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Dong S, Wang T, Wang H, Qian K, Zhang Z, Zuo Y, Luo G, Jin Y, Wang Z. Synthesis and Evaluation of 5-(o-Tolyl)-1H-tetrazole Derivatives as Potent Anticonvulsant Agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2017; 350. [PMID: 28418160 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201600389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of 5-(o-tolyl)-1H-tetrazole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activities. 1-(2-Methylbenzyl)-5-(o-tolyl)-1H-tetrazole (3h) showed important anticonvulsant activity against the MES-induced seizures, as well as lower neurotoxicity with an ED50 value of 12.7 mg/kg and a TD50 value of over 500 mg/kg after intraperitoneal injection into mice, providing 3h with a high protective index (TD50 /ED50 ) of over 39.4. The achieved results prove that the distinctive compounds could be valuable as a model for future development, adaptation, and investigation to construct more active analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Dong
- College of Pharmacy, JiangXi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.,College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- College of Pharmacy, JiangXi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.,The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Huayu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, JiangXi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Kun Qian
- College of Pharmacy, JiangXi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhongli Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, JiangXi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yueming Zuo
- College of Pharmacy, JiangXi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Guangming Luo
- College of Pharmacy, JiangXi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Jin
- College of Pharmacy, JiangXi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.,The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Zengtao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, JiangXi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Balducci AG, Ferraro L, Bortolotti F, Nastruzzi C, Colombo P, Sonvico F, Russo P, Colombo G. Antidiuretic effect of desmopressin chimera agglomerates by nasal administration in rats. Int J Pharm 2012; 440:154-60. [PMID: 23046665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a nasal powder of the antidiuretic peptide desmopressin (DDAVP) formulated as chimera agglomerates was studied to improve drug bioavailability and provide a flexible drug product. Firstly, DDAVP was spray-dried along with mannitol and lecithin to produce primary microparticles capable of instantaneous dissolution in water. The chimera agglomerates were spontaneously formed by mechanically vibrating the microparticles on two stacked sieves. Agglomerate formation and strength were favored by the presence of lecithin. Drug content and dissolution rate remained unmodified after agglomeration. However, owing to the agglomerate larger size, powder flowability was greatly improved in comparison with the original microparticles, allowing accurate powder dosing into the nasal delivery device. DDAVP in vitro permeation across excised rabbit nasal mucosa from the agglomerates was significantly higher than that obtained from a commercial liquid nasal spray. In rats, intranasal DDAVP agglomerates allowed for efficient administration with almost 80% of the loaded powder emitted from the device into the animal nose. The administration of DDAVP agglomerates induced a significant reduction in urine production. Moreover, the antidiuretic effect of agglomerates did not significantly differ from the one induced by an intravenous injection of DDAVP at a ten-fold lower dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Giulia Balducci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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