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - E Fabiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - M T Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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2
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Zheng L, Zhang L, Guo Y, Xu X, Liu Z, Yan Z, Fu R. The immunological role of mesenchymal stromal cells in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1078421. [PMID: 36569863 PMCID: PMC9767949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1078421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a common hematological malignant disease, characterized by malignant hematopoietic stem cell proliferation in the bone marrow (BM); clinically, it mainly manifests clinically mainly by as pathological hematopoiesis, hemocytopenia, and high-risk transformation to acute leukemia. Several studies have shown that the BM microenvironment plays a critical role in the progression of MDS. In this study, we specifically evaluated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that exert immunomodulatory effects in the BM microenvironment. This immunomodulatory effect occurs through direct cell-cell contact and the secretion of soluble cytokines or micro vesicles. Several researchers have compared MSCs derived from healthy donors to low-risk MDS-associated bone mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and have found no significant abnormalities in the MDS-MSC phenotype; however, these cells have been observed to exhibit altered function, including a decline in osteoblastic function. This altered function may promote MDS progression. In patients with MDS, especially high-risk patients, MSCs in the BM microenvironment regulate immune cell function, such as that of T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), macrophages, and Treg cells, thereby enabling MDS-associated malignant cells to evade immune cell surveillance. Alterations in MDS-MSC function include genomic instability, microRNA production, histone modification, DNA methylation, and abnormal signal transduction and cytokine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likun Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Department of Hematology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Yixuan Guo
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoyun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenyu Yan
- Department of Hematology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Rong Fu,
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3
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De Becker A, Heestermans R, De Brouwer W, Bockstaele K, Maes K, Van Riet I. Genetic profiling of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells after in vitro expansion in clinical grade human platelet lysate. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1008271. [DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1008271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic cells that have a broad therapeutic potential. To obtain sufficient cells for clinical application, they must be expanded ex vivo. In the initial expansion protocols described, fetal calf serum (FCS) was used as the reference growth supplement, but more recently different groups started to replace FCS with platelet lysate (PL). We investigated in this study the impact of the culture supplement on gene expression of MSCs. Human bone marrow derived MSCs were expanded in vitro in FCS and PL supplemented medium. We found that MSCs expanded in PL-containing medium (PL-MSCs) express typical MSC immunomorphological features and can migrate, as their counterparts expanded in FCS-containing medium, through a layer of endothelial cells in vitro. Additionally, they show an increased proliferation rate compared to MSCs expanded in FCS medium (FCS-MSCs). RNA sequencing performed for MSCs cultured in both types of expansion medium revealed a large impact of the choice of growth supplement on gene expression: 1974 genes were at least twofold up- or downregulated. We focused on impact of genes involved in apoptosis and senescence. Our data showed that PL-MSCs express more anti-apoptotic genes and FCS-MSCs more pro-apoptotic genes. FCS-MSCs showed upregulation of senescence-related genes after four passages whereas this was rarer in PL-MSCs at the same timepoint. Since PL-MSCs show higher proliferation rates and anti-apoptotic gene expression, they might acquire features that predispose them to malignant transformation. We screened 10 MSC samples expanded in PL-based medium for the presence of tumor-associated genetic variants using a 165 gene panel and detected only 21 different genetic variants. According to our analysis, none of these were established pathogenic mutations. Our data show that differences in culture conditions such as growth supplement have a significant impact on the gene expression profile of MSCs and favor the use of PL over FCS for expansion of MSCs.
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Bandara WMMS, Rathnayake AJIS, Neththikumara NF, Goonasekera HWW, Dissanayake VHW. Comparative Analysis of the Genetic Variants in Haematopoietic Stem/Progenitor and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Compartments in de novo Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2021; 88:102535. [PMID: 33461003 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2021.102535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) are hematological clonal disorders. Bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) interact with the haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to regulate haematopoiesis. We studied the genetic variation profiles of BM derived CD34+ HSPCs and MSCs of same patient in a South Asian de novo MDS cohort with 20 patients. A total of 42 genes (variants 471) and 38 genes (variants 232) were mutated in HSPCs and MSCs respectively and majority (97%) were distinct variants. Variants included both known and novel, with variants predicted as pathogenic. In both cell types, most frequently mutated genes were TET2, KDM6A, BCOR, EZH2 and ASXL. DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling were shown to be affected in both cell types with a high frequency. RNA splicing was affected more in HSPCs. Gene variants in the cohesion complex and epigenetic mechanisms were shown to co-exist. We report variant profile of MSCs and CD34+ HSPCs from a South Asian cohort, with novel variants with potential for further study as biomarkers in MDS. Distinct variants confined to each cellular compartment indicate that the genetic variations occur following lineage commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Manoj S Bandara
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Rathmalana, Sri Lanka.
| | - A J Iresha S Rathnayake
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Rathmalana, Sri Lanka.
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5
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Aplastic Anemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes: The "Seed and Soil" Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155438. [PMID: 32751628 PMCID: PMC7432231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the contribution of the marrow niche to the pathogenesis of bone marrow failure syndromes, i.e., aplastic anemia (AA) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs). In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that contribute to the organization and function of the hematopoietic niche through their repopulating and supporting abilities, as well as immunomodulatory properties. The latter are of great interest in MDSs and, particularly, AA, where an immune attack against hematopoietic stem cells is the key pathogenic player. We, therefore, conducted Medline research, including all available evidence from the last 10 years concerning the role of MSCs in these two diseases. The data presented show that MSCs display morphologic, functional, and genetic alterations in AA and MDSs and contribute to immune imbalance, ineffective hematopoiesis, and leukemic evolution. Importantly, adoptive MSC infusion from healthy donors can be exploited to heal the "sick" niche, with even better outcomes if cotransplanted with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells. Finally, future studies on MSCs and the whole microenvironment will further elucidate AA and MDS pathogenesis and possibly improve treatment.
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Saitoh Y, Umezu T, Imanishi S, Asano M, Yoshizawa S, Katagiri S, Suguro T, Fujimoto H, Akahane D, Kobayashi-Kawana C, Ohyashiki JH, Ohyashiki K. Downregulation of extracellular vesicle microRNA-101 derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in myelodysplastic syndrome with disease progression. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2053-2061. [PMID: 32194702 PMCID: PMC7038917 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the mechanism underlying the communication between myeloid malignant and bone marrow (BM) microenvironment cells in disease progression, the current study established BM mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and assessed extracellular vesicle (EV) microRNA (miR) expression in 22 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and 7 patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplasia-related changes (AML/MRC). Patients with MDS were separated into two categories based on the revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R), and EV-miR expression in BM-MSCs was evaluated using a TaqMan low-density array. The selected miRs were evaluated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The current study demonstrated that the expression of BM-MSC-derived EV-miR was heterogenous and based on MDS severity, the expression of EV-miR-101 was lower in high-risk group and patients with AML/MRC compared with the control and low-risk groups. This reversibly correlated with BM blast percentage, with which the cellular miR-101 from BM-MSCs or serum EV-miR-101 expression exhibited no association. Database analyses indicated that miR-101 negatively regulated cell proliferation and epigenetic gene expression. The downregulation of BM-MSC-derived EV-miR-101 may be associated with cell-to-cell communication and may accelerate the malignant process in MDS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuu Saitoh
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Umezu
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Satoshi Imanishi
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Michiyo Asano
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | | | - Seiichiro Katagiri
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Tamiko Suguro
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujimoto
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Daigo Akahane
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | | | - Junko H. Ohyashiki
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
- Department of Advanced Cellular Therapy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Kazuma Ohyashiki
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
- Department of Advanced Cellular Therapy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
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Katagiri S, Makishima H, Azuma K, Nannya Y, Saitoh Y, Yoshizawa S, Akahane D, Fujimoto H, Ito Y, Velaga R, Umezu T, Ohyashiki JH, Ogawa S, Ohyashiki K. Predisposed genomic instability in pre-treatment bone marrow evolves to therapy-related myeloid neoplasms in malignant lymphoma. Haematologica 2019; 105:e337-e339. [PMID: 31699793 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.229856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hideki Makishima
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenko Azuma
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Current address: Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences (TIIMS), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Nannya
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuu Saitoh
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Daigo Akahane
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujimoto
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ito
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ravi Velaga
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Umezu
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Advanced Cellular Therapy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko H Ohyashiki
- Department of Advanced Cellular Therapy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Centre for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kazuma Ohyashiki
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Advanced Cellular Therapy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Müller M, Graf R, Kashofer K, Macher S, Wölfler A, Zebisch A, Hrzenjak A, Heitzer E, Sill H. Detection of AML-specific TP53 mutations in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells cultured under hypoxia conditions. Ann Hematol 2019; 98:2019-2020. [PMID: 30941510 PMCID: PMC6647597 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-019-03680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marian Müller
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, A-8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Ricarda Graf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Karl Kashofer
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Susanne Macher
- Department for Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Albert Wölfler
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, A-8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Armin Zebisch
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, A-8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Andelko Hrzenjak
- Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Sill
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, A-8036, Graz, Austria.
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9
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Asano M, Ohyashiki JH, Kobayashi-Kawana C, Umezu T, Imanishi S, Azuma K, Akahane D, Fujimoto H, Ito Y, Ohyashiki K. A novel non-invasive monitoring assay of 5-azacitidine efficacy using global DNA methylation of peripheral blood in myelodysplastic syndrome. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:1821-1833. [PMID: 31239639 PMCID: PMC6553951 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s195071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Monitoring response and resistance to 5-azacitidine (AZA) is essential when treating patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). To quantify methylated DNA not only in the promoter region but also in the gene body, we established a single-molecule methylation assay (SMMA). Patients and methods: We first investigated the methylation extent (expressed as methylation index [MI]) by SMMA among 28 MDS and 6 post-MDS acute myeloid leukemia patients. We then analyzed the MI in 13 AZA-treated patients. Results: Whole-blood DNA from all 34 patients had low MI values compared with healthy volunteers (P<0.0001). DNA hypomethylation in MDS patients was more evident in neutrophils (P=0.0008) than in peripheral mononuclear cells (P=0.0713). No consistent pattern of genome-wide DNA hypomethylation was found among MDS subtypes or revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) categories; however, we found that the MI was significantly increased for patients at very high risk who were separated by the new cytogenetic scoring system for IPSS-R (P=0.0398). There was no significant difference in MI before AZA, regardless of the response to AZA (P=0.8689); however, sequential measurement of MI in peripheral blood demonstrated that AZA non-responders did not have normalized MI at the time of next course of AZA (P=0.0352). Conclusion: Our results suggest that sequential SMMA of peripheral blood after AZA may represent a non-invasive monitoring marker for AZA efficacy in MDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiyo Asano
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko H Ohyashiki
- Department of Advanced Cellular Therapy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tomohiro Umezu
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Imanishi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenko Azuma
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daigo Akahane
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujimoto
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ito
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Ohyashiki
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Neri S. Genetic Stability of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Regenerative Medicine Applications: A Fundamental Biosafety Aspect. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102406. [PMID: 31096604 PMCID: PMC6566307 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) show widespread application for a variety of clinical conditions; therefore, their use necessitates continuous monitoring of their safety. The risk assessment of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies cannot be separated from an accurate and deep knowledge of their biological properties and in vitro and in vivo behavior. One of the most relevant safety issues is represented by the genetic stability of MSCs, that can be altered during in vitro manipulation, frequently required before clinical application. MSC genetic stability has the potential to influence the transformation and the therapeutic effect of these cells. At present, karyotype evaluation represents the definitely prevailing assessment of MSC stability, but DNA alterations of smaller size should not be underestimated. This review will focus on current scientific knowledge about the genetic stability of mesenchymal stem cells. The techniques used and possible improvements together with regulatory aspects will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Neri
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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Yoshida M, Horiguchi H, Kikuchi S, Iyama S, Ikeda H, Goto A, Kawano Y, Murase K, Takada K, Miyanishi K, Kato J, Kobune M. miR-7977 inhibits the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213220. [PMID: 30835743 PMCID: PMC6400381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We and others have demonstrated that various abnormalities of the bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) such as aberrant cytokine expression, abnormal hedgehog signaling, and impaired miRNA biogenesis are observed in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, underlying mechanisms to induce the dysfunction of BM MSCs have not yet been clarified. We previously showed that AML cells release abundant exosomal miR-7977, which, in turn, enters BM mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). However, the precise function of miR-7977 is not known. In this study, we performed transduction of a miR-7977 mimic into MSCs, compared transcriptomes between control-transduced (n = 3) and miR-7977-transduced MSCs (n = 3), and conducted pathway analysis. The array data revealed that the expression of 0.05% of genes was reduced 2-fold and the expression of 0.01% of genes was increased 2-fold. Interestingly, approximately half of these genes possessed a miR-7977 target site, while the other genes did not, suggesting that miR-7977 regulates the gene expression level directly and indirectly. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that the gene sets of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) _up were significantly enriched (p<0.001, q<0.25), suggesting that miR-7977 modulates the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway. Visualization of pathway and network showed that miR-7977 significantly reduced the expression of Hippo core kinase, STK4. miR-7977 inactivated the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway as proven by GFP-tagged YAP nuclear trans localization and TEAD reporter assay. The miR-7977-transduced MSC cell line, HTS-5, showed elevated saturation density and enhanced entry into the cell cycle. These results suggest that miR-7977 is a critical factor that regulates the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway in BM-MSCs and may be involved in the upregulation of leukemia-supporting stroma growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yoshida
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroto Horiguchi
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shohei Kikuchi
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iyama
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akari Goto
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Murase
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kohichi Takada
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Koji Miyanishi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Junji Kato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kobune
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- * E-mail:
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